Decision No. 112-LS/CNR Issuing Technical Regulations for Planting Caribbean Pine (Pinus Caribaea) Forests (Technical Regulation No. 13-90)

 

Pursuant to …;

ISSUED BY THE MINISTRY OF FORESTRY REGARDING TECHNICAL REGULATIONS FOR PLANTING CARIBBEAN PINE (PINUS CARIBAEA) (QPN 13 - 90)

THE MINISTER OF FORESTRY

BASED ON THE PROVISIONS, TASKS, RIGHTS, AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE MINISTER AND THE FUNCTIONS OF THE MINISTRY IN CERTAIN DOMAINS OF STATE ADMINISTRATION AS STATED IN DECREE NO. 35/CP OF SEPTEMBER 2, 1981, ISSUED BY THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS.
BASED ON THE INTERIM CHARTER ON THE STUDY, DEVELOPMENT, REVIEW, ISSUE, AND MANAGEMENT OF TECHNICAL REGULATIONS USED IN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION, AS STATED IN DECREE NO. 124/CP OF AUGUST 24, 1963, ISSUED BY THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS.
BASED ON THE CONCLUSIONS OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COUNCIL (SUB-COMMITTEE ON FORESTRY BIOLOGY) AT THE MEETING ON FEBRUARY 9, 1990.
PURSUANT TO THE PROPOSALS OF THE HEAD OF THE PAM 3352 PLANTATION PROGRAM, THE DIRECTOR OF THE FORESTRY BIOLOGY AND WOOD INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT, THE DIRECTOR OF THE TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT.

Pursuant to …;

Article 1: NOW ISSUES THE TECHNICAL REGULATIONS FOR PLANTING CARIBBEAN PINE (PINUS CARIBAEA).

Article 2: THESE REGULATIONS APPLY TO FOUR PROVINCES WITH PLANTATION PROJECT PAM - 3352 VINH PHU, HA NOI, BAC THAI, AND HA SON BINH, AND SIMILAR PROVINCES WITH SIMILAR GEOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS.

Article 3: THE CHIEF OF THE OFFICE, DIRECTORS OF THE FORESTRY BIOLOGY AND WOOD INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT, THE TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT, THE ORGANIZATION AND LABOR DEPARTMENT, THE PLANNING DEPARTMENT, THE ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE DEPARTMENT, THE PEOPLE'S FOREST INSPECTION CIRCULAR, THE FOREST INVESTIGATION AND PLANNING INSTITUTE, THE VIETNAMESE FORESTRY SCIENCE INSTITUTE, THE DIRECTOR OF THE FORESTRY UNIVERSITY, THE DIRECTOR OF THE FORESTRY HIGH SCHOOL, AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE FORESTRY TECHNICAL COLLEGE. THE DIRECTORS OF THE FORESTRY DEPARTMENTS AND THE HEADS OF THE PAM - 3352 PROJECT IN THE FOUR PROVINCES MENTIONED IN ARTICLE 2 ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR IMPLEMENTING THIS DECISION.

 

 

TECHNICAL REGULATIONS

FOR PLANTING CARIBBEAN PINE (PINUS CARIBAEA)

IN THE 4 PROVINCES OF THE PAM - 3352 REGION (QPN13-90)
(ISSUED PURSUANT TO DECISION NO. 112-LS/CNR OF FEBRUARY 26, 1990)

Chapter I:
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1:

THESE REGULATIONS PROVIDE PRINCIPLES, REQUIREMENTS, AND TECHNICAL CONTENT FOR PLANTING CARIBBEAN PINE FROM SEEDLING GROWING, PLANTING, CARE, AND NURTURE UNTIL HARVESTING WOOD PRODUCTS AND RAW MATERIALS FOR PAPER AND FIBER INDUSTRIES WITH A CYCLE OF 10 TO 12 YEARS FOR PAPER WOOD AND OVER 30 YEARS FOR LARGE WOOD. YIELD OF 10-12M³/HA/YEAR.

Article 2:

THESE REGULATIONS SERVE AS LEGAL BASIS FOR ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL MATTERS FOR LOCALITIES TO DEVELOP SPECIFIC TECHNICAL PROCEDURES FOR EACH AREA WITH DIFFERENT PLANTING CONDITIONS, WHILE ALSO SERVING AS A BASIS FOR MANAGING AND MONITORING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROCEDURES BY ORGANIZATIONS.

Chapter II:
PLANTING CONDITIONS

Article 3: SOIL CONDITIONS

1. SLOPE UNDER 30 DEGREES^°

2. ALTITUDE UNDER 500 METERS

3. EFFECTIVE SOIL DEPTH OF 60CM OR MORE

4. SOIL TYPE: CARIBBEAN PINE CAN BE PLANTED ON FERALIT SOILS, ON LOWLANDS AND MID-HILLS, BEST ON LIGHT LOAMY SANDY SOILS DEVELOPED ON GRANITE, SLATE, SANDSTONE, WELL-DRAINED SOILS WITH A PH LESS THAN 5.5. VEGETATIVE COVER IS CHARACTERIZED BY HERBS SUCH AS PORC SPINES, SIM MAU, RANG RANG, REEDS, AND SOME SCATTERED SHRUBS UP TO 1-1.5 METERS HIGH. DO NOT PLANT ON HEAVY CLAY SOILS, GLAYS, OR IN VALLEYS WITH HIGH ALKALINE SEDIMENTATION.

VEGETATIVE COVER IS STILL RELATIVELY GOOD, WITH MANY SHRUBS, TEPP NUSA, DEGENERATED BA BET, BA SOI SPREAD SPARSELY, AND SOME SMALL-TREES WITH DIAMETERS UNDER 15 CM.

Article 4: CLIMATE AND WEATHER

CARIBBEAN PINE IS SUITABLE FOR MOST CLIMATIC ZONES IN VIETNAM, BUT IT IS MOST SUITABLE FOR HOT AND HUMID CLIMATES WITH RARE FROST.

- ANNUAL AVERAGE TEMPERATURE 22 - 23^°C

- MAXIMUM ANNUAL TEMPERATURE 37 - 38^°C

- MINIMUM ANNUAL TEMPERATURE 5^°C

- ANNUAL AVERAGE HUMIDITY 85%

- ANNUAL TOTAL RAINFALL 1500 - 2000MM

Chapter III:
SEEDLING GROWING

Article 5: SEEDS

INTERNAL SEEDS MUST BE STORED IN DRY AND COOL CONDITIONS AT 5^°C WITH A WATER CONTENT OF 6-8%. STORAGE TIME SHOULD NOT EXCEED ONE YEAR. WHEN THE PRODUCTION UNIT RECEIVES THE SEEDS, THEY MUST BE PLANTED IMMEDIATELY.

Article 6: SEEDLING BED PREPARATION

a. THE SEEDLING BED LOCATION MUST SATISFY THE FOLLOWING REQUIREMENTS:

+ LOCATED IN DRY AND WELL-VENTILATED AREAS WITH GOOD DRAINAGE

+ NEAR SOIL SOURCES FOR POT MAKING

+ NEAR IRRIGATION WATER SOURCES

+ CONVENIENT FOR TRANSPORTATION

+ CENTRAL TO THE PLANTATION AREA (FOR CONCENTRATED PLANTATIONS)

b. SOIL PREPARATION FOR SEEDING.

+ SEEDS CAN BE PLANTED ON BEDS OR TRAYS, THE SEEDING SOIL NEEDS TO HAVE A LIGHT TEXTURE, HIGH ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT, FINE PARTICLES, AND REMOVAL OF PARTICLES LARGER THAN 5MM AND FOREIGN OBJECTS.

- FILL THE TRAYS MADE OF WOOD OR METAL WITH SOIL, DIMENSIONS OF 1M LONG, 0.5M WIDE, 0.10M HIGH, WITH HOLES (5-6 HOLES) OF 5CM DIAMETER.

- DISINFECT THE SOIL FIVE TO SEVEN DAYS BEFORE SEEDING USING A 1% BENLATE OR BORDEAUX LIQUID SOLUTION AT A RATE OF 1 LITER PER 1M².

.

Article 7: - ONE DAY BEFORE SEEDING, WATER THE BEDS OR TRAYS TO SATURATION.

SEEDLING PROCESSING AND PLANTING

+ SEEDLING MUST BE DONE THREE TO FIVE MONTHS BEFORE THE PLANTING SEASON.₄+ SEEDS: ALL IMPURITIES AND EMPTY SHELLS MUST BE REMOVED. HOT WATER (BOILING TWICE, THEN COOLING) OR KMNO

SOLUTION AT 0.05% CAN BE USED TO SOAK THE SEEDS FOR 6-12 HOURS, THEN RINSE WITH CLEAN WATER.²SEED PLANTING: AFTER TREATMENT, SEEDS ARE EVENLY DISTRIBUTED ON THE SEEDBED WITH A DENSITY OF 1KG PER 5-10M

Article 8: . AFTER PLANTING, COVER THE SEEDS WITH A THIN LAYER OF SOIL POWDER AND A THIN LAYER OF DISINFECTED STRAW. USE A SPRAYER WITH SMALL HOLES OR A CLEAN SPRAY BOTTLE TO LIGHTLY WATER. KEEP MOIST UNTIL THE SEEDS GERMINATE, THEN TRANSFER THE SEEDLINGS TO BAGS WHEN THEY ARE ABOUT 1.5-2CM LONG.

BAG MAKING, FILLING, AND STACKING

- BAG SIZE: HEIGHT 11CM

- DIAMETER 4.5-5CM

- BAG CONTENT: USE SEEDLING BED SOIL, SOIL UNDER VEGETATIVE COVER WITH RANG RANG, UNDER SHRUBS. CRUSH THE SOIL, SCREEN OUT GRASSES AND STONES, MIX WITH 1-2% SUPERPHOSPHATE.

ADDING FOREST ORGANIC SOIL IS RECOMMENDED.

BAG FILLING AND STACKING:

+ CREATE BEDS FOR BAGS: CLEAR WEEDS, LEVEL THE GROUND, FORM BEDS 1M WIDE, COMPACT THE SURFACE, MAKE DITCHES 0.06M DEEP, LENGTH FROM 5 TO 10M. APPLY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING SOLUTIONS AT 1% CONCENTRATION 7-10 DAYS BEFORE BAGGING: BENLATE, BORDEAUX, 666 AT 1 LITER PER M² TO PREVENT PESTS AND DISEASES.

+ FILL THE BAGS

+ MIX THE BAG CONTENT ACCORDING TO THE RATIO IN ARTICLE 8 (ABOUT 100KG PER BATCH). IF THE SOIL IS TOO DRY, ADD WATER TO ADEQUATE MOISTURE TO ENSURE EASY MIXING.

+ FILL THE BAGS WITH SOIL, LEAVING 1-2CM AT THE BOTTOM TO COMPACTION TO SHAPE THE BAG AND PREVENT SOIL FALLING OUT, THEN CONTINUE TO FILL TO THE TOP.

+ STACK THE BAGS CLOSELY ON THE BEDS, FORMING A RAMP 3-4CM HIGH (BAGS CAN BE FILLED INDOORS AND THEN TRANSPORTED TO THE FIELD FOR STACKING).

+ Water the seedlings from 20 to 30 days before transplanting, watering every few days to keep the soil moist inside the pots, and clean weeds and break up the crust 1-2 days before transplanting.

Article 9: Transplanting seedlings

- Water the pots sufficiently moist one day before transplanting, straighten any tilted or broken pots, and fill in any pots that have lost soil.

- Spray water onto the planting bed until it is thoroughly moist before selecting seedlings for transplanting.

- Transplanting: Use two fingers to gently pull out 1 to 2 seedlings at a time and place them in a tray filled with water.

- Use specialized tools (sharp sticks or prongs) to poke holes in the center of the pots and plant the seedlings ensuring they do not lean or fall over.

- After transplanting, water sufficiently to maintain moisture, and take measures to prevent rodent and ant damage to the seedlings.

Article 10: Care for young plants

Five to ten days after transplanting, check the plants, replant any dead ones immediately to ensure the density and uniformity of the young plants, each pot must have one healthy growing plant.

Provide sufficient moisture for the young plants, especially during the first few days, watering in the early morning or late afternoon, the frequency and amount of water depend on weather conditions and the growth situation of the young plants. In principle, always maintain adequate moisture in the pots to facilitate normal growth of the young plants. On average, each watering should be 3-5 liters/m.².

Fertilize.

From when the plants are 20 to 30 days old until three to four weeks before planting, apply fertilizer six to seven times using a solution of NPK synthetic fertilizer with a concentration of 0.5% (1 kg/200 liters of water).

Apply as follows (based on the amount of NPK for 10,000 seedlings per application):

First time 0.5 kg

Second time 1.0 kg

Third time 1.5 kg

Fourth time 2.0 kg

Fifth time 2.0 kg

Sixth time 1.0 kg

Seventh time 1.0 kg

- Apply through small holes in the morning or evening. Do not fertilize on rainy days.

- After fertilizing, thoroughly rinse all seedlings with clean water to prevent leaf burn, using 2 liters of water per 1m.².

- Weeding and breaking up the crust: Remove all weeds around each pot, combine with loosening the soil using a small stick, loosen lightly about 5-10mm deep, away from the base to avoid damaging the plants, typically once every 10-15 days. Additionally, measures against heat, heavy rain (in summer), cold, frost (in winter), and bird and rodent damage are necessary.

Article 11. Pest and disease control.

Regularly monitor pests and diseases, if fungi appear, use Benlate with a concentration of 6g/10 liters of water sprayed on 100m.²If possible, prevent pest damage by spraying fenitrothion at a ratio of 0.5 liters/10 liters of water/100m.².

Article 12: Seedling standards for removal from nursery.

+ 3-5 months old

+ Average height 15-30cm, diameter 0.2-0.3cm.

+ Green and healthy, well-developed without bending, pests, or top cut off.

Article 13: Harvesting, stacking, and transporting seedlings for planting.

- Choose a flat, high ground area, clear of weeds, creating a loose surface for collecting seedlings before distribution for planting on plots.

- Select a central location within the planting area, convenient for main traffic routes.

In cases where immediate planting is not possible or not all seedlings are planted, water the seedlings twice daily. The storage period should not exceed two weeks.

Chapter IV:
PLANTING FORESTS

Article 15: Treating ground cover.

In areas with bare hills and small shrubs such as sim mau, rang rang that do not significantly obstruct land preparation, no special technical measures are required to treat ground cover.

In areas with dense ground cover, apply methods of cutting and piling into heaps or strips then burning.

Article 16: Manual land preparation involves:

- Digging holes along contour lines, on slopes in a zigzag pattern.

- Hole dimensions 30 x 30 x 30 cm. If conditions permit, 40 x 40 x 40 cm.

- Fill the holes 15-20 days before planting. Mix surface soil with surrounding soil, filling the hole completely.

Mechanical land preparation involves:

- Full plowing, plowing in strips, leveling terraces, depending on terrain and machinery availability.

- Plow to a depth of 0.5-0.6 meters. Plow at least 20 days before planting but not more than one month in advance.

- Dig holes on the plowed terrace 20 x 20 x 20 cm, either dig holes beforehand or dig while planting.

If conditions allow, apply basal fertilizer using compost or chemical fertilizer.

Compost fertilizer at 0.5 - 1 kg per hole.

Chemical fertilizer or NPK, or a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, with phosphorus accounting for about 2/3. Apply during the hole-filling stage, 5-7 days before planting.

Article 17: Planting Forests

1. Planting season: Primarily spring planting. In special circumstances, autumn planting is allowed.

During planting, avoid days with hot southwest winds, intense sunlight, high temperatures (up to 30°C), strong winds (up to level 4), or insufficient rainfall.^°C), có gió mạnh (đến cấp 4) hoặc lượng mưa không đủ ấm.

2. Planting density: 2,500 trees/ha.

3. Planting procedure: Avoid deforming or breaking the pots, remove the pot cover before planting.

- Use a spade to mix the soil in the hole evenly, then add soil gradually to fill the hole.

- Use a spade to dig a small hole large enough to place the pot level with the ground surface, ensuring the tree is straight, gradually covering the pot with soil and pressing firmly around it.

Chapter V:
CARE, MANAGEMENT, AND PROTECTION OF FORESTS

Article 18: Replanting

- Two to three weeks after planting and periodically every three months, check the survival rate of seedlings, replant promptly any dead ones to ensure uniform survival and good growth.

- When replanting, select seedlings meeting the standard and plant on favorable weather days.

Article 19: Care

- Implement care for 2-3 years.

- Each year, provide care 2-3 times.

Care activities: digging and loosening soil, weeding, mounding soil around the base of the tree, diameter 0.8-1.0m. Remove and cut vines attached to the ground cover thoroughly.

- During care, create terraces 1 meter wide by digging and loosening soil.

- If conditions allow, apply additional fertilizer using NPK.

If basal fertilizer was applied at planting, apply additional fertilizer in early spring of the second year after planting, with 75-1000g of NPK per tree.

Article 20: Acceptance

- In addition to daily work inspections and production phase inspections (work-in-progress products), conduct inspections by stages to evaluate product results over a 2-5 year period.

Content: Evaluate forested area, standing timber volume, total number of trees based on three criteria.

- Actual planting area, remaining forest area compared to design.

- Survival rate.

- Growth situation (healthy green trees, fast or slow growth rate) evaluated according to the following indicators:

Based on the standards specified in the unit table, a comparison calculation chart regarding the quality area of the forest, harvested products such as firewood, timber... will be established to accurately assess the effectiveness as stipulated in Article 1.

Article 21: SECURITY

- Measures for fire prevention and pest control.

- Prohibit people from entering the forest to cut down, break branches, or sweep leaves, especially during the stage when the forest canopy has not yet closed.

- Regular patrols and guards should be conducted to promptly detect and prevent destructive factors.

Article 22: Prune and nurture.

After three years of care, continue to nurture and protect until the forest canopy closes, then proceed with thinning and nurturing when there is competition for nutritional space.

Article 23: Establish and maintain forest records.

All production units must establish forest planting records, including:

- Forest design documents

- Construction documents.

- Acceptance documents for products at each stage of production.

- Monitoring documents on the growth and development process of the forest (from seedling stage to final product).

The collected records serve as the basis for acceptance and payment, and also as documents for evaluating the entire production process.

Records are compiled for each plot and stored until the forest is harvested.

Chapter VI:
IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS

Article 24:

This regulation applies to all production units growing Caribbean pine forests in the four provinces of Zone PAM 3352. Other provinces with similar natural conditions wishing to grow Caribbean pine may refer to and apply this regulation.

Article 25:

This regulation takes effect from the date of signing. Previous regulations that conflict with this regulation are hereby abolished.

INDICATORS

ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND LABOR QUOTAS FOR

CARIBBEAN PINE FOREST PLANTING

Care

- Caribbean pine is cared for continuously for 3 years

- Care is provided 3 times a year

- Each care session involves protection work ranging from 25 to 30 man-days/ha (totaling 225-270 man-days).

- Technical requirements

+ Hoeing around the base: 0.8-1.0m

+ Removing climbing vines and clearing invasive ground cover

+ Applying top-dressing fertilizer (if conditions permit)