Circular No. 04/2018/TT-BGTVT on ensuring technical fuel quality for aviation

CIRCULAR

Regulations on Ensuring Technical Fuel for Aviation

______________________

 Pursuant to the Civil Aviation Law of Vietnam dated June 29, 2006 and the Law Amending and Supplementing Certain Provisions of the Civil Aviation Law of Vietnam in 2014;

Decree No. Decision No. 12/2017/NĐ-CP dated February 10, 2017 của Chính phủ quy định chức năng, nhiệm vụ, quyền hạn và cơ cấu tổ chức của Bộ Giao thông vận tải;

At the proposal of the Director of the Science and Technology Department and the Director of the Civil Aviation Administration of Vietnam;

The Minister of Transport issues this Circular stipulating on ensuring technical fuel for aviation.

PART I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of Regulation

These regulations stipulate technical requirements for aviation fuel, aviation fuel storage systems, underground aviation fuel loading systems, aviation fuel transportation means, aviation fuel loading and suction equipment, and operations of aviation fuel systems to ensure safety and quality in the supply of civil aviation fuel in Vietnam.

Article 2. Applicability

These regulations apply to organizations and individuals related to the technical assurance and operation of aviation fuel systems in Vietnam.

Article 3. Interpretation of Terms and Abbreviations

1. Aviation fuel: is fuel used for aircraft powered by jet engines and propellers. Aviation fuel includes jet fuel for aircraft with turbojet engines, turboprop engines, and aviation gasoline for aircraft with piston engines.

2. Aviation fuel storage facility: is a place for receiving, storing, and distributing aviation fuel. Based on its function, aviation fuel storage facilities are classified into three types: refinery storage facilities, source storage facilities, intermediate storage facilities, and airport storage facilities.

a) Refinery storage facility: is a place for receiving, storing, blending, and distributing finished aviation fuel products to provide supplies for source storage facilities, intermediate storage facilities, or airport storage facilities.

b) Source storage facility, intermediate storage facility: is a place for receiving, storing, and distributing aviation fuel to provide supplies for airport storage facilities. Depending on their geographical location, source storage facilities and intermediate storage facilities are designed to receive fuel by sea, inland waterways, rail, road, or pipeline.

c) Airport storage facility: is a place for receiving, storing aviation fuel to directly load onto aircraft operated at airports.

3. Fuel filtration equipment

a) Two-stage filtration and separation equipment: is a two-stage filtration device to remove contaminants and water. The first stage (coalescing) removes contaminants, coalesces water, and separates the coalesced water from the aviation fuel; the second stage (separation) prevents these droplets from following the flow of aviation fuel and they will settle down in the bottom of the filter when left to stand and stabilize.

b) Absorption filtration equipment: is a filtration device containing absorption cores that continuously remove free water and contaminants from aviation fuel. With appropriate maintenance programs, absorption filtration will shut off the flow if the level of free water or contaminants in the aviation fuel system exceeds the permissible limit.

c) Fine filtration equipment: is a device designed to remove solid contaminants from aviation fuel, commonly used before the fuel/water separator (FWS) in high-dust environments to extend the life of the FWS cores.

4. Aviation fuel loading equipment: are mobile or fixed equipment used to transfer aviation fuel to aircraft. Aviation fuel loading equipment includes:

a) Loading trucks: are specialized vehicles equipped with fuel tanks and suitable technology systems to load aviation fuel onto aircraft or suction aviation fuel from aircraft.

b) Ground loading cabinets: are fixed ground loading devices equipped with loading hoses, flow meters, and auxiliary equipment.

c) Underground loading equipment: are mobile equipment used to transport aviation fuel from underground systems to aircraft, also known as self-propelled refueling trucks or towed refueling units.

5. Hand-held control device: is a hand-operated device used to start the flow of product and automatically shut off the flow if the hand-held control device is released. This device may be equipped with a periodic release feature to prevent the hand-held control device from stopping the loading process.

6. Emergency Shutdown Device (ESD)

a) Emergency shutdown device on loading trucks: is a device to stop the fuel pump system on loading trucks when activated. The emergency shutdown device is placed in positions easily visible and accessible from both sides of the truck and on the work floor.

b) Emergency shutdown device for underground loading systems: are emergency shutdown buttons (ESB) placed near (within 80 meters) the loading area. These buttons are arranged for easy visibility and accessibility.

c) Emergency shutdown device at aviation fuel storage facilities: are emergency shutdown buttons or switches for the entire system operation at the storage facility (pumps, valves, etc.). These buttons or switches are arranged to ensure easy visibility and accessibility.

7. Interlock lockout: is a safety device on loading equipment to prevent movement of the equipment.

8. Underground loading system: is a system allowing aviation fuel to be pumped directly from the airport storage facility through technological pipelines, self-propelled refueling trucks to the parking area for large-scale fuel loading onto aircraft.

9. Aviation fuel transportation means: are various transportation means meeting the technical requirements for aviation fuel transportation such as ships, barges, tanker trucks, railway tank cars, pipeline systems.

10. Joint Inspection Group (JIG): is an organization of international fuel suppliers. This organization was established with the aim of setting common standards related to storage tank equipment, loading equipment, and fuel quality control.

11. Fuel quality requirements for jointly operated systems: are the fuel quality requirements for jointly operated systems established by the joint inspection organization based on the strict standards of two specifications including the British Ministry of Defence Standard DEF STAN 91-091 and the American Society for Testing and Materials Standard Specification D1655.

12. Shipment certification: is a certificate confirming the technical compliance of aviation fuel according to technical requirements, this certificate is used in the transportation of aviation fuel and includes at least the following information: date and time of loading or transportation; type of fuel; batch number and specific volume of the fuel contained in the storage tank from which the shipment is made; quantity of the shipment transported; refinery quality certificate number or analysis certificate or retest certificate; conclusion that the batch meets all requirements regarding appearance and conductivity (in cases where static dispersant additive SDA is used) according to applicable quality standards; confirmation of absence of free water. The shipment certification must always clearly state the date of issuance and be signed by a responsible person.

13. Aviation fuel sample: is a portion of aviation fuel taken from one or more positions within a container, representing the aviation fuel at that position or the entire fuel in the container.

14. Captain's sample: is a representative sample of the cargo batch, taken at the port where the cargo is loaded onto the transport vessel, and sent along with the transport vessel carrying the aviation fuel.

15. Visual inspection: is an on-site inspection to confirm that aviation fuel meets technical requirements for visual inspection by eye, the aviation fuel must be correct in color and clear, bright, without impurities and undissolved water at the ambient temperature at the time of sampling.

16. Visual check: is a visual inspection combined with the use of chemical test equipment to confirm that aviation fuel does not contain water.

17. Comparative check: is a visual inspection combined with determining the specific gravity.

18. Filter paper test: is a method of testing solid contaminants in an aviation fuel sample by passing the aviation fuel through a filter, then weighing the filter (weight method) or comparing it to a standard color (color comparison method) to determine the level of contamination of the aviation fuel.

19. Safe refueling zone: are areas with a radius of at least three meters (ten feet) from the refueling positions and vent openings on aircraft, underground refueling pits, refueling vehicles, and in-use flexible hoses.

20. Aviation fuel refueling service company: is a business entity registered in the fields of production, trading in petroleum products, importing and exporting aviation fuel, and licensed to operate aviation services at airports.

21. Free water: also known as undissolved water appearing in the form of very small particles causing cloudiness in aviation fuel due to gravity, which can settle and form a layer of water at the bottom of the container.

22. Dissolved water: is water in a dissolved state in crude oil and petroleum products.

23. Safety cable: is a cable attached to the underground refueling pit valve during the operation of refueling aircraft to allow the refueler to pull the cable to close the valve in an emergency situation, thereby stopping the flow of fuel from the underground refueling system.

24. Drain point: are designated points located at the lowest positions on the pipeline system or containers, where significant amounts of contaminants and water will accumulate if these points are not regularly drained.

25. Pre-check valve: is a device used to test the operation of the fuel level control system on the refueling vehicle.

26. Recovery tank (fuel tank intended for reuse): is a small tank used to collect drain samples and fuel samples from similar fuel tanks, after quality testing, the drained product may be pumped back into the completed aviation fuel tank.

27. Abbreviations

a) AFQRJOS (Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems): fuel quality requirements for jointly operated systems;

b) API (American Petroleum Institute): American Petroleum Institute;

c) APU (Auxiliary Power Units): auxiliary aircraft engines;

d) ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials): American Society for Testing and Materials;

đ) DIEGME (Diethylene Glycol Mono Methyl Ether): anti-icing additive in fuel;

e) EI (Energy Institute): Energy Institute;

g) ESD (Emergency Stop Device): emergency stop device;

h) ESB (Emergency Stop Button): emergency stop button;

i) FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester): fatty acid methyl ester;

k) FSII (Fuel System Icing Inhibitor): fuel system icing inhibitor;

l) GPU (Ground Power Units): ground power units;

m) IATA (International Air Transport Association): International Air Transport Association;

n) ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization): International Civil Aviation Organization;

o) IP (Institute Petroleum): Petroleum Institute;

p) ISO (International Organization for Standardization): International Organization for Standardization;

q) IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission): International Electrotechnical Commission;

r) JIG (Joint Inspection Group): Joint Inspection Group;

s) JFTOT (Jet Fuel Thermal Oxidation Test): jet fuel thermal oxidation test;

t) LIA (Lubricity Improver Additive): lubricity improver additive;

u) MSEP (Micro Separation Parameter): water separation value;

v) SDA (Static Dissipater Additive): static dissipation additive;

x) MDA (Metal Deactivator Additive): metal deactivator additive;

y) SMSM (Safety Management System Manual): safety management system manual.

Chapter II

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

Section 1

Technical requirements for aviation fuel

Article 4. Technical standards for aviation fuel

1. Aviation turbine engine fuel Jet A-1 must meet the detailed requirements set out in the AFQRJOS catalogue of the JIG document.

2. Aviation gasoline (Avgas - 100 and 100LL) must comply with quality requirements according to the current versions of the two standards Def Stan 91-091 (UK) and ASTM D 910 (USA).

Article 5. Sampling for Quality Testing of Aviation Fuel

1. Sampling for quality testing must apply appropriate sampling procedures and equipment to ensure that the sample taken is representative of the product in the container.

2. Sampling for quality testing must comply with the requirements specified in ASTM D4057. Sampling tools and sample containers must conform to the corresponding test methods and ASTM D4306.

Article 6. Testing of Aviation Fuel Samples and On-Site Inspection

1. Testing methods must be conducted according to the test methods outlined in the AFQRJOS inspection catalogue.

2. Testing methods must correspond to the product quality standards (ASTM, IP test methods or methods prescribed in the quality standards for each type of fuel) stipulated in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

3. Test methods and sample quantities: the test methods and sample quantities for issuing quality certification must comply with the provisions set forth in JIG 1, JIG 2, EI/JIG 1530 or equivalent international standards stipulated in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

4. Microbiological testing and FAME content in aviation fuel

a) Microbiological testing of organisms growing in aviation fuel: must comply with the standards in JIG 1, JIG 2, EI/JIG 1530, evaluate acceptance levels and corrective actions according to the guidelines of microbiological test materials approved by IATA.

b) FAME content testing in aviation turbine fuel: must strictly control FAME contamination in aviation fuel throughout the supply chain, have quality assurance processes to increase control and reduce risks. In cases where control cannot be achieved through processes, testing must be conducted according to the latest JIG-Bulletin on permissible FAME limits. FAME content must be tested using methods approved according to the standards stipulated in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

5. On-site inspection includes: visual inspection; direct observation; comparative testing; filter testing, conductivity and temperature testing. The implementation of these types of inspections and the quantity of samples taken for such inspections must comply with the standards set forth in JIG 1, JIG 2, EI/JIG 1530 and the testing standards stipulated in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

Article 7. Testing Laboratories and Measuring Instruments

1. Testing laboratories must belong to organizations providing quality product and goods testing services, which have been granted registration certificates for quality product and goods testing activities by the Ministry of Science and Technology in accordance with government regulations on business conditions for conformity assessment services.

2. Quality testing equipment for aviation fuel must meet the following requirements: comply with the specifications of the test method for each parameter, calibrated or verified according to state regulations and manufacturer recommendations or laboratory usage procedures; have a usage history record including the following main contents: equipment name, country, manufacturer, date of commissioning, regular calibration or verification, repair history (if any).

3. Measuring instruments: measuring devices and tools used to quantify goods and services in the purchase and sale, payment of aviation fuel between organizations and individuals must be calibrated and verified according to legal metrology regulations.

Article 8. Requirements for Fuel Testing Documentation

1. Based on the results of each test, the laboratory shall issue a quality certificate for the sample tested. The storage location and retention period of the quality certificate must comply with the JIG documentation.

2. The laboratory must retain the original observation records, maintain a logbook recording the test results for each test of the sample, including the following main contents: date and time of testing, sample number, unit sending the sample (or sampling location), inspection criteria, standard limits, test results, evaluation (pass/fail), signature of the tester and inspector. If there are errors in the documentation, they must be marked out and the correct value noted beside them; erasing or removing them to make them unreadable is not allowed. All changes in the documentation must be confirmed by the person making the correction with their signature or initials.

3. Requirements for fuel quality certificates

a) Quality certificate of the oil refinery: issued when all tests have been conducted at the oil refinery, reflecting the applicable standards requirements for the tested product, test date, testing method, and test results. This certificate must indicate: the fuel component (% volume) of non-hydrogenated, mildly hydrogenated, and severely hydrogenated constituents; synthetic fuel component (if any); details about additive supplementation, including type and quantity according to the DEF STAN 91-091 or AFQRJOS standard list. The quality certificate must state the acceptable limits of test criteria and declare compliance with the applicable quality standards. The validity period of the oil refinery quality certificate does not exceed 180 days or 12 months if the product is stored in standard drums meeting fuel storage and preservation requirements.

b) Analysis certificate (Certificate of Analysis): issued by independent certification organizations and laboratories after aviation fuel has been shipped from the oil refinery, at intermediate storage locations where batches of aviation fuel may be mixed. This certificate reflects the measurement results for properties according to relevant technical requirements. It must include information identifying the oil refinery and the ability to trace the origin of the product, applicable standards; issuing laboratory; product identification information (batch number or identifier, tank number, quantity of fuel in the batch); tested items including standard limits. The validity period of the analysis certificate does not exceed 180 days or 12 months if the product is stored in standard drums meeting fuel storage and preservation requirements.

c) Re-certification Test Certificate: established to confirm that the quality of aviation fuel has not changed during distribution and remains within standard limits. Re-test criteria are specified in Appendix A11, A12 of the JIG documentation, and permissible change limits are defined in the current version of EI/JIG 1530, JIG 2. Test results for critical properties must fall within the maximum allowable deviation range from the previous analysis of the same batch. This certificate must include information on applicable standards; issuing laboratory; product identification information (batch number or identifier; tank number; quantity of each lot forming the new batch); tested items including standard limits. The validity period of the re-certification test certificate does not exceed 180 days or 12 months if the product is stored in standard drums meeting fuel storage and preservation requirements. This certificate is performed at the aviation fuel storage facility and must clearly state the issuance date and be signed by the responsible person.

d) Periodic Test Certificate: tests conducted on aviation fuel stored in the warehouse after six months without receiving new supplies to confirm that the aviation fuel meets technical standards and that the quality of aviation fuel has not significantly changed since the last inspection. Minimum test criteria are specified in the current version of EI/JIG 1530, JIG 2. This certificate is performed at the aviation fuel storage facility and must clearly state the issuance date and be signed by the responsible person.

Article 9. Fuel Additives Used in Aviation Fuels

1. Types of additives used in jet fuel include: anti-oxidant additives; static dissipative additives (SDA); metal deactivating additives (MDA); lubricity improving additives (LIA); fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII); microbial inhibitors in aviation fuels. The quality of these types of additives must comply with the standards specified in EI/JIG 1530.

2. General Provisions on the Use of Additives

a) Additives must be types accepted in aviation fuel technical standards, aircraft and engine manufacturers' technical standards. When receiving aviation fuel, documentation proving the type of additive used must be provided.

b) Additives must be stored and controlled according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

3. Provisions for Using Static Dissipative Additives

a) For oil refineries, the amount of additive mixed in must be recorded on the refinery's quality certificate. For additives mixed in when reprocessing batches at supply locations, the additional amounts must be recorded on the analysis certificate. When additives are added before shipment, the mixing amounts will be recorded on the shipping certificate.

b) Mixing static dissipative additives at aviation fuel storage facilities, upstream storage facilities: aviation fuel storage facilities must establish procedures and have the capability to control the quality of aviation fuel, ensuring safety during the mixing process in accordance with the provisions of EI 1530.

c) For airport storage facilities: direct mixing of static dissipative additives at airport storage facilities is not allowed. Adjusting conductivity must comply with the provisions of JIG 1, JIG 2.

Section 2

Technical Requirements for Aviation Fuel Storage Facilities

Article 10. Design, Construction, Renovation of Aviation Fuel Storage Facilities

1. Aviation fuel storage facilities, tanks, refueling stations, pipeline systems when designed, newly constructed, renovated, upgraded, or repaired must be implemented according to current technical standards, regulations, or equivalent international standards stipulated in the Appendix issued together with this Circular. In cases of airport storage facility construction or renovation, procedures must be carried out in accordance with the Ministry of Transport’s regulations on managing and operating airports.

2. Aviation fuel storage facilities must ensure the receipt of the planned quantity of goods and continuous distribution to meet business needs promptly, ensuring fuel quality and safety based on the principle that the tank being distributed must be completely independent from tanks stabilizing, waiting for distribution, and tanks receiving or waiting to receive fuel.

3. Aviation fuel storage facilities must have systems for handling waste, collecting and treating oil spills, water contaminated with oil, and these wastes must be treated in accordance with environmental protection and fire prevention regulations.

Article 11. Tanks, Bottom Drain Tanks, Reused Aviation Fuel Tanks

1. Aviation Fuel Tanks

a) Tanks must be designed according to national or international standards for aviation fuel tanks set forth in the Appendix issued together with this Circular. Tank information must be clearly marked as required in the JIG 2 document.

b) Requirements for tanks to control aviation fuel quality at upstream and transfer storage facilities: must comply with the current version of the EI/JIG 1530 standard or equivalent international standards stipulated in the Appendix issued together with this Circular. If there are differences between equivalent international standards and EI/JIG 1530, requirements outlined in EI/JIG 1530 must be applied.

c) Requirements for tanks to control aviation fuel quality at airport storage facilities: must comply with the current version of the JIG 2 standard or equivalent international standards stipulated in the Appendix issued together with this Circular. If there are differences between equivalent international standards and JIG 2, requirements outlined in JIG 2 must be applied.

d) For new tanks and tanks after major repairs, before being put into use, they must be soaked and tested according to the procedures stipulated in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

e) Inspection and cleaning of tanks: aviation fuel tanks must be inspected internally and cleaned according to the provisions in the EI/JIG 1530 and JIG 2 documents.

2. Bottom Drain Tanks

a) For airport storage facilities, design, installation, cleaning, maintenance of tanks must comply with design and installation standards and regulations in the JIG 2 and EI 1540 standards.

b) For upstream and transfer storage facilities, design, installation, cleaning, maintenance of tanks must comply with design and installation standards and regulations in the EI/JIG 1530 standard.

c) In cases where the factory is equipped with a drainage system, ensuring that bottom products are directly and completely discharged into the drainage pipeline system, this tank does not need to be installed.

3. Reused Aviation Fuel Tanks

a) Design and Installation of Tanks: reused aviation fuel tanks must comply with design and installation standards stipulated in JIG 2, EI 1540 (or EI/JIG 1530), the tanks must be clearly marked as "reused aviation fuel tanks" and must be cleaned regularly.

b) Aviation fuel intended for reuse from recovered tanks must undergo: visual inspection of samples drained from recovery tanks before being pumped into distribution tanks; external inspection of samples drained from recovery tanks before being pumped into storage systems for use as aviation fuel.

Article 12. Aviation Fuel Storage System

1. The aviation fuel storage facility must have a layout diagram showing the positions of tanks, receiving stations, dispensing stations, fuel supply pipeline systems, and identification marks for valves. This diagram must be placed in easily observable locations.

2. Pipeline technology within the storage facility

a) Pipelines within the storage facility must be designed according to the technical standards and regulations on aviation fuel storage facility design as stipulated in JIG 2 and EI 1540 or EI/JIG 1530. All pipelines must be marked with the name of the product and color code according to EI 1542 and have arrows indicating the direction of flow.

b) For upstream aviation fuel storage facilities, transfer facilities, and airports: separate intake and discharge pipeline systems must be installed.

3. Fuel reception and dispensing areas: the area for receiving aviation fuel from tanker trucks into the storage facility; the area for dispensing aviation fuel to tanker trucks for transportation and refueling vehicles must be designed in accordance with the specifications set forth in EI/JIG 1530 and JIG 2.

4. Fuel pump stations

a) Aviation fuel pump stations must be designed in accordance with the design specifications for fuel storage facilities. Each type of aviation fuel must have one or a group of independent intake pumps and discharge pumps that are separate from other fuel pumps. The number of intake and discharge pumps must be calculated based on the specific needs of each storage facility and must include backup pumps.

b) The electric motors of the pumps, the electrical system within the pump house, and within the storage facility must comply with the requirements for fuel storage facilities.

Article 13. Aviation Fuel Filtration Equipment

1. Installation of filtration equipment at fuel storage facilities

a) For refinery storage systems: a discharge filter must be installed for the road-based fuel discharge system according to the standard specified in EI/JIG 1530; for waterway discharge systems, the refinery may consider installing this filtration equipment based on actual conditions.

b) For upstream and transfer aviation fuel storage facilities: filtration equipment must be installed according to the standard specified in EI/JIG 1530.

c) For airport aviation fuel storage facilities: the intake and discharge technology systems of the storage facility must have aviation fuel filtration equipment according to the standard specified in JIG 2.

2. For small airports as defined in JIG 4, a single filtration device for receiving and dispensing to refueling trucks may be used: this filtration device must meet the standard EI 1581. To ensure the quality of aviation fuel, users must implement enhanced inspection measures for water and contaminants.

Section 3

Technical Requirements for Vehicles

Article 14. Road and Rail Vehicles for Transporting Aviation Fuel

1. Must comply with current technical standards and regulations for road and rail fuel transport vehicles, while also meeting the technical requirements for aviation fuel transport vehicles as stipulated in the standards EI/JIG 1530, JIG 2, or equivalent international standards attached as an appendix to this Circular.

2. Internal tank cleaning and inspection must be carried out in the following cases: when changing the type of fuel being transported, periodically, upon detection of contamination during transport, or after repair of the tanker truck according to EI/JIG 1530, JIG 2, or equivalent procedures attached as an appendix to this Circular.

3. For new vehicles, before putting the vehicle into operation, the tanks and technological systems of the vehicle must be soaked and tested according to the procedures specified in the appendix attached to this Circular.

Article 15. Marine and inland waterway vessels for transporting aviation fuel

1. Must comply with current requirements for marine and inland waterway liquid transport vessels, and must also meet technical requirements specified in EI/JIG 1530 for aviation fuel transport vessels.

2. Prior to transporting aviation fuel, the aviation fuel tanks must be cleaned and inspected according to the provisions in EI HM 50 and EI/JIG 1530, ensuring that it does not affect the quality of aviation fuel.

Article 16. Pipeline for transporting aviation fuel

1. The design, construction, testing, and operation of pipelines must comply with international standards set forth in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

2. Pipelines transporting aviation fuel to primary storage facilities, intermediate storage facilities, and airport storage facilities: allow receipt from multi-product pipelines. Pipeline operators must strictly adhere to the provisions in EI/JIG 1530 and JIG 2 regarding products that can be pumped, cannot be pumped, additives mixed, samples taken, and tested within multi-product pipelines.

3. When using water flushing before and after pumping aviation fuel, the receiving storage facility must have sufficient settling tanks and separation tanks to separate water and must meet capacity requirements for separating and filtering fuel after reception, without affecting the quality of aviation fuel.

4. The management unit of the pipeline system must have operational and maintenance procedures for the system and must have fire prevention and firefighting measures.

Section 4

Technical requirements for aviation fuel loading equipment

Article 17. General requirements for aviation fuel loading equipment

1. Design, technical, and installation requirements for loading equipment must comply with the provisions in JIG 1 or other equivalent international standards set forth in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

2. Filtration equipment: loading equipment must be installed with filtration devices. Requirements for inspecting, maintaining filtration equipment, and replacing filter cores are applied according to the provisions in JIG 1.

a) For jet fuel: use absorption filtration equipment according to the current standard EI 1583, or filtration and separation equipment according to the standard EI 1581 or other equivalent standards.

b) For aviation gasoline: use fine filtration equipment, absorption filtration equipment, or filtration and separation equipment.

3. Equipment on loading equipment: must be designed, installed, and inspected in accordance with the standards in JIG 1 and EI 1540.

Article 18. Fuel Loading Vehicles

1. Design, technical, and installation requirements must comply with the provisions in JIG 1 and EI 1540 or other equivalent international standards set forth in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

2. Aviation fuel loading vehicles must load fuel into tanks from the bottom using sealed filling ports. Fuel loading vehicles using bottom-filling systems must have automatic overfill protection systems based on preset levels, combined with pre-check mechanisms.

3. The type of fuel must be posted on both sides of the vehicle, at the control panel, and at fueling points. Warning signs such as "No Smoking," "No Mobile Phones," "Emergency Shutdown," "Hotline Number," "No Flames," and "Company Name" must be permanently affixed to the vehicle.

4. Inspection and cleaning of tanks: must comply with the frequency of tank inspection and cleaning as stipulated in JIG 1 and EI/JIG 1530.

5. For new fuel loading vehicles, and fuel loading vehicles after repair and maintenance related to compartments or technology pipelines containing Jet A-1 fuel, before putting the fuel loading vehicle into operation, the tanks and technology systems of the vehicle must be soaked and tested according to the procedures set forth in the Appendix issued together with this Circular.

Article 19. Fuel Supply Vehicles

1. Design, technical specifications, and installation must comply with the provisions set forth in JIG 1, EI 1540, and other equivalent international standards stipulated in the Appendix attached to this Circular.

2. At locations where multiple types of fuel are supplied through pipeline systems, the inlet pipes and valve pits must have corresponding pipe connectors.

3. The pull cords of valves at the fuel supply valve pits must be made from fire-resistant materials with sufficient strength (with internal steel mesh). These cords must have easily recognizable colors. The color of emergency equipment must differ from the color of static grounding cables on the vehicle.

4. Fuel supply vehicles for aviation and fuel supply valve pits must not have electrical connections. If pull cords are installed on reels mounted on the vehicle, these reels must be insulated from the vehicle. The insulation of the reels must be checked weekly using a resistance meter.

Chapter III

REQUIREMENTS FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF FUEL DURING OPERATIONS

Section 1

REQUIREMENTS FOR RECEIVING AND STORING AVIATION FUEL

Article 20. General Provisions on Receiving Aviation Fuel

1. Aviation fuel storage facilities must be prepared with sufficient capacity, technological systems, and equipment for receiving (sampling tools, quality and quantity checks, information) that meet technical requirements, and adequate personnel to receive transported fuel, ensuring quantity, quality, and timely availability for each flight.

2. Aviation fuel storage facilities must have sufficient reserve fuel of assured quality to supply when there is a need for refueling until new received fuel meets the conditions for distribution.

3. Aviation fuel must be received through:

a) A dedicated pipeline system for a single product type, free of water and impurities, without fuel leakage, with fuel stored in specialized tanks isolated from other types of fuel tanks.

b) For aviation fuel of the same type, the receiving and distribution technological systems must be independently separated from each other and from tanks when not receiving or distributing. Separate tanks must be maintained for tested and untested aviation fuel of the same type, and for batched and unbatched fuel.

c) Tanks and pumps used for receiving aviation fuel must be clean, free of water, impurities, and other types of fuel.

4. Quantity and quality of aviation fuel remaining in each tank must be verified before receiving additional new fuel. The quality of aviation fuel remaining in the tank must meet aviation fuel quality requirements. The quantity of aviation fuel remaining must be converted to volume units (at 15°C temperature condition) or calculated by weight (kg).

5. Aviation fuel must be received into each tank according to the storage facility's receiving plan, without causing fuel leaks or spills that pollute the environment and threaten fire safety; ensure that no water, impurities, or other types of fuel mix with aviation fuel during the receiving process.

6. Aviation fuel on transport vehicles must be inspected for seals, quantity, and quality before receiving. Only accept aviation fuel if it meets quality requirements and has not been contaminated, while also inspecting the transport vehicle before and after all aviation fuel has been received, ensuring no fuel loss occurs.

7. For airport storage facilities, the following inspections must be carried out:

a) After aviation fuel is received into tanks through completely separate systems, aviation fuel transported by specialized means must be cross-checked with aviation fuel in the tanks after the fuel in the tanks has stabilized according to regulations.

b) After aviation fuel is received into tanks through non-separate systems or multi-product pipelines, non-specialized tank trucks or inland waterway vessels, retesting must be conducted.

8. The manager of the receiving unit must be responsible for the quantity and quality of aviation fuel entering the storage facility, completing procedures to store and prepare for distribution of aviation fuel from newly received tanks.

9. Quality Records of Aviation Fuel

a) Aviation fuel directly shipped from oil refineries to receiving storage facilities must be certified by the refinery for each consignment. If the shipment comes from two different consignments, the quantity of each consignment must be clearly noted along with the certification.

b) Aviation fuel not directly shipped from oil refineries: must have a Quality Certificate from the refinery (valid for up to 180 days) and a Testing Analysis Certificate from the selling warehouse (if imported), or a Re-testing Certificate (if domestic) for each consignment. The supplier (consignment owner) or exporting warehouse must retain complete quality records for each consignment (imported or domestically produced). Before export, the quality record still in effect must be sent to the receiving warehouse via fax or email.

10. After aviation fuel is received into primary storage and transfer storage facilities through technological systems or specialized or non-specialized transport means, the fuel in the tanks must be allowed to stabilize, samples taken for quality testing in accordance with the provisions of EI/JIG 1530.

Article 21. Receiving aviation fuel by waterway (import and domestic transportation)

1. The upstream warehouse must complete the preparation for receiving before the fuel-carrying vessel arrives at the port to unload goods according to the time notified by the consignee, carrier, or maritime agent.

2. In the case of importing aviation fuel: the importer or the authorized person must complete customs procedures and notify the independent inspection organization to inspect the quantity and quality of the fuel according to the contract provisions.

3. The seller must prepare and send on board the fuel-carrying vessel all types of certificates and documents confirming the quantity and quality of the aviation fuel transported as follows:

a) A certificate of export confirming the type and quantity of aviation fuel loaded onto the vessel, including the quantity in each cargo hold. If the exported aviation fuel comes from two or more different lots, the quantity loaded onto the vessel from each lot and tank must be clearly stated.

b) An independent inspection organization's certification of the quantity of aviation fuel on the vessel at the unloading port.

c) Certifications of the quality of aviation fuel: as stipulated in Clause 9, Article 20 of this Circular, depending on whether the aviation fuel is directly or indirectly exported from the oil refinery.

d) For non-specialized vessels: after completing the fuel loading, a re-inspection of the composite sample taken from the cargo holds after sufficient fuel has been loaded onto the vessel must be conducted. The re-inspection results must be sent to the receiving warehouse before the transport vessel arrives to unload (the results can be sent via fax or email).

đ) Confirmation by the carrier regarding the type of fuel transported, and a cleaning logbook. The cleaning logbook must clearly state: the type of fuel transported, the cleaning process, the cleanliness test results, the time, and the confirmation by the person who performed the cleaning, the inspector, and the representative of the carrier.

e) Master's sample: after sufficient fuel has been loaded onto the vessel at the loading port, the seller must prepare the master's sample and seal it with the confirmation of the seller's representative, the carrier, and the independent inspection organization; hand over the sample to the independent inspection organization for storage. The minimum storage period is one month (if there is a dispute about the quality during the vessel's importation, the sample must be stored until the dispute is resolved). The master's sample will be inspected if there is a question about the quality of the aviation fuel at the unloading port.

4. Inspecting the vessel, quantity, and quality documentation of aviation fuel before receiving and inspecting the vessel, quantity, and calculating fuel loss after receiving: must comply with the provisions of Clause 6, Article 20 of this Circular and the EI/JIG 1530 standard.

5. Inspecting the quality of aviation fuel on the bunker vessel: before receiving, during the receiving process, and upon completion of receiving, must comply with the standards set out in EI/JIG 1530.

a) When recovering all aviation fuel in the technological system using the water pumping method, fresh water or suitable buffer water (neutral pH) must be used, not seawater, to push the aviation fuel. The exact timing of the appearance of the fuel-water mixture in the storage tanks must be monitored to transfer and receive into the separation tanks.

b) Aviation fuel in the separation tanks (if present) must be stabilized, impurities and water drained, and an external inspection carried out. If the quality meets the aviation fuel requirements, it must be pumped into the storage tanks of the same type.

Article 22. Receiving aviation fuel through pipelines

1. Preparation for receiving

a) Must comply with the provisions of Article 20 of this Circular;

b) Check the quality of incoming aviation fuel through documentation.

2. Aviation fuel quality documentation: the supplying unit and the aviation fuel storage facility must send to the aviation fuel storage facility the quality documentation of each batch in accordance with Clause 9 of Article 20 of this Circular.

3. Quality control of aviation fuel during and at the end of the receiving process: must comply with the provisions of EI/JIG 1530 and JIG 2.

Article 23. Receiving aviation fuel from railway tank cars and road tanker trucks into airport storage facilities

1. Preparation for receiving aviation fuel

a) Must comply with the provisions of Article 20 of this Circular.

b) Check the quantity and quality of aviation fuel remaining in the tanks before receiving new aviation fuel.

2. Before receiving aviation fuel into the airport storage facility, the following must be carried out according to Clause 9 of Article 20 of this Circular and the following requirements:

a) Certificates of re-inspection and certificates of dispatch for each batch and tank must be established for the entire receiving period.

b) For railway tank cars: if the transport vehicle is not specialized, there must be a detailed report copy on the cleaning of the tank car, about the goods transported previously, and the most recent change in transported goods must be checked before receiving aviation fuel.

3. Quality control of aviation fuel in railway tank cars and road tanker trucks before and after receiving: must comply with the provisions of EI/JIG 1530 and JIG 2. When checking documentation and certificates are not valid, the airport storage facility has the right to refuse to accept the goods.

Article 24. Periodic inspection during aviation fuel storage

The frequency and type of inspection during the storage process must comply with the provisions of EI/JIG 1530 and JIG 2.

Section 2

Requirements during distribution and

Article 25. General provisions for aviation fuel during distribution and transportation

Aviation fuel can only be distributed to transport vehicles and refueled when it meets the following requirements:

1. Correct type, quality in compliance with aviation fuel standards, free from contamination.

2. Aviation fuel in storage tanks must have sufficient time to stabilize after receiving, in accordance with the specified minimum stabilization period.

3. Water and impurities at the bottom of the storage tanks must be checked and drained.

4. During transportation, a certificate of dispatch must accompany the aviation fuel.

5. A copy of the manufacturer's quality certificate of the batch must accompany the initial transfer from the source storage facility or factory, and must also include a copy of the latest valid re-inspection certificate.

6. If the conductivity of Jet A-1 is lower than the permitted level, static dispersant additives must be added during the pumping transfer at the source storage facility.

Article 27. Distribution of aviation fuel to oil tankers and barges for transportation

1. Prior to transporting aviation fuel, the transport vehicle owner must ensure that the vehicle complies with Clause 2 of Article 15 of this Circular and is responsible for the quantity and quality of the product on the transport vehicle.

2. During the distribution process, the quality of aviation fuel must be controlled in accordance with the provisions of EI/JIG 1530.

3. Completion of distribution

a) Representatives of the distributing storage facility and the vessel seal the technological system and cover the cargo holds of the vessel. The distributing storage facility issues an export invoice and sends quality documentation along with the transport vehicle including: valid re-inspection certificate (or periodic inspection certificate), export certificate;

b) Captain's sample: the person responsible for the distributing storage facility prepares three samples and seals them with confirmation from the transport vehicle representative, the inspection organization representative (if any), and the delivering storage facility representative; the first sample is retained at the delivering storage facility for at least one month after the transport vehicle completes unloading, and is only tested if there is suspicion regarding the quality of aviation fuel during transportation; the second sample must be given to the ship captain for retention. The third sample is used for testing to confirm the quality of the products present on the vessel.

Article 27. Supply of aviation fuel to tanker trucks and railway tankers

1. Inspection of receiving equipment

a) Before transporting aviation fuel, the carrier must ensure that the vehicle complies with Clause 2 of Article 14 of this Circular; the certification of tank capacity measurement, registration, and circulation permit of the vehicle must be valid and effective.

b) The warehouse must inspect the technical condition and safety of the receiving equipment: the tank must not have been modified to change its capacity, must not have additional compartments or partitions causing air pockets, and must not have auxiliary pipelines that could cause fuel leakage during loading and unloading; it must be equipped with sufficient initial firefighting equipment and other safety devices.

2. Supply of aviation fuel to tanker trucks and railway tankers

a) Static grounding between the supply rack and the receiving equipment must be maintained before and throughout the process of loading aviation fuel into the vehicle to ensure safety.

b) Loading of aviation fuel into the tank through both closed and open systems (through the tank opening) must be carried out safely, steadily, and according to quality and quantity standards specified in standard EI/JIG 1530.

c) Discharge of contaminants and bottom water from the tank: this must be done in accordance with the time required for the equipment to stabilize and the inspection methods specified in EI/JIG 1530.

3. Completion of aviation fuel supply

a) Quality control checks on aviation fuel supplied must be conducted in accordance with standard EI/JIG 1530. All doors of the storage compartment at the supply point must be sealed.

b) At the supply point, the quantity of aviation fuel on the vehicle must be verified and confirmed by both the supplier and the recipient, and an invoice issued.

c) At the supply point, the latest valid quality certificate of the batch and the dispatch certificate must be prepared and sent along with the vehicle or delivered to the receiving warehouse. In case of transfer tanks, both dispatch certificates must be provided.

d) Any complaints from the recipient regarding the quantity and quality of supplied aviation fuel must be resolved before allowing the vehicle to leave the warehouse.

Article 28. Supply of aviation fuel to refueling vehicles

1. Ensuring the quality of aviation fuel supplied to refueling vehicles

a) Jet fuel supplied for aircraft refueling must meet the quality standards set forth in AFQRJOS of JIG as stipulated in the Appendix attached to this Circular.

b) Aviation fuel supplied for aircraft refueling must be inspected for quality in accordance with JIG 1 and JIG 2 regulations.

c) Supply of aviation fuel to refueling vehicles must be filtered through equipment as prescribed in Article 13 of this Circular.

2. Supply of aviation fuel to tanks and refueling vehicles

a) Static grounding between the supply rack and the refueling vehicle must be maintained before and throughout the process of loading aviation fuel into the vehicle; the fuel must not exceed the maximum allowable capacity of the tank to prevent overflow and ensure safety.

b) Aviation fuel must not be loaded into the refueling vehicle through an open system (the tank opening of the refueling vehicle).

c) Aviation fuel can only be loaded into the tank through a closed system: the automatic shut-off device, pipeline protection equipment, and tank vent valve must operate stably and accurately to prevent fuel overflow or pipeline damage due to sudden pressure increase when loading stops.

d) Supply of aviation fuel to refueling vehicles at airports through underground pipeline refueling systems must include preventive measures against fuel leaks and spills. Refueling vehicles may be equipped with two-level anti-overfill devices. If existing refueling vehicles are only equipped with single-level anti-overfill systems, aviation fuel can be loaded into the vehicle through the underground pipeline refueling system if there is a flow meter capable of pre-setting the amount of fuel dispensed, while recalculating the required fuel volume to set for the flow meter.

e) Drivers must follow the requirements for discharging contaminants and bottom water from the tank: the stabilization time and inspection methods specified in JIG 1 and JIG 2 standards to ensure that the aviation fuel refueled into the aircraft meets quality standards.

Section 3

Requirements for underground pipeline refueling systems

Article 29. Requirements for underground fueling systems to ensure aviation fuel quality

Design, installation, inspection, pressure testing, operation, and maintenance requirements for underground fueling systems to ensure aviation fuel quality during fueling must comply with the following technical standards: EI 1540; EI 1560; JIG 1, JIG 2 or equivalent international standards listed in the Appendix attached hereto.

Article 30. Requirements for new, repaired, or upgraded underground fueling systems

The provisions of JIG 2 and EI 1560 regarding pipeline filling, pipeline pressure testing, soaking, draining, and post-soaking aviation fuel testing must be implemented for newly installed underground fueling systems, as well as those that have been repaired or upgraded.

Chapter IV

SAFETY AND QUALITY CONTROL REQUIREMENTS WHEN FUELING OR DRAINING AVIATION FUEL FOR AIRCRAFT

Section 1

Fueling aviation fuel for aircraft

Article 31. Responsibilities of parties involved in fueling aviation fuel for aircraft

1. Responsibilities of airport operators

a) Must specify routes, lanes, and approach sequences for ground equipment serving aircraft.

b) Must develop safety measures for fueling in case of fuel spillage, fire, or explosion during fueling; ensure facilities, means, and personnel for firefighting and handling incidents related to fueling operations.

c) The aviation fueling company must cooperate with aircraft operators to establish positions, fueling plans, operational sequences, approach directions, and other regulations to ensure safe aviation fueling operations at airports.

2. Responsibilities of fueling personnel

a) Must be familiar with the fueling procedures, use of fueling equipment, and safety requirements when fueling aviation fuel onto aircraft.

b) Must be familiar with approach direction and speed regulations; ensure coordination with fueling vehicle operators during the approach and departure from the aircraft; ensure close cooperation with technical staff during the fueling process and draining aviation fuel from the aircraft.

c) Must have knowledge of fire prevention and firefighting safety. Must have knowledge of leak and spill handling during the aviation fueling process.

3. Responsibilities of fueling vehicle operators

a) Must move on the apron at a speed not exceeding 05 km/h in areas safe for aircraft on the ground; not exceeding 30 km/h outside such areas and in accordance with apron operating guidelines approved by competent authorities.

b) Must approach the aircraft head-on with an approach angle ensuring no collision with the aircraft if brakes fail. If reversing is necessary to approach the aircraft, a guide must direct the reverse movement until the vehicle stops; semi-trailer fueling trucks and trailer-mounted fueling trucks must not reverse to approach the aircraft; must check the brakes when leaving the parking position and when approaching the aircraft parking position (15 meters from the aircraft parking position).

c) Must not use mobile phones while operating the vehicle and during fueling operations.

d) When parked at the fueling position, the driver must not leave the cab before applying the parking brake.

4. Responsibilities of aircraft technical staff or aircraft commanders

a) Must inform fueling personnel if the leading edge or trailing edge flaps are open when fueling begins.

b) If the leading edge and trailing edge flaps remain open, must assist in positioning the fueling vehicle and moving it away from the aircraft.

Article 32. Refueling of Aircraft with Aviation Fuel

1. Position of the Refueling Vehicle on the Apron

a) The position for refueling aviation fuel on the left wing of the aircraft when viewed from the tail of the aircraft shall be given priority.

b) The refueling vehicle may only approach the aircraft once it has come to a complete stop, chocks have been placed, main engines have been turned off, and warning lights have been extinguished, except in cases where the aircraft requires support equipment to turn off the engines.

c) The position of the refueling vehicle must not obstruct access to the cabin door and cargo hold door. The refueling vehicle must not face directly towards the engine of the aircraft and must not interfere with the operations of other apron service vehicles.

d) The refueling vehicle must park at the designated position according to the standard ground equipment service diagram; avoid any possibility of collision with any part of the aircraft or other ground service vehicles while moving into (or out of) the refueling position; flexible hoses of the refueling vehicle and transfer fuel hoses must be neatly arranged to minimize the risk of luggage transport vehicles or collisions with other aircraft service vehicles causing damage; the refueling vehicle must not be obstructed by other equipment to ensure rapid movement away from the aircraft in case of emergency.

đ) The refueling vehicle must park at least three meters outside the exhaust flow of the aircraft's engine and the APU exhaust flow or other hazardous areas.

e) When the refueling vehicle parks under the wing of the aircraft, the operator of the refueling vehicle must take into account the possibility of the aircraft sinking due to the weight of aviation fuel, cargo, and passengers to prevent the wing, fuel filler cap, or other parts from colliding with the refueling vehicle.

g) When refueling the aircraft, if the aircraft is lowering its flaps (before and after), the operator of the refueling vehicle must consider the distance between the refueling vehicle and the flaps being lowered, ensuring that there is supervision when approaching and leaving the refueling position.

2. Connection of Static Electricity Transmission and Grounding Between the Refueling Vehicle and the Aircraft

a) The aircraft, the refueling vehicle, and the right-wing flexible hoses must be electrically connected during refueling to ensure there is no potential difference between the vehicles.

b) Static electricity transmission between the refueling vehicle and the aircraft must be established before installing the refueling hose or opening the fuel filler cap of the aircraft. Maintain the connection until all refueling hoses have been removed or the aircraft's fuel filler cap has been closed.

c) The refueling vehicle must not be grounded during the refueling of aviation fuel for the aircraft.

3. Cases Where Refueling of Aviation Fuel for the Aircraft is Not Permitted

a) During thunderstorms, lightning, or other threats to the safety of refueling. Refueling work using the apron shall not be carried out when wind speed exceeds 40 knots (74 km/h).

b) There is leakage of aviation fuel in the refueling area, on the aircraft, on the refueling vehicle, in the fuel pipeline system, or at the connections where fuel is leaking.

c) There is no quick escape route for the refueling vehicle in case of emergency.

d) The refueling vehicles do not meet the technical requirements stipulated in Articles 17, 18, and 19 of this Circular. Connections to the battery terminals or grounding cables of the refueling vehicle are not tight; the refueling vehicle and the aircraft are not grounded.

đ) The aircraft is undergoing maintenance of its flaps.

e) Refueling of aviation fuel for the aircraft in the hangar can only be carried out with the permission of the aviation authority.

4. Regulations on Quality Inspection of Aviation Fuel Before Refueling

a) Aviation fuel loaded onto the aircraft must ensure that it contains no water or impurities, is of the correct type, meets quality standards according to the requirements of AFQRJOS, JIG documentation, and must have valid fuel quality certification.

b) Sampling and testing of fuel quality on the apron, draining impurities and water from the refueling vehicle according to the provisions of JIG 1 documentation. In cases where the airline requests sampling, the refueler must clarify with the airline representative about the reasons for the sample check; the method of sample checking that the airline will conduct; two samples (sealed and labeled) one sample sent to the airline, the remaining sample stored at the refueling company.

5. Regulations to Ensure Safety During and After Refueling

a) During refueling of aviation fuel for the aircraft, the refueler must be in a position to clearly observe the control panel of the refueling vehicle and the aircraft's fuel filler cap; use a handheld controller to refuel, do not use objects to wedge open the handheld controller; observe and check for fuel leaks; pressure differences on the filter and other technical parameters.

b) Refueling must be immediately stopped if there is a fuel leak or if the pressure difference on the filter increases or decreases more than 34.5 kPa (5 psi) compared to the most recent measurement under equivalent flow conditions.

c) During the refueling of aviation fuel, no maintenance activities that could affect the safety of aircraft fuel refueling should be carried out.

d) Mobile phones must not be used in the refueling safety zone.

đ) Spilling of aviation fuel must not occur during refueling. If aviation fuel spills, the refueler must stop refueling and clean up the spilled fuel using oil-absorbent tools on the refueling vehicle. If the spilled fuel covers an area larger than four square meters, fire-fighting personnel must be requested to clean it up.

e) While refueling aviation fuel for the aircraft, actions such as turning the aircraft's power supply on or off, using devices that generate electrical sparks; electrical testing of equipment and systems on the aircraft; warming up the engine; using open light sources to check the refueling process must not be performed.

g) While refueling aviation fuel for the aircraft, vehicles operating within a fifteen-meter radius of the aircraft must not start their engines.

h) Smoking is prohibited in the refueling area.

i) After completing the fueling process: before leaving the aircraft, the fueling personnel must conduct a final inspection around the fueling equipment and the aircraft's fuel tank caps (a 360-degree walk) to ensure that the aircraft's fuel tank caps are securely closed, the fueling equipment has been completely disconnected from the aircraft, and all parts of the equipment have been properly stowed.

k) The operator of the fueling equipment and the fueling personnel must closely coordinate when operating the equipment to leave the aircraft according to the prescribed procedures.

l) Maintain the static grounding connection between the aircraft and the fueling vehicle throughout the fueling process and after its completion, and disconnect all connections between the fueling vehicle and the aircraft.

6. Fueling of aircraft with wing-mounted fueling vehicles: In addition to the provisions of Article 31 of this Circular, compliance with the current version of JIG 1 regulations regarding the positioning of fueling equipment under the wings of the aircraft must be observed; determine a safe height clearance to avoid collision between the fueling equipment and the aircraft during approach and when the aircraft is fully loaded.

7. Fueling of aircraft with wing-mounted fueling vehicles: In addition to the provisions of Article 31 of this Circular, compliance with JIG 1 regulations for fueling personnel on the use of fueling probes; procedures for connecting and installing fueling probes into the aircraft's fuel tank filler ports to ensure safety must be followed.

8. Fueling of aircraft with wing-mounted fuel transfer vehicles: In addition to the provisions set forth in Article 31 of this Circular, the fueling personnel must comply with JIG 1 regulations concerning the verification of the type of aviation fuel marked in the fuel tank plug and the fuel transfer vehicle prior to connecting the hose; the connection between the submersible valve and the fuel transfer vehicle; the connection of the static grounding cable to the aircraft; sampling and testing of the aviation fuel sample.

9. Fueling of aircraft with wing-mounted fuel transfer vehicles

a) It is not allowed to fuel aircraft from the wing-mounted fueling system through fuel transfer vehicles due to high pressure which may cause leakage or overflow, except as provided in Point b of this Clause.

b) Fueling of aircraft from the wing-mounted fueling system through fuel transfer vehicles can only be conducted when the fuel transfer vehicles are designed to be able to fuel from the wing-mounted fueling system and do not have emergency release mechanisms installed.

c) All processes of fueling aircraft from wing-mounted fuel transfer vehicles must be carried out by two personnel according to the procedure, with one person holding the hand control and the pull cord of the fuel tank plug throughout the fueling process.

Article 33. Extraction of aviation fuel from aircraft fuel tanks

1. Companies providing aviation fueling services must have the necessary equipment available for immediate use in cases where airlines require extraction of aviation fuel from aircraft for weight adjustment or maintenance of the aircraft or other reasons.

2. The extraction of aviation fuel from aircraft shall be carried out after a written agreement (contract, fax, or email) has been reached between the company providing aviation fueling services and the airline requesting the extraction. The extraction of aviation fuel from aircraft must ensure safety; the quality of the aviation fuel must be controlled according to the guidelines of JIG1 or equivalent international documents attached as an appendix to this Circular.

Section 2

Special cases of fueling or extraction of aviation fuel

Article 34. Refueling of aviation fuel for special aircraft flights

1. Refueling of aviation fuel for Vietnam's special aircraft shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the law on ensuring special aircraft flight operations.

2. Refueling of aviation fuel for foreign special aircraft at Vietnamese airports: shall be carried out according to the requirements of the representative of the country owning the special aircraft and in accordance with the provisions of the law on ensuring special aircraft flight operations.

Article 35. Refueling of aviation fuel in special cases

1. Special refueling cases

a) Refueling or suctioning aviation fuel when passengers are boarding, disembarking, or on board the aircraft.

b) Refueling when the auxiliary power unit (APU) of the aircraft is operating.

c) Refueling when the ground power unit (GPU) for the aircraft is operating.

d) Refueling when an engine of the aircraft is operating.

đ) Refueling when the aircraft's air conditioning system is operating.

e) Refueling of aviation fuel inside hangars for aircraft.

2. The refueling of aviation fuel in the cases specified in Clause 1 of this Article must strictly comply with the regulations and procedures set forth in Document JIG 1 or corresponding international documents attached as an appendix to this Circular.

Article 36. Refueling of aviation fuel when the aircraft is illegally interfered with

1. Airports and airport operators must develop plans to organize services for aircraft that have been illegally interfered with, including refueling of aviation fuel according to the requirements in the case of illegal interference; these plans must be adjusted and supplemented annually and notified in writing to aviation fuel supply companies and refueling service providers at the airport.

2. In the event of refueling aviation fuel for aircraft that have been illegally interfered with, it must be carried out in accordance with the decision of

3. The Commander shall coordinate and direct the forces directly implementing the plan to counteract illegal interference with aircraft at the scene and shall have the following responsibilities:

3. The head of the operation command coordinating the forces directly implementing the countermeasures against illegal aircraft interference at the scene has the following responsibilities:

a) Coordinate with the airline to designate the company providing the refueling service for the aircraft, which may mobilize military forces to perform the refueling.

b) Determine the organization responsible for paying for the refueling: aviation fuel costs, refueling service fees, and compensation for any damage incurred.

c) Notify in writing the designated refueling service company about the implementation plan.

d) Develop a plan to ensure the safety of lives of those serving refueling, passengers, and the aircraft crew. Inform the illegal intruders about the amount of aviation fuel, equipment, personnel, and attire for identification, and the time of refueling.

đ) Appoint experienced personnel to handle operational management activities during refueling; all service staff and supervisors must follow the instructions of the person managing the refueling activity.

4. Aviation fuel refueling service companies must develop a "Refueling Process for Illegally Interfered Aircraft" and conduct annual training on this process for refueling staff. Upon receiving notification of refueling for illegally interfered aircraft, the refueling service company must proceed with the following steps:

a) Implement emergency response measures against illegal interference, under the command of the head of the operation command coordinating the forces directly implementing the countermeasures against illegal aircraft interference at the scene;

b) Appoint experienced personnel to supervise the refueling and select experienced personnel to perform refueling tasks for illegally interfered aircraft. If the supervisor and refueling staff are not proficient with the aircraft's fuel system, technical staff proficient in the work must be assigned to assist in refueling.

c) Prepare sufficient aviation fuel and equipment for refueling illegally interfered aircraft.

d) Report in writing to the head of the operation command coordinating the forces directly implementing the countermeasures against illegal aircraft interference at the scene about the quantity of aviation fuel, equipment, and personnel involved in refueling; report to the direct superior management authority on the decision to provide refueling services for illegally interfered aircraft, the resolution plan, and the implementation schedule.

đ) Before moving the refueling equipment to refuel illegally interfered aircraft, the refueling service company must take two samples of aviation fuel from the refueling vehicle at the fuel depot (two liters per sample), not from the aircraft. Seal the samples and store them at the refueling service company and at the airline.

Article 37. Handling in cases where accidents to aircraft may be caused by aviation fuel

1. In case of incidents during refueling: all damages to the aircraft occurring during the refueling process must be reported immediately to the representative of the airline. If the refueler causes damage or leakage of the aircraft's fuel inlet during the refueling of aviation fuel, the airline representative must be notified in writing at the earliest time, with details including the aircraft identification number and flight number.

2. Handling in cases where accidents to aircraft may be caused by aviation fuel:

a) The company providing aviation fuel refueling services shall cease refueling until the cause has been clarified.

b) The company providing aviation fuel refueling services must seal the fuel storage tank, refueling vehicle, or technological system supplying fuel to the aircraft involved in the accident until the cause of the accident is clarified; prepare all necessary sampling tools and fuel sample containers; seal and hand over all fuel samples from the refueling vehicle to the Aircraft Accident Investigation Commission established by the Government's decision; cooperate with the Accident Investigation Commission established by the Government's decision to investigate and clarify the cause of the accident;

c) The manager of the aviation fuel refueling equipment must immediately report the accident or incident involving the aircraft to the competent authority (if any), relevant customers (airlines), airport operators, and Civil Aviation Authority according to the following information: name and location of the airport; date and time of the accident or incident; airline with the affected aircraft; type of aircraft, aircraft registration number; flight number; details about the accident or incident: summary and clear description; number of casualties or injuries; details about the aviation fuel on the aircraft before and after the accident or incident;

d) The company providing aviation fuel refueling services must take samples, seal, and label at the relevant storage tanks and refueling vehicles. Each container must have labels with the following information: name of the airline representative; signature of the airline representative; related airline; date and location where the sample was taken; product type; vehicle or storage tank number and sampling point (filter outlet or storage tank pipeline);

3. Taking samples when aviation fuel is the cause of an accident or incident involving the aircraft

a) Take four samples of aviation fuel (2.5 liters/sample) from the outlet after the filter of the refueling equipment. The sample container must be rinsed carefully at least three times with the product to be sampled; especially for MSEP testing. Samples are taken from the refueling equipment and storage tank depending on the actual situation.

b) If hydraulic fluid or oil is added, four samples of hydraulic fluid or oil must be taken. Sample quantities are as follows: oil 2 liters/sample; hydraulic fluid 1 liter/sample. Sample containers made of tin coated with epoxy must be carefully rinsed before taking samples.

Chapter V

REQUIREMENTS FOR TRAINING, EDUCATION, SAFETY, SECURITY, AND INCIDENT HANDLING IN AVIATION FUEL STORAGE FACILITIES

Section 1

Training, education, safety, and security in aviation fuel storage facilities

Article 38. Training and Education

1. The company providing aviation fueling services must develop plans and organize annual or regular training and education for all staff to handle potential emergency situations related to:

a) Fuel leakage and spill incidents;

b) Technical equipment malfunctions during operations;

c) Fire extinguishing in warehouses and adjacent areas;

d) Work-related accidents;

đ) Evacuation guidance.

2. The training and education plans must be specific and closely aligned with daily work realities; clearly assign tasks and actions for each department and individual within the aviation fueling service company. After each training session, lessons learned should be reviewed and the plan adjusted to effectively manage potential emergencies.

3. For personnel involved in aviation fueling, storage, and quality control technicians, the aviation fueling service company must develop initial training plans and ongoing training during their employment.

Article 39. Safety Requirements

1. Electrical safety and lightning protection systems

a) Regularly inspect the technical condition of technological equipment and electrical devices according to the manufacturer's recommendations; regularly check the grounding resistance of static electricity discharge systems and lightning protection systems. Grounding resistance of static electricity discharge systems and lightning protection systems must comply with current standards. Any abnormal signs must be immediately rectified and reported in writing to the leadership of the aviation fueling service company.

b) Aviation fuel warehouses must be equipped with emergency shutdown systems; safety warnings during work must be prominently displayed.

2. Labor safety Workers must be adequately equipped with knowledge to perform their duties; provided with appropriate labor tools and protective gear as stipulated in JIG 1 documentation.

3. Fire prevention and explosion safety

a) Aviation fuel warehouses must obtain a fire safety certificate from the state management agency responsible for fire prevention and firefighting.

b) Aviation fuel warehouses must prepare risk assessment reports and develop emergency response plans with specific scenarios and regularly conduct training exercises based on these situations.

4. During operation, aviation fuel supply and fueling enterprises must establish a safety management system. The safety management system of the aviation service provider must at least include the following items:

a) Safety policies and objectives;

b) Risk management activities;

c) Safety assurance activities;

d) Safety promotion activities.

Article 40. Security

1. The warehouse manager and the aviation fueling service company have the responsibility to ensure the appropriate deployment of equipment to protect personnel, assets, and equipment operations.

2. Aviation fuel warehouses must be protected against unauthorized access. The fence system must meet aviation security standards to prevent theft of aviation fuel, equipment, and contamination of aviation fuel with foreign substances.

3. Unattended vehicles must have their keys removed. Security assurance measures including the use of protective equipment, perimeter fence inspections, alarm systems, and valve lock conditions must be evaluated.

4. The security regulations of the aviation fueling service company must be approved by the Civil Aviation Administration of Vietnam in accordance with detailed provisions of the Civil Aviation Security Program and civil aviation security quality control.

Section 2

Emergency Response Procedures for Critical Incidents

Article 41. Emergency Situations

1. The company providing aviation fueling services and the manager of the storage facility must calculate potential emergency situations that may occur and develop response plans.

2. Emergency situations that need to be considered include:

a) Equipment failure affecting the operation of the storage facility and aircraft refueling;

b) Power outage;

c) Fuel spill;

d) Accidents causing serious injury to employees, operators, or third parties;

đ) Terrorist activities, bombing, rioting;

e) Issues related to fuel quality;

g) Aircraft accidents where the cause may be attributed to fuel;

h) Fire.

Article 42. Reporting and Investigating Incidents and Accidents

1. Types of incidents are defined as follows:

a) Incidents affecting operations: fuel quality issues, emergency shutdowns, fuel type errors; aircraft damage caused by collisions with fueling equipment or parts of the fueling vehicle being the cause of aircraft damage;

b) Incidents affecting the environment: more than 20 liters of fuel spilling into the environment (water and soil), more than 150 liters of fuel spilling from containers (but not affecting water and soil environments), aircraft fuel spills, wastewater flowing into the environment, or fuel vapor exceeding the limits set by current national or basic standards;

c) Incidents affecting safety and health: causing death or work-related injuries.

2. Reporting and investigating incidents and accidents

a) Initial report: for incidents and accidents involving people, storage tanks, and equipment as specified in Clause 1 of this Article, the manager of the aviation fueling equipment must immediately submit a written report to the leadership of the company providing aviation fueling services, airport operators, and the Civil Aviation Authority regarding the accident or incident, and these reports must be sent within 24 hours via fax or email.

b) Preliminary report: a comprehensive investigation must be conducted to identify both direct and indirect causes of the accident. A preliminary report is required within seven days from the date of the incident. This report should detail initial findings and indicate initial causes. It should also include proposed corrective and preventive actions. The written report must be submitted to the leadership of the company providing aviation fueling services, airport operators, and the Civil Aviation Authority.

c) Interim report: must be requested at least three months after the completion of the incident investigation. The interim report must state the fundamental causes of the incident and the status of corrective actions. The written report must be submitted to the leadership of the company providing aviation fueling services, airport operators, and the Civil Aviation Authority.

d) Final investigative report: must be published to show that corrective actions have been implemented. The written report must be submitted to the leadership of the company providing aviation fueling services, airport operators, and the Civil Aviation Authority.

đ) In cases where the unit has an SMSM system, reporting and investigating incidents and accidents shall be carried out according to the SMSM system regulations.

3. For avoidable incidents, minor incidents, and risks

a) The company providing fueling services must immediately investigate and submit a report to the leadership of the company providing aviation fueling services, airport operators, and the Civil Aviation Authority through fax or email within 24 hours after the incident occurs. The report must be completed within 48 hours after the incident.

b) The company providing fueling services must establish a system ensuring that employees can immediately report avoidable incidents and risks.

c) The investigation must be conducted by trained personnel with relevant practical experience. There must be an investigation process to determine the root causes of incidents and avoidable incidents.

4. In cases of incidents threatening safety: the company providing aviation fueling services must immediately notify the airline representative in writing, detailing the aircraft number and flight number, and all damages to the aircraft occurring during the aviation fueling process.

Article 43. Environmental Protection

Enterprises supplying and refueling aviation fuel shall be responsible for:

1. Preparing environmental impact assessment reports or environmental protection plans in accordance with the Government's regulations on environmental protection planning, strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment, and environmental protection plans;

2. Developing oil spill response plans and complying with the Oil Spill Response Operation Regulations issued together with the Decision of the

Section 3

 Risk Control, Assessment and Management of Changes

Article 44. Risk Control and Assessment

1. The managers of warehouses and enterprises providing refueling services must identify potential hazards that could cause harm or damage to people, property, the environment, or reputation, and systematically assess risks. Risk assessments must be conducted by authorized persons using appropriate methods or tools and must be reviewed according to a defined cycle.

2. To control risks, employees must be monitored and supervised when entering work systems related to tasks such as maintenance, repair, inspection, testing, construction, dismantling, adjustment, modification, cleaning... The following hazards are considered:

a) Entering underground fueling well valves, tanks, and other confined spaces with harmful substances;

b) Hot work - work where heat is used or generated (such as welding, flame cutting, grinding...) or may produce sparks or other ignition sources;

c) Working at heights;

d) Working on high-voltage electrical equipment or other electrical work that may pose danger;

e) Cranes and lifting operations;

f) Technological exploration equipment.

3. The managers of warehouses and enterprises providing refueling services must assess security risks according to operational procedures and security management plans already established. A risk control and assessment system must be in place to receive notifications of changes in security threat levels (from national, local authorities, civil aviation authorities, refueling service enterprises).

Article 45. Change Management

Potential dangers to people, property, the environment, and reputation must be assessed by the managers of warehouses and enterprises providing refueling services, and appropriate actions taken to manage these dangers. Changes in the following items must be assessed for potential dangers:

1. Factories and storage facilities;

2. Equipment;

3. Hardware or software;

4. Operational processes;

5. Operational procedures;

6. Design and construction;

7. Maintenance procedures;

8. Composition or characteristics of materials;

9. Organizational structure and responsibilities;

10. Training requirements and staff capabilities;

11. Legal requirements and regulations.

Chapter VI

EFFECTIVE DATE AND IMPLEMENTATION

Article 46. Effective Date

1. This Circular takes effect from April 15, 2018, replacing Circular No. 38/2014/TT-BGTVT dated September 5, 2014, of the Minister of Transport on technical assurance of aviation fuel in Vietnam.

2. In case the legal documents, standards, and technical regulations referred to and applied in this Circular are amended, supplemented, or replaced, the amended, supplemented, or replaced documents shall apply.

Article 47. Implementation organization

1. The Vietnam Civil Aviation Authority shall be responsible for implementing this Circular, and reporting to the Ministry of Transport on any issues or difficulties arising during implementation.

2. The Heads of the Ministry's Office, the Inspectorate, the Department Heads, the Director of the Vietnam Civil Aviation Authority, the Heads of agencies, organizations, and individuals related to this matter shall be responsible for enforcing this Circular./.