Decision No. 04/2004/QĐ-BXD on the issuance of the Vietnam Construction Standard TCXD VN 303: 2004 "Finishing Works in Construction - Execution and Acceptance. Part I. Laying and Surfacing Works in Construction.

DECISION OF THE MINISTER OF CONSTRUCTION 

 Regarding the issuance of the Vietnamese Construction Standard TCXD VN 303: 2004 "Finishing Works in Construction - Execution and Acceptance. Part I. Tiling and Plastering Works in Construction"
works for completion in construction - Execution and acceptance. Part I. Laying and
plastering in construction
___________________________

MINISTER OF CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION

Based on Decree No. 36/2003/NĐ-CP dated April 4, 2003 of the Government stipulating the functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of Construction.

Based on Record No. 72/BXD-KHCN dated July 14, 2003 of the Scientific and Technical Council for the acceptance of the standard "Finishing Works in Construction - Execution and Acceptance. Tiling and Plastering Works in Construction".

Considering the proposal of the Director of the Science and Technology Department and the Director of the Institute of Science and Technology for Construction.

Pursuant to …;

Article 1. Issued herewith is one Vietnamese Construction Standard TCXD VN 303: 2004 "Finishing Works in Construction - Execution and Acceptance. Part I. Tiling and Plastering Works in Construction."

Article 2. This Decision shall take effect fifteen days from the date of publication in the Official Gazette.

Article 3. The Heads of the Office of the Ministry, the Director of the Science and Technology Department, the Director of the Institute of Science and Technology for Construction, and the Heads of related units are responsible for implementing this Decision./.

 

TCXDVN 303: 2004

 

First review

Finishing works in construction

execution and acceptance

Part 1. Tiling and plastering works in construction

 

Finish works in construction – Execution and acceptance

Part 1. Tiling and plastering work

Code: TC 03 - 01

 

 

Hanoi 2004

 

 

Foreword

TCXDVN 303: 2004 was compiled by the Institute of Science and Technology for Construction, reviewed by the Science and Technology Department, and issued by the Ministry of Construction pursuant to Decision No. ...

 

 

CONSTRUCTION STANDARD VIETNAM YEAR

First review

Finishing works in construction – Execution and acceptance

Part 1. Tiling and plastering works in construction

Finish works in construction – Execution and acceptance

Part 1. Tiling and plastering work

 

b) In cases where funds from organizations and individuals within and outside Vietnam are used for victim support work and victim support benefits, such activities shall be carried out in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Finance and the donor; in cases where there is no agreement between the donor or their authorized representative and the Ministry of Finance regarding the expenditure level, the expenditure level prescribed in this Circular shall apply.

This standard specifies the main technical requirements and guides the procedures for construction, inspection, and acceptance of quality of tiling and plastering works in civil and industrial construction projects.

2. Referenced standards

TCVN 1450: 1986 “Hollow fired clay bricks”

TCVN 1451: 1986 “Solid fired clay bricks”

TCVN 6065: 1995 “Cement floor tiles”

TCVN 6074: 1995 “Granite floor tiles”

TCVN 6414: 1998 “Ceramic wall and floor tiles – Technical requirements”

TCVN 6476: 1999 “Self-leveling concrete floor tiles”

TCXD 85: 1981 “Coconut leaf floor tiles”

TCXD 90: 1981 “Fired clay floor tiles”

TCVN 4340: 1994 “Wooden floor panels”

TCVN 4314: 1986 “Mortar for construction. Technical requirements”

3. Terms and definitions

Tiling materials: tiles and panels.

Tiles: cement tiles, fired clay tiles, ceramic tiles, granite tiles, natural stone, artificial stone, etc. used for tiling.

Base layer: the layer immediately below the tiling or plastering layer.

Tiled surface: the surface of the tiling layer after completion.

Plastered surface: the surface of the plastering layer after completion.

Adhesive material: material used to bond tiling materials with the base layer.

Tile joint: the gap between adjacent tiles or panels.

Joint filler: bonding material used to fill tile joints.

4. Tiling work

Technical requirements

Materials:

Tiles and panels must meet technical requirements regarding quality, type, size, color.

Adhesive materials must ensure quality; if not specified in the design, they should comply with the manufacturer's requirements for tiling materials.

Base layer:

The surface of the base layer must be flat, solid, stable, have good adhesion with adhesive materials, and be free from contaminants.

The height of the base layer must be appropriate for the tiling material above it. The slope of the base layer must meet technical requirements.

For adhesive materials such as glue or resin, or when panels are directly placed on the base layer, the surface of the base layer must satisfy the requirements set out in Table 1 of this standard.

Before tiling, the base layer and hidden parts (embedded details, waterproofing, technical systems, etc.) must be inspected and accepted.¼).

Quality of the tiled surface:

The tiled surface must meet requirements concerning height, flatness, slope, adhesion with the base layer, thickness of adhesive material, width of tile joints, color, pattern, decorative shape, etc.¼

If the tiled surface consists of natural stones, stones should be selected so that adjacent pieces harmonize in color and texture.

For tiles bonded with mortar, the mortar must be evenly spread on the base layer to ensure that each tile is fully covered with mortar.

The wooden floor panel surface must not have cracks or warping. The surface of soft floor panels must not blister or wrinkle.

For tiles that require cutting, the cutting and grinding of edges must ensure neat cuts and even joints.

The gaps between adjacent tiles and between tiles and walls must be filled with joint filler.

Deviations on the tiled surface must not exceed the allowable values in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1 - Allowable deviations

 

 

Table 2. Height difference between two edges of tiling materials

 

 

Safety during tiling:

Tiling must comply with current regulations on labor safety and fire prevention.

For flammable tiling materials such as wood, carpet, adhesive, etc., fire prevention measures must be taken during construction.

The working environment must be well-ventilated, with measures to prevent poisoning from fumes emitted by tiling materials and adhesive materials.

Construction process

Tiling process:

Preparing the base layer

Use strings, levels, or measuring instruments to check the height, flatness, and slope of the base layer surface.

Install reference points for tiling height, with at least four points in each room at the corners, and additional points in larger rooms arranged in a grid pattern, with intervals not exceeding 3m.

Mark reference points for height checks on walls or columns at heights above the tiling surface to continuously monitor the height of the tiling surface.

Preparing tiles

Tiles must be cleaned thoroughly, free from dust, oil, and substances that reduce the bonding strength between the base layer and the tiles.

For water-absorbing tiles, they must be soaked in water and allowed to drain before tiling.

Tiles must be inspected according to corresponding material standards. In this standard, the following types of tiles are included:

Fired clay bricks - TCVN 1450: 1986, TCVN 1451: 1986.

Fired clay tiles - TCXD 85: 1981, TCXD 90: 1981.

Ceramic glazed tiles - TCVN 6414: 1998.

Cement tiles, granite - TCVN 6065: 1995, TCVN 6074: 1995.

Self-leveling concrete tiles - TCVN 6476: 1999.

Natural and artificial paving stones - in accordance with design requirements.

Preparation of bonding materials

The mixing, use, and storage of bonding materials must comply with the type of material requirements. Bonding materials may be cement mortar, lime-sand mortar, polymer mortar, or adhesive.

For bonding materials that are mortar, they must comply with TCVN 4314: 1986.

Tiling tools

Necessary tools for tiling work such as trowel, tile spreader, jointer, measuring tape about 3 meters, retractable ruler, rubber hammer, tile cutter, tile grinder, chisel, broom, cleaning cloth, or measuring instrument must be prepared.

Tools must be complete and suitable for construction requirements for each operation. Damaged, old, worn-out tools that cannot ensure accuracy during construction shall not be used.

Tiling process

If the bonding material is mortar, the mortar must be evenly spread on the base layer wide enough to lay from three to five tiles, then spread again for adjacent tiles after laying these tiles.

If the bonding material is adhesive, each tile must be laid individually and the adhesive must be evenly applied to the surface of the tile to be bonded with the base.

If the tiling surface is outdoors, expansion joints must be installed with a maximum distance of 4 meters between two expansion joints. If the design does not specify, the width of the expansion joint should be 2 cm, filled with elastic materials.

The tiling sequence is as follows: stretch a string and lay the tiles along the straight line connecting the markers attached to the base layer. Then lay the tiles within the range of reference elevation marks, the direction of laying perpendicular to the previously laid direction. The general direction of laying for the entire building or project is from inside to outside.

During laying, a measuring tape about 3 meters long is frequently used to check the flatness of the tiling surface. The flatness of the tiling surface is checked according to longitudinal, transverse, and diagonal directions. Elevation levels of the tiling surface are frequently checked based on reference elevation marks.

When laying, attention must be paid to arranging the tiles according to the designed pattern.

Filling the joints

Joint filling work can only be carried out when the tiles have bonded with the base layer. Before filling the joints, the tiling surface must be thoroughly cleaned. After filling the joints, immediately clean the joint edges neatly and keep the tiling surface clean to prevent joint filler from adhering and staining the surface.

Maintenance of the tiling surface:

After filling the joints, the tiling surface must not be subjected to strong impacts before the bonding material has fully hardened.

For outdoor tiling surfaces and mortar bonding materials, measures to protect against direct sunlight and rain must be taken for (3) days after laying.¸Wood flooring installation:

The base layer must be prepared according to the design. In cases where wooden floor panels are directly attached to supports or spacers, these components must be securely fixed using screws or embedded into the floor.

Preparing the base layer

The surface of the base layer must be dry.

Preparation of wooden floor panels

Wooden floor panels must meet the design specifications regarding wood species, size, color, and moisture content. Wooden floor panels may be finished before or after laying.

Natural wooden floor panels must be inspected according to TCVN 4340: 1994.

Bonding materials must be of the correct type and quality as specified in the design. If the design does not specify, follow the manufacturer's requirements for the tiling material. For natural wooden floor panels, the bonding material may be nails or screws.

Preparation of bonding materials

Necessary tools for laying wooden floor panels such as hammer, drill, measuring tape about 3 meters, retractable ruler, plane, chisel, saw, broom, cleaning cloth, or measuring instrument must be prepared.

Tiling tools

Before laying natural wooden floor panels, the positions for spacers or screw placement must be marked on the base layer. The distance between spacers and screws depends on the size of the floor panels. If spacers are used, their surfaces must be flat and stable. Before bonding the floor panels to the base layer, ensure that the joints with adjacent panels are tightly fitted, then bond the floor panels to the base layer using nails or screws.

Tools must be complete and suitable for construction requirements for each operation. Damaged, old, worn-out tools that cannot ensure accuracy during construction shall not be used.

Tiling process

When laying synthetic wooden floor panels, the accompanying construction layers must adhere strictly to the manufacturer's instructions. Adhesive must be evenly applied at the edges of the panels, then the joints must be tightly fitted.

Finishing the tiling surface

If unfinished wooden floor panels are used, after laying, the surface must be planed smooth, sanded, and polished from coarse to fine, and finally coated with wax, varnish, or paint.

For pre-finished wooden floor panels, polishing or painting can be done immediately after laying.

Maintenance of the tiling surface

The tiling surface must be protected and not subjected to walking or impact during construction to avoid chipping, scratching, or loss of shine.

Installation of soft tiling sheets:

Soft tiling sheets may include synthetic plastic sheets, rolled plastic carpets, carpet sheets, or rolled carpets.

Preparation of the base layer:

The base layer must be hard, stable, flattened, and thoroughly cleaned according to the design.

When using adhesive or tape to attach plastic sheets or rolled carpets, the bonding surface must be ground flat and cleaned of dust before applying the adhesive.

Preparation of tiling sheets: tiling sheets must match the specified type, size, and color.

Bonding materials must be of the correct type and quality as specified in the design. If the design does not specify, follow the manufacturer's requirements for the tiling material.

Preparation of bonding materials

When using adhesive as a bonding material, it must be stored and used according to the manufacturer's requirements.

When laying floors with rolled plastic carpets, adhesive should be applied horizontally across the width of the carpet roll. Application is done in strips corresponding to the sheet width. The edge of the carpet roll must align with the standard edge, apply pressure firmly to the newly bonded area to ensure the plastic sheet adheres tightly to the base layer. Roll out the carpet roll further, pressing down with hand or rubber hammer to eliminate air bubbles and ensure tight fitting. Adjacent plastic sheets must be parallel and tightly joined without overlapping edges.

Tiling process

When using nails or trim to secure plastic sheets or carpets to the base layer, the sheets must be stretched taut before securing with nails or trim.

When laying floors with carpet sheets or plastic, the edges of adjacent sheets must be flush and tightly joined. Attention must be paid to arranging them according to the pattern.

5. Finishing work

Materials: Finishing materials must meet technical requirements concerning quality and color.

Technical requirements

Materials: Plastering materials must meet technical requirements regarding quality and color.

Base layer:

The base layer must ensure flatness, stability, adhesion with the surface material, and be cleaned of impurities. In cases where the base layer has depressions larger than 20mm in thickness compared to the surface layer, it must be filled with corresponding materials before surfacing. For areas protruding higher than the required base layer surface, leveling must be done before surfacing.

When dividing into grids or expansion joints, this work must be prepared before the surfacing process. If the design does not specify, then a (3¸4) cm expansion joint should be made by cutting across the surface layer, with the width of the expansion joint being (5¸8) mm, and upon completion, the expansion joint will be filled with elastic materials or self-sealing materials.

Before surfacing, the base layer and hidden parts (pre-buried details, waterproofing systems, technical systems, etc.) must be inspected and accepted.¼).

Quality of the surface layer:

The surface must meet the color requirements as specified in the design.

The tolerance on the surface shall not exceed the values required in Table 3.

Table 3 - Allowable Tolerances

 

 

For surfaces requiring coloring, depending on weather conditions, humidity, and air temperature, coloring can be performed after the final layer of mortar is laid. Coloring is done by evenly spreading a layer of cement powder or a thin layer of cement slurry and using a float or machine to smooth the surface. Coloring must be completed before the surface material sets.

In cases where the surface requires polishing, the polishing process using machinery is carried out simultaneously with patching local depressions and surface scratches. At the start of polishing, the surface material must have sufficient abrasion resistance strength.

Marking lines are executed after completing the surfacing work. The lines must be uniform in width, depth, and sharpness. If using a roller with anti-slip particles, roll immediately when the colored cement layer is still soft.

Occupational safety during surfacing:

Surfacing must comply with current regulations on occupational safety and fire prevention.

If using a surface smoothing machine for surfacing, workers must be trained in operating the machine before construction. Pay attention to electrical safety and prevent abrasive debris from flying and hitting the body.

Construction process

The base layer must be hard, stable, flattened, and thoroughly cleaned according to the design.

The base layer must be prepared according to the design. If the design does not specify, follow the manufacturer's requirements for the surface material. The base layer must be flat and stable.

The base layer must have adhesion, cleanliness, and moisture before surfacing.

In manual surfacing, reference points for the surfacing height must be affixed on the base layer surface, with intervals between points not exceeding 3m.

Preparation of surface materials:

Surface materials must be of the correct type, quality, and color. Mixing, usage, and storage of surface materials must comply with the manufacturer's requirements. Surface materials may include cement sand mortar or polymer mortar.

For surface materials that are mortar, follow TCVN 4314 : 1986.

Surfacing tools include trowels, grinding trowels, measuring tapes up to 3m, retractable rulers, level or surveying instruments, hand smoothing boards or machines, hammering boards, spiked rollers.

Conduct surfacing:

Evenly spread the surface material over the base layer surface, higher than the standard surfacing height reference points. Use a smoothing board to compact the surface material firmly and adhere it to the base layer. Use a measuring tape to flatten the surface to match the reference points. Then use a smoothing board to smooth the surface.

For large surface areas, machines must be used to smooth the surface. The machine smoothing process follows these steps: use a surveying instrument to position the machine's rail within the surfacing area, adjust the machine's feet to the appropriate height, supply surface material into the surfacing area, control the machine using a small roller and smoothing blade to smooth the surface.

For surfaces on concrete bases requiring increased surface hardness against wear, acid, etc., follow the design or technical requirements of the material manufacturer. If the design does not specify, follow this sequence: after pouring the concrete base, spread a surface hardening agent evenly after (1¸2) hours. Wait until the hardening agent skins over, then use a floor smoothing machine to polish the surface. After polishing, a protective coating can be sprayed.

For the final surface layer of cement sand mortar, the maximum size of aggregate particles shall not exceed 2mm, and the surface shall be smoothed according to the designed slope.

Maintenance:

In hot, dry weather, cover the surfaced surface with a moisture-retaining material after (1¸2) hours, and water it for 5 days.

Do not walk or subject the surfaced surface to strong impacts for 12 hours after surfacing.

For outdoor surfaced surfaces, sun protection and rainproof measures must be taken for (1¸3) days after surfacing.

6. Inspection and Acceptance

Inspection

The inspection of the quality of paving and surfacing works in construction projects follows a sequence and includes criteria listed in Table 4.

Table 4 - Objects, Methods, and Tools for Inspecting Paving and Surfacing Work

 

 

The paved (surfaced) surface must be flat, without bumps, depressions, height differences, and slopes exceeding the values in Tables 1 and 3.

The height difference between the edges of adjacent paving materials shall not exceed the value in Table 2.

The slope and direction of the paved (surfaced) surface must conform to the design. Any protrusions or depressions beyond permissible limits must be repaved (resurfaced).

The bonding strength and adhesion of the adhesive or surfacing material to the base layer are checked by lightly tapping the paved (surfaced) surface; if a hollow sound is heard, it must be peeled off and repaired.

For wooden paving, walking on it should not cause vibration or noise.

For flexible paving panels, the surface should not be bulging, wrinkled, curled at the edges, or show signs of slipping.

Acceptance

The acceptance of paving (surfacing) work is conducted on-site. The acceptance documentation includes:

Record of quality acceptance for paving (finishing) materials.

Record of quality acceptance for binding materials.

Records of foundation layer acceptance.

Completed design documents or finishing instructions in the construction project design documents.

As-built drawings of paving (finishing) work.

Construction diary.