Decree No. 36/2001/NĐ-CP On Ensuring Traffic Order and Safety on Roads and in Urban Areas.

 

 

 

 

DECREE OF THE GOVERNMENT

Regarding the assurance of road traffic safety and urban traffic safety

and urban traffic safety

 

THE GOVERNMENT

Pursuant to the Government Organization Law dated September 30, 1992;

At the proposal of the Minister of Transport,

 

DECREE:

PART I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. The Road Traffic Safety Regulations and Urban Traffic Safety Regulations accompanying this Decree stipulate the tasks and authorities of ministries, sectors, Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).people's committees of provinces and centrally governed cities in ensuring road traffic safety and urban traffic safety.

Article 2. State agencies, economic organizations, social organizations, armed forces units, and every individual have the responsibility to strictly comply with legal provisions on road traffic safety and urban traffic safety.

Foreign organizations and individuals operating or residing within the territory of Vietnam must strictly comply with all regulations concerning road traffic safety and urban traffic safety.

Article 3. The Vietnam Fatherland Front and its member organizations within their respective tasks and authorities have the responsibility to participate, educate, motivate the public, and supervise the implementation of regulations on road traffic safety and urban traffic safety.

Article 4.

1. All violations of road traffic safety and urban traffic safety must be handled strictly, accurately identifying the violator, the violation, and the applicable laws. When handling cases, the fault of the violator must be considered without discrimination based on whether they are pedestrians, drivers of simple vehicles, or motorized vehicles. Everyone must be treated equally under the law. For rented vehicles, the responsibilities of the driver and the vehicle owner must be distinguished.

2. Those who take advantage of accidents to incite, exert pressure, or obstruct the handling process will also be dealt with according to the law.

3. Those who fail to fulfill their duties, harass, or cause inconvenience while performing traffic safety tasks such as patrolling, inspecting, issuing driving licenses, technical inspections, and registering vehicles will be severely punished according to the law.

 

Chapter II

STATE MANAGEMENT OF ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY

AND URBAN TRAFFIC SAFETY

Article 5. Tasks, responsibilities, and authorities of the Ministry of Transport

1. Issuing technical standards for road traffic infrastructure and regulations for their use to ensure road traffic safety; periodically inspecting these facilities and promptly informing users about safety issues.

2. Setting technical standards, organizing inspections, supervising the quality of technical equipment for various types of motorized road vehicles, and issuing periodic safety and environmental protection certificates.

3. Establishing conditions, standards, and procedures for granting permits to technical inspection centers for road vehicles.

4. Managing driver training and issuing driving licenses for those who operate motorized road vehicles.

5. Organizing, directing, and inspecting the national road traffic inspection system. Handling administrative violations within its authority regarding road traffic safety and urban traffic safety.

6. Cooperating with the Ministry of Public Security to monitor, analyze causes of traffic accidents, and propose effective measures to prevent accidents.

7. Leading and coordinating with the Ministry of Public Security to draft traffic regulations and disseminate them to all societal groups.

8. Leading and coordinating with the Ministry of Public Security to install traffic signs, signals, lane markings, pedestrian crossings, parking prohibitions, and permitted parking areas on roads and in urban areas.

9. Cooperating with the Ministry of Industry to direct the protection of power grid safety and safe operation of mineral exploitation and processing activities in areas with transportation infrastructure.

Article 6. Tasks and authorities of the Ministry of Public Security

1. Organizing inspections, registration, and management of motorized road vehicles and their drivers under the Ministry of Public Security; organizing registration and issuance of license plates for all types of road vehicles (including motorized road vehicles of economic enterprises under the Ministry of Defense established according to Decision No. 388/HĐBT dated November 20, 1991 of the Council of Ministers, except those used for military purposes). Promptly informing the transport sector for easier monitoring and management.

2. Organizing inspections, supervision, and handling of violations of road traffic safety and urban traffic safety.

3. Cooperating with relevant ministries and sectors in drafting traffic laws, promoting, and guiding their implementation.

4. Directing traffic control in cities and at important traffic junctions when emergencies occur, allowing temporary lane changes, prohibitions on stopping and parking.

5. Organizing investigations and handling of traffic accidents. Leading and coordinating with the Ministry of Transport to statistically track, analyze, and conclude the causes of traffic accidents, proposing preventive measures.

6. Setting technical standards and issuing permits for transporting hazardous and flammable materials.

7. Organizing inspections of the performance of police forces responsible for road traffic safety and urban traffic safety.

8. Participating in opinions on traffic safety for new construction and upgrading projects of national highways within its authority.

, Clause 1, Clause 2 Article 7a of this Regulation.. Tasks and authorities of the Ministry of National Defense

1. Organizing inspections, registration, and management of motorized road vehicles and their drivers under the Ministry of National Defense (excluding those used for economic activities registered and licensed by the Ministry of Public Security).

2. All motorized road vehicles and their drivers under the Ministry of National Defense must comply with traffic laws and be subject to inspection and control by traffic safety enforcement forces when operating on roads.

Article 8. Tasks and authorities of the Ministry of Finance

1. Chair and coordinate with the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Transport, and relevant ministries and agencies to guide and organize the collection of fines for administrative violations. Unify the issuance and management of receipts for fine collections and payment vouchers for administrative violation fines in accordance with the provisions of the law on administrative penalties.

2. Ensure funding for traffic safety assurance work as proposed by the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Public Security, and Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).provincial people's committees when preparing annual budget projects.

3. Guide the management and use of fines. All revenues from administrative penalty fines related to traffic safety order shall be used for traffic safety assurance work according to approved plans.

4. To organize the inspection and supervision of the management and use of fine revenue in accordance with regulations.

Article 9. Duties and powers of the Ministry of Trade

1. Closely cooperate with the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Industry in managing the importation of transportation vehicles based on quantity, types of vehicles allowed for importation, technical standards, and current road conditions.

2. Issue regulations on the importation and circulation of leaded gasoline.

Article 10. Duties and powers of the Ministry of Culture and Information

Direct cultural information agencies, central and local press to regularly publicize and disseminate laws on traffic safety order.

Article 11. Duties and powers of mass media agencies.

Central and local mass media agencies must have special sections dedicated to traffic safety order publicity without charging fees.

Article 12. Duties and powers of the Ministry of Education and Training.

1. Chair and coordinate with the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Public Security to compile textbooks on traffic rules and regulations, incorporating them into regular curricula from kindergarten through university levels, and disseminating knowledge about traffic rules and regulations.

2. Coordinate with the Ministry of Transport to manage driver training programs.

3. Coordinate with the Ministry of Public Security, relevant agencies, and all-level people's committees to strictly handle students and trainees who intentionally violate traffic safety regulations such as illegal racing, improper use of motorcycles and motorbikes.

Article 13. Duties and powers of the Ministry of Construction

1. Guide the preparation and review of urban planning and construction projects ensuring sufficient land area for traffic infrastructure and other supporting facilities to ensure urban traffic safety order.

2. Guide the issuance of construction permits for residential areas, hotels, shopping centers, office buildings, and other public facilities, requiring appropriate parking areas according to each facility's needs, strictly prohibiting the arbitrary use of roadways and sidewalks for parking.

Article 14. Duties and powers of Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).||| People's Committees of provinces and centrally governed cities

1. Direct and implement all necessary measures to establish traffic safety order in their respective localities.

2. Clear roadways and sidewalks that have been occupied. Sidewalks must be reserved for pedestrians, while roadways are exclusively for traffic vehicles. Specifically define the use of part of the sidewalk on certain streets for selling goods but it must not affect traffic safety order.

3. Together with the Ministry of Transport, urgently plan and expand roads at intersections that are too narrow and often cause traffic congestion.

4. Direct Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).lower-level people's committees to develop plans for arranging markets and sales activities conveniently for the people but absolutely not to violate traffic safety order.

5. Strictly prohibit renting sidewalks and roadways for business under any form.

 

Chapter III

IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS

Article 15This Decree takes effect fifteen days after its date of promulgation and replaces Decree No. 36/CP dated May 29, 1995 of the Government and Decree No. 75/1998/NĐ-CP dated September 26, 1998 of the Government on ensuring traffic safety order on roads and urban traffic safety order.

Article 16Ministers, heads of ministerial-level agencies, heads of government agencies, Chairmen Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).provincial people's committees are responsible for guiding and organizing the implementation of this Decree./.

 

CHARTER

TRAFFIC SAFETY ORDER ON ROADS AND URBAN TRAFFIC SAFETY ORDER

(Issued together with Decree No. 36/2001/NĐ-CP dated July 10, 2001 of the Government)

 

PART I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1.

1. These Regulations stipulate traffic safety order on roads and urban traffic safety order to ensure the safety of people, means of transport, and property of the State and the people.

2. These Regulations apply to persons and means of transport operating and using road traffic facilities and urban traffic facilities (hereinafter referred to as persons and means of transport participating in traffic) within the territory of Vietnam.

3. Persons and means of transport participating in traffic must strictly comply with the provisions of these Regulations.

4. The driver and owner of the means of transport must bear responsibility before the law for the means of transport participating in traffic.

Article 2. Terms used in these Regulations are understood as follows:

1. Participants in traffic are those who operate and use various types of transport means; those leading, driving, riding animals; pedestrians; those performing other tasks on roads and urban roads.

2. Means of transport participating in traffic include motorized vehicles, non-motorized vehicles, and specialized equipment circulating on roads and urban roads.

3. Road traffic infrastructure includes: roads, bridges, culverts, tunnels, sidewalks, urban roads, ferry terminals, bus stations, drainage systems, markers, signs, parking areas, and other supporting facilities.

4. Urban densely populated areas are cities, provincial capitals, county capitals, towns, villages, streets where there is a concentration of population and roads pass through.

5. Motorcycles are motorized vehicles with two or three wheels driven by engines.

6. Motorbikes are motorized vehicles with two wheels driven by engines and can be pedaled when the engine is turned off.

7. Special purpose motorcycles include construction motorcycles, agricultural and forestry motorcycles participating in road traffic.

8. Non-motorized vehicles are those that do not move by engine power such as bicycles, cyclos, animal-drawn carts, and similar vehicles.

9. Road traffic signals include: traffic control personnel commands, traffic lights; signboards, road markings; guardrails or protective walls, barriers.

10. Road intersection is the place where roads intersect on the same plane.

11. A traffic intersection with a roundabout is a road intersection where there is a signal indicating that vehicles wishing to change direction must follow the instructions provided.

12. The wheelbase of a vehicle is the distance between the center of the front axle and the center of the rear axle of the vehicle.

Article 3. In the event of a traffic accident, the following regulations must be followed:

1. Preserve the scene and protect all traces. Injured persons must be taken to emergency care promptly.

2. Persons present at the accident site have the duty to assist and provide medical aid to injured persons and to report the accident to the nearest state agency or local authority responsible for providing accurate information about the accident to the Traffic Police for lawful handling.

3. Drivers of other vehicles passing through the accident site have the duty to transport injured persons to the nearest emergency facility. Priority vehicles are not required to transport injured persons to emergency facilities.

4. Vehicles, objects, luggage, and goods belonging to the accident victim must be carefully protected. Any actions causing harm to the person, vehicle, or property of the accident victim or the person causing the accident are strictly prohibited.

5. Individuals directly related to the accident must be present at the scene when authorities are preparing the record.

6. Those who evade their obligation to assist in accident relief will be dealt with according to current laws.

7. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).Local People's Committees where the accident occurs must organize rescue and assistance for victims, protect the scene, and promptly notify the Traffic Police to prepare records and handle consequences. In cases where victims die, after the Public Security Agency has completed procedures as prescribed by law and agreed to burial, Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).the local People's Committee is responsible for organizing the burial of the victim.

 

Chapter II

ROAD AND URBAN TRAFFIC FACILITIES

Article 4. The management unit of road traffic facilities is responsible for ensuring the technical safety status and technical standards of the facilities, and must ensure a complete system of markers, signs, directional signs, etc., related to traffic safety. When discovering damage to road traffic facilities that threatens traffic safety, timely measures must be taken to address the issue, guide traffic, prevent accidents, and bear responsibility for traffic accidents caused if the quality of the facility does not meet technical safety requirements.

Article 5. On dangerous mountain passes, sections of roads prone to accidents, and sections often flooded, the road traffic management unit must take special measures to ensure traffic safety. During the rainy season, typhoons, and floods, traffic guidance or traffic suspension must be organized promptly in accordance with regulations of the Ministry of Transport.

Article 6.

1. Participants in traffic, upon discovering that road traffic facilities do not meet traffic safety requirements, have the duty to set up temporary signals and find ways to report to the road traffic management unit or the nearest state agency; state agencies receiving reports must immediately inform the traffic management agency to promptly address the issue.

2. Upon receiving the report, the road traffic management unit must take prompt measures to ensure safe and unimpeded traffic.

, Clause 1, Clause 2 Article 7a of this Regulation..

1. Strictly prohibit any acts that damage, alter, move, or obstruct road traffic signals, or obstruct visibility affecting traffic safety.

2. Planting trees along roads, on median strips, and sidewalks must comply with regulations, without limiting visibility or obstructing road traffic signs. Trees planted on land within the road protection zone must be short-term varieties with low trunks. The Ministry of Transport shall coordinate with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development to specify detailed regulations on planting trees alongside roads and urban roads.

Article 8.

1. Units constructing various types of facilities on roads within the road protection zone must obtain permission from the road traffic management agency and report to the direct management unit of the road facility.

2. Construction units may only commence construction on roads after implementing measures to ensure traffic safety.

Article 9.

1. In cases of construction on operational roads requiring traffic suspension, the construction unit must build detour routes to ensure smooth and safe traffic flow.

2. At sections without detours, construction can only be carried out on part of the road, reserving another part for safe passage of vehicles and pedestrians.

3. When repairing roads leading to ferry terminals, sufficient road surface must be left for safe ferry boarding and disembarking.

4. At narrow sections where the width is insufficient, construction and traffic must proceed simultaneously; or at both ends of bridges, culverts, and tunnels under construction, personnel must be arranged to guide and control traffic to ensure safe and unimpeded traffic flow.

Article 10.

1. At both ends of sections where traffic is suspended, the construction unit must install sufficient traffic signs as prescribed by the traffic signal regulations, set up barriers, and place red lights at night.

2. If workers are working on the road surface, there are unfinished projects, or obstacles on the road that could cause accidents to vehicles and people, the construction unit must set up warning signs and mobile markers. Once the work is completed and the danger to vehicles and pedestrians has passed, all warning signs and barriers must be removed immediately to ensure smooth passage for vehicles and pedestrians; the construction unit must report to the road management agency for inspection and approval before traffic resumes.

Article 11.

1. Specialized vehicles and machinery used for construction on roads must meet safety technical standards during construction and when moving to new construction sites, and must register license plates and undergo regular technical inspections as prescribed by the Ministry of Transport.

2. Workers maintaining and repairing roads must wear distinctive protective clothing as prescribed by the Ministry of Transport.

Article 12. Vehicles, machinery, materials, and earth used for construction must be kept within the construction site; materials and earth must not scatter or obstruct the road surface, posing a danger to people and vehicles participating in traffic. In narrow sections where two vehicles cannot pass each other, it is forbidden to leave materials on the road.

 

Chapter III

TRAFFIC PARTICIPATING VEHICLES

Article 13. All types of vehicles participating in traffic must meet the technical safety conditions:

1. For motor vehicles (including trailers towed by motor vehicles):

a) Must have sufficient braking systems (foot and hand) that comply with regulations.

b) Must have adequate lighting devices (near and far lights), license plate lights, brake lights, and various signal lights according to prescribed standards.

c) Must have horns with standard volume.

d) Must have mufflers and smoke reducers according to prescribed standards.

đ) Ensure visibility for the driver. Windshields must be clear, equipped with rearview mirrors, and wipers.

e) Must have effective steering systems.

g) Must have tires of correct size, technical specifications, and air pressure as prescribed for each type of vehicle.

h) Windows and windshields of passenger cars must be safety glass.

2. For simple vehicles:

a) Must conform to dimensions, specifications, models, materials, and construction as approved in design.

b) Must have effective braking systems. Friction braking systems contacting the road surface are prohibited.

c) Must have control levers with sufficient durability to ensure accurate control.

3. The Ministry of Transport shall specify technical safety standards and usage periods for each type of vehicle.

Article 14.

1. Motor vehicles participating in traffic on roads and urban streets must be registered and display national license plates according to the regulations of state management agencies.

The owner of a motor vehicle is responsible under the law for valid and legal documentation regarding ownership of the vehicle being registered for license plates.

2. The Ministry of Public Security shall specify detailed regulations on registration, issuance, and production of license plates for motor vehicles.

3. Depending on local management requirements, Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).the provincial people's committee (hereinafter referred to as the provincial people's committee) shall specify the registration and display of local license plates for simple vehicles.

Article 15.

1. All types of road transport vehicles produced, manufactured, or assembled domestically must conform to the approved design by the competent authority of the Ministry of Transport and must comply with quality inspection procedures.

2. Production facilities manufacturing, producing, or assembling motor vehicles must operate only when they meet the conditions stipulated by law.

Article 16.

1. When there is a need to change the nature of use of a motor vehicle, alter its structure, or replace basic assemblies with different brands or technical parameters from the original motor vehicle, the owner of the motor vehicle must comply with technical standards, designs, and manufacturing guidelines issued by the Ministry of Transport.

2. Facilities modifying or converting motor vehicles must operate only when they meet the conditions stipulated by law.

Article 17.

1. Motor vehicles participating in traffic on roads and urban streets must strictly adhere to regular maintenance schedules, frequent repairs, and periodic technical inspections as prescribed by the Ministry of Transport.

2. Between two inspection periods, the owner and driver of a motor vehicle must ensure it meets technical standards for operation on roads and bear responsibility for accidents caused by non-compliance with these standards.

3. It is prohibited to operate motor vehicles and specialized equipment that do not meet technical standards on roads.

4. Strictly forbidden is the act of renting or leasing assemblies or spare parts temporarily to meet technical standards during inspections.

Article 18.

1. Technical inspection facilities for motor vehicles must meet the required conditions before being authorized by the competent authority of the Ministry of Transport to conduct business, must perform inspections according to procedures and standards issued by the Ministry of Transport, may charge inspection fees as prescribed by the State, and are responsible for the accuracy of measuring instruments and inspection results.

2. The head of the technical inspection facility and the inspectors directly conducting inspections are responsible under the law for the results of the inspections.

Article 19.

1. Track vehicles, oversized vehicles, and overweight vehicles, when necessary, must obtain special permission from the competent state agency responsible for roads to operate on public roads, and must follow the time limits, routes, and other regulations specified in the permit.

2. The owner and driver of track vehicles, overweight, and oversized vehicles must comply with weight and size restrictions imposed by the road management agency and pay for reinforcement and protection costs of road infrastructure as prescribed.

3. In cases where vehicles are found to be overloaded or oversized, the driver must be responsible for unloading, rearranging cargo, securing unloaded cargo, and paying fines before continuing the journey.

4. Strictly prohibited is the transfer of cargo or other methods to evade detection of overloaded or oversized vehicles.

Article 20.

1. It is prohibited for vehicles carrying goods or passengers (passengers, luggage) to exceed the load capacity permitted by the competent authority.

2. Strictly prohibited is the stacking of cargo beyond the allowed limits for each type of vehicle as stipulated in Articles 26, 60, and 61 of this Regulation.

Article 21.

1. Vehicles transporting hazardous, flammable, explosive, or other dangerous goods must be permitted by the competent state authority to transport on roads and urban streets and must display specific markings or signs for easy identification, and must comply with regulations concerning prevention of hazards, fire, and explosion.

2. Vehicles transporting hazardous, flammable, explosive, or other dangerous goods must follow instructions specified in the permit and may not stop or park in crowded areas.

3. It is prohibited to carry toxic substances, explosives, flammable materials, other dangerous substances, animals, or foul-smelling items that could affect the health of passengers on passenger vehicles.

Article 22.

1. Signals, horns, and flags of priority motor vehicles when performing urgent tasks are regulated as follows:

a) Fire trucks on emergency duty: rotating lights on top of the vehicle emit red light, and continuous horn sounds.

b) Military vehicles on urgent tasks: military flags are placed on the right side of the front of the vehicle.

c) Police vehicles on urgent tasks: rotating lights on top of the vehicle emit blue and red light, police flags are placed on the left side of the front of the vehicle.

d) Ambulances carrying or picking up critically ill patients: rotating lights on top of the vehicle emit red light, red cross symbols are displayed on the sides of the vehicle, and continuous horn sounds.

đ) Emergency traffic vehicles: The emblem shall be affixed to the front of the vehicle, and the traffic flag shall be placed on the right side of the vehicle from the driver's perspective.

e) Vehicles inspecting dikes and dike protection vehicles performing urgent tasks must have a permit issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development affixed to the front of the vehicle.

2. Vehicles engaged in emergency rescue operations (rescue, relief, medical aid, firefighting, dike protection...), police, military, and traffic vehicles performing urgent tasks must have distinctive markings and signals and must continuously emit signals while traveling.

3. All persons and means of transportation participating in road traffic upon hearing the signals of the vehicles specified in Clause 1 of this Article must quickly yield the way. If failure to yield causes delays in performing urgent tasks or results in traffic accidents, the pedestrian or driver who does not yield must bear legal responsibility.

4. It is prohibited for non-priority motor vehicles to use sirens or priority lights as specified in Clause 1 of this Article.

Article 23. Motor vehicles engaged in commercial transport belonging to various economic sectors, including those of the military and police, must comply with current regulations regarding business conditions for transport.

"d) Within no more than one working day from the date of receiving the dossier submitted for administrative procedures by the specialized agency assigned by the Provincial People's Committee, the Chairman of the Provincial People's Committee shall issue a notification of the result of the inspection of plant-based food exports or a certificate at the request of the importing country.". Regulations on passenger transport operations.

1. Vehicles must travel along designated routes and may only stop to pick up and drop off passengers at designated bus stations and stops.

2. The establishment of bus stations and stops must be decided by the provincial or municipal People's Committee directly under the Central Government.

3. It is prohibited to carry passengers, luggage, or goods beyond the permissible weight limit of the vehicle.

4. Goods and luggage must not protrude beyond the outer dimensions of the passenger vehicle.

5. It is prohibited to carry people on the roof or cargo bed of the vehicle.

6. The vehicle may only start moving when passengers are seated securely, all doors are firmly closed, and there are no standing or sitting persons on the steps (including service personnel on board), and no heads or hands are extended out of the windows.

7. It is prohibited to open doors or extend any objects outside the sides of the vehicle while it is in motion.

8. Two-wheeled motorcycles and bicycles may only carry one adult and one child under seven years old held by an adult or seated separately; when transporting a sick person for emergency care or escorting a criminal suspect, two adults may be carried, but safety must be ensured.

Article 25. It is prohibited for freight transport vehicles to carry passengers except in the following cases:

1. In cases of necessity approved by the Department of Transport (Public Works).

2. Military and police vehicles carrying officers and soldiers on duty, and maintenance workers' vehicles. These transport vehicles must have a design approved for carrying passengers.

3. Freight transport vehicles carrying emergency medical patients, vehicles serving disaster relief, and enemy combat.

Article 26.

1. Goods loaded onto motor vehicles must be neatly arranged and securely fastened, preventing spillage along the route, dragging on the road surface, and obstructing vehicle control. The width of the load must not exceed the width of the cargo bed, and the length must not extend more than ten percent beyond the front and rear of the vehicle.

Motorcycles, bicycles, and two-wheeled motorbikes may not carry goods or luggage exceeding a width of 0.30 meters on each side, a height of 2 meters above ground level, or extending 0.50 meters behind the cargo bed; when transporting compressed gas cylinders or liquefied gas cylinders, they must be securely fastened to ensure safety.

2. The Ministry of Transport shall specify the height limits for loading goods for each type of vehicle.

 

Chapter IV

PARTICIPANTS IN TRAFFIC

Article 27.

1. Everyone has the responsibility and obligation to maintain cleanliness and ensure traffic safety on roads.

2. No one may occupy the road surface for drying purposes, material storage areas, playgrounds, training grounds, soccer fields, racing, or other actions that obstruct traffic. Unauthorized placement of barriers or obstacles causing traffic congestion is strictly prohibited and must be permitted by traffic management authorities if necessary.

3. It is prohibited to spill oil, mud, or other slippery substances on the road surface that pose dangers to people and vehicles. Those responsible for such spills must promptly address them to ensure traffic safety.

4. It is strictly prohibited for vehicles carrying waste or construction materials to cause spillage on the road.

5. It is strictly forbidden to place or spread spikes or other sharp objects on the road.

Article 28.

1. Drivers of simple vehicles must understand the regulations on traffic order and safety on roads and urban traffic order. Individuals and organizations using simple vehicles (ox carts, buffalo carts, horse-drawn carriages, cyclos...) for commercial transport must comply with the regulations of competent state management agencies.

2. Drivers of motorcycles and two-wheeled motorbikes with engine displacement over 50 cubic centimeters³ and other types of motor vehicles must hold a driving license as prescribed by current regulations.

3. Drivers and passengers on motorcycles and two-wheeled motorbikes must wear helmets when traveling on designated helmet-required routes.

4. Persons under sixteen years of age are not allowed to operate motor vehicles.

Article 29. Strictly prohibited are drivers operating vehicles in the following situations:

1. Due to health conditions that prevent them from controlling the speed of the vehicle.

2. Drivers operating vehicles on the road with blood alcohol concentration exceeding 80 mg/100 ml of blood or 40 mg/1 liter of exhaled breath, or other stimulants.

3. Lack of required documents:

a) Vehicle registration certificate.

b) Driving license appropriate to the type of vehicle being operated.

c) Certificate of technical inspection and environmental protection (if required for the type of vehicle).

Article 30. In cases where the driving license is lost or damaged, if there is sufficient evidence that it was lost or damaged, not revoked, and not temporarily withheld, it will be reissued.

Article 31.

1. The Ministry of Transport shall issue operating permits only to training institutions for driving instruction that meet the technical and physical conditions and have a qualified teaching staff as stipulated.

2. The examination, issuance, or renewal of driving licenses shall be uniformly implemented nationwide according to the regulations of the Ministry of Transport.

 

Chapter V

ROAD TRAFFIC RULES

Article 32. When driving a vehicle, the driver must strictly comply with the following regulations:

1. The driver and passengers seated next to the driver on the same row must wear seat belts if the vehicle is designed and equipped with seat belts.

2. Prior to moving the vehicle, changing direction, stopping, or parking, timely signals must be given using horns, lights, or hand gestures to other vehicles and pedestrians on the road to ensure safety for people and goods on the vehicle.

3. Constant attention must be paid to the condition of the road surface, traffic signs, traffic density, and obstacles on the road to control the speed of the vehicle appropriately according to its own conditions (brakes, weight of the vehicle, people, or goods on the vehicle) to prevent any possible danger.

4. All types of vehicles (with or without engines) running on public roads must travel on the right side of the lane designated for their type of vehicle.

If the road is divided into multiple lanes, all types of vehicles must strictly adhere to traveling in the lanes designated for their type of vehicle.

Article 33.

1. When there are speed limit signs or obstacles on the road.

2. When visibility is limited.

3. When passing intersections, railway crossings, roundabouts, bumpy, slippery, sandy, or dusty sections of the road.

4. When passing narrow bridges, approaching the top of a hill, or descending a slope.

5. When passing schools, crowded areas, densely populated places, or areas with houses near the road.

6. When overtaking pedestrian groups, parked vehicles, or animals on the road or nearby.

7. When avoiding vehicles coming from the opposite direction or after allowing a following vehicle to overtake.

8. When approaching bus stops or tram stations where passengers are boarding or alighting.

9. When encountering overloaded or oversized vehicles coming from the opposite direction on roads without median strips.

10. When turning the vehicle.

Article 34. The driver must implement speed limits as follows:

1. Maximum speed

a) According to the instructions of the speed limit sign.

b) In cities, towns, and townships (when there is no speed limit sign), the vehicle shall not exceed the following speeds:

Passenger cars and taxis up to 9 seats: 50km/h.

Motorcycles with 2-3 wheels, trucks under 3.5 tons: 40km/h.

Trucks from 3.5 tons and above, passenger buses with 10 seats and above: 35km/h.

Motorized rickshaws, motorcycles: 30km/h.

Overloaded or oversized trucks, towing trailers or broken-down vehicles: 20km/h.

c) Outside densely populated areas when there is no speed limit sign, the vehicle shall not exceed the following speeds (except for expressways and high-grade roads reserved exclusively for motor vehicles):

Passenger cars and taxis up to 9 seats: 80km/h.

Motorcycles with 2-3 wheels, trucks under 3.5 tons: 60km/h.

Trucks from 3.5 tons and above, passenger buses with 10 seats and above, vehicles carrying excessively long loads, towing trailers or broken-down vehicles: 50km/h.

Motorcycles: 40km/h.

Motorized rickshaws: 30km/h.

d) The maximum speed for bicycles, oversized, and overloaded vehicles shall be determined by the Ministry of Transport.

2. Minimum speed.

When there is a minimum speed sign on the road, the driver shall not allow the vehicle to run at a speed lower than the specified minimum speed.

Article 35.

1. When intending to change direction, the driver must:

a) Reduce speed, give a signal indicating the intended turn, gradually move towards the intended direction, and only turn when it does not cause inconvenience or danger to other people or means of transport;

b) During the turn, yield the right-of-way to pedestrians or cyclists using the dedicated lanes, and yield to vehicles coming from the opposite direction.

2. In densely populated areas, drivers may only make U-turns at intersections and places where U-turns are permitted by signs.

3. U-turns are prohibited in the following cases:

a) On the dedicated pedestrian crossing lanes;

b) On bridges, underpasses, tunnels, or within railway crossings;

c) Where there are signs prohibiting U-turns.

Article 36. When reversing, the driver must:

1. Observe behind the vehicle and only reverse when it is safe to do so.

Necessary signals (horns, lights) must be given to alert people behind the vehicle.

2. Reversing is prohibited in the following cases:

a) AT Areas where stopping is prohibited and on dedicated pedestrian crossing lanes;

b) At intersections, railway crossings;

c) Where visibility is obstructed;

d) On bridges, underpasses, on embankments, or on unstable shoulders.

Article 37.

1. A vehicle running behind may only overtake a vehicle ahead when:

a) There are no obstacles ahead.

b) There are no vehicles coming from the opposite direction.

c) The vehicle ahead has not signaled that it intends to overtake another vehicle.

d) The driver of the overtaking vehicle must signal with a horn or light when requesting to overtake the vehicle ahead. When the vehicle ahead has moved to the right and given a signal permitting the overtake, the driver of the overtaking vehicle may proceed to overtake from the left..

2. Upon knowing that a vehicle behind requests to overtake, the driver must:

a) Move to the right, reduce speed, and signal for the vehicle behind to overtake. If there are obstacles ahead or insufficient safety conditions to permit overtaking, signal the vehicle behind accordingly.

b) Not hinder the overtaking vehicle.

3. The driver may overtake a vehicle ahead from the right in the following situations:

a) When the vehicle ahead is turning left or signaling a left turn.

b) On roads divided into two or more lanes for each direction of travel.

c) When electric trams are running in the middle of the road with overhead wires.

d) When specialized vehicles are operating in the middle of the road during construction.

4. Overtaking is prohibited in the following situations:

a) Where there are signs prohibiting overtaking.

b) On narrow bridges (one-lane).

c) Under overpasses, roundabouts, at the top of hills, and in areas with limited visibility.

d) When vehicles from the opposite direction are approaching.

đ) When the vehicle ahead is signaling to overtake another vehicle.

e) When weather or road conditions do not guarantee safety.

g) AT Railway crossings, intersections.

h) When encountering military convoys with red flags at the rear or escorted by police.

i) When trams or buses have passengers boarding or alighting. 

Article 38. When two vehicles meet head-on, both drivers must steer their vehicles to the right side of their respective lanes.

AT On narrow stretches of road, they must reduce speed, and if necessary, one vehicle must stop to allow the other to pass.

If the narrow stretch of road can accommodate only one vehicle and there is room to maneuver, the vehicle closer to the maneuvering space must yield to the other vehicle.

Vehicles descending a hill must yield to vehicles ascending the hill.

At night, vehicles traveling in opposite directions must switch from high beam to low beam lights, and within densely populated areas, only low beam lights may be used.

Article 39.

1. When intending to stop or park a vehicle, the driver must promptly signal other vehicles to stop or park close to the right curb or sidewalk, with the closest wheel not exceeding 0.25 meters from the curb or sidewalk, and without causing any obstruction or danger to traffic.

2. In places where there is a "No Parking" sign, drivers may stop their vehicles according to the provisions of Clause 1 of this Article but must keep their hands on the steering wheel and not turn off the engine.

3. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).The People's Committee of the province shall stipulate prohibitions or limitations on stopping or parking vehicles on necessary sections within the administrative boundaries of the province or city.

4. Vehicles transporting goods wishing to stop or park in restricted areas for loading or unloading must have permission from the police authority.

5. When parking, the driver must carefully observe both front and rear before opening the door to avoid endangering other people or vehicles.

6. After parking, the driver must take safety measures for the vehicle before leaving it.

7. Stopping or parking vehicles is prohibited in the following cases:

a) On the left side of a one-way street.

b) When the road surface is only sufficient for one lane of traffic.

c) Near road signs that could be obstructed by parked vehicles.

d) On curved sections of the road and near the top of hills where visibility is obstructed within 50 meters in both directions.

đ) On pedestrian crossing areas.

e) On railway tracks and within 10 meters of a railway barrier or 20 meters from the outermost rail where there is no barrier (except when required to stop or park while waiting for a train to pass).

g) Within 5 meters of entrances to government offices or factories and within 15 meters of intersections.

h) On spaces marked on the road reserved for public passenger vehicles.

i) Over manholes for drainage, telephone tunnels, high-voltage power lines, and fire hydrants.

k) On bridges, within 5 meters of the bridgehead, inside tunnels, and under overpasses.

l) Parallel to another stopped or parked vehicle on narrow streets, with a minimum distance of 20 meters from the other vehicle.

m) In cases where stopping or parking is necessary at prohibited locations due to official duties, a permit from the competent authority is required.

8. For motor vehicles that remain stationary (engine running), the driver must not leave the vehicle.

9. If a vehicle breaks down or its cargo falls onto the road affecting traffic, the driver must immediately move the vehicle to the right curb and clear any spilled cargo.

Article 40. When approaching an intersection, the driver must reduce speed and signal other vehicles to give way to vehicles coming from the right, except in the following cases:

1. At roundabout intersections, priority belongs to vehicles coming from the left.

2. Where "Stop" signs are present, the driver must stop on the right side of the road before the "Stop" line or the first painted or raised line marking the pedestrian crossing area, and must not stop on the pedestrian crossing itself.

3. At intersections between a priority road and a non-priority road or a main road and a secondary road, priority belongs to vehicles traveling on the priority road or main road in any direction.

4. Motor vehicles with priority rights (as specified in Article 42 below) have priority when passing through intersections regardless of the direction they are coming from.

Article 41. Crossing railway crossings

1. At railway crossings, priority belongs to vehicles traveling on the railway.

2. At railway crossings with barriers, when the red light is on or the barrier is closed, all types of traffic, including those with priority rights, must stop on the right side of the road and maintain a minimum distance of 3 meters from the barrier.

3. AT At railway crossings without barriers, the driver of the vehicle must be responsible for observing if a train is approaching and must stop on the right side of the road, maintaining a minimum distance of 5 meters from the outermost rail.

Article 42 |||.

1. Priority rights for certain vehicles participating in traffic are defined in the following order:

a) Fire trucks responding to fires.

b) Military and police vehicles responding to emergencies.

c) Ambulances carrying emergency patients or picking up emergency patients.

d) Flood control and storm relief vehicles.

đ) Funeral processions led by police.

e) Emergency traffic assurance vehicles.

g) Funeral convoys.

2. The vehicles specified in points a, b, c, d, đ of Clause 1 of this Article, when performing emergency tasks, are not required to limit their speed, are allowed to travel in the opposite direction, and can pass through even when prohibited by traffic signals, provided they can reach the location in time, and must emit specific signals as prescribed in Clause 1 of Article 22 of this Decree.

1. The "Labor Medal" second class shall be awarded or posthumously awarded to individuals meeting one of the following criteria:.

1. On public roads, organized groups of automobiles must not exceed 250 meters in length when traveling in a single file, and the minimum distance between two groups is 100 meters, and the minimum distance between two vehicles is 20 meters (this does not apply to groups led by police vehicles).

2. Hand-drawn or animal-drawn vehicles must be divided into groups of no more than four vehicles each, with a minimum distance of 25 meters between groups and a minimum distance of 5 meters between vehicles.

3. It is prohibited for any vehicle to cut across a group of vehicles, a funeral procession, or an organized group of pedestrians marching in formation.

Article 44 |||.

1. Upon arriving at ferry terminals, floating bridge terminals, or suspension bridge terminals, vehicles must queue orderly in designated areas without obstructing traffic.

2. When boarding or disembarking from ferries and while on the ferry, passengers must disembark except for the driver and passengers who cannot walk due to illness.

3. Motor vehicles must disembark from the ferry before passengers, and motor vehicles may only board the terminal once all passengers have disembarked (except for ferries designed to separate passenger and vehicle boarding areas).

4. Priority for vehicles to cross ferries, floating bridges, and suspension bridges is given in the following order:

a) The types of vehicles listed in Clause 1 of Article 42 of this Decree;

b) Mail delivery vehicles;

c) Public passenger vehicles;

d) Vehicles carrying fresh food.

5. If several priority vehicles of the same type arrive at the ferry terminal or pontoon bridge simultaneously, the vehicle that arrives first shall proceed first.

The Ministry of Transport shall stipulate the issuance of priority passes for ferries and pontoon bridges to the aforementioned types of vehicles.

Article 45 |||.

1. A motor vehicle may tow another vehicle only when the latter can no longer operate on its own and must comply with the following provisions:

a) The towed vehicle must have a driver and its steering system must still be operational;

b) The coupling between the towing vehicle and the towed vehicle must be secure and safe; if the braking system of the towed vehicle has failed or is of the detachable type, a rigid tow bar must be used;

c) The front of the towing vehicle and the rear of the towed vehicle must display warning signs.

2. When towing a trailer, the towing vehicle must have sufficient pulling power for the total weight of both the towing vehicle and the trailer, and must have an effective braking system for the trailer.

3. The following acts are prohibited:

a) Towing a trailer, semi-trailer, or another vehicle with a semi-trailer truck;

b) Carrying passengers on the towed vehicle;

c) A motor vehicle towing a primitive vehicle, a two- or three-wheeled motorcycle, or dragging objects on the road.

Article 46 |||.

1. When practicing driving motor vehicles on public roads, the driver must hold a Practice Driving Permit and must have an instructor sitting beside them.

2. Motor vehicles used for practice driving on public roads must be authorized by the competent authority, must follow the designated route and permitted area, and must display the "Practice Driving" sign on both the front and rear of the vehicle according to the regulations of the Ministry of Transport.

3. Motor vehicles specifically used for teaching driving must be equipped with additional auxiliary brakes and rearview mirrors for the instructor's use when necessary.

Article 47 |||.

1. The person operating a primitive vehicle on a road must:

a) Drive the vehicle close to the right edge of the road or within the lane reserved for primitive vehicles;

b) Strictly comply with traffic signs on the road. Primitive vehicles are prohibited from using lanes reserved for motor vehicles;

c) Park the vehicle close to the curb or sidewalk without exceeding 0.25 meters, and animals pulling the vehicle must be securely tied to the curb.

2. The person operating an animal-drawn vehicle must clean up the excrement left by the animals on the road.

Article 48Persons walking must adhere to the following rules:

1. Walk on the sidewalk adjacent to the right side of the road, if there is no sidewalk, walk close to the right edge of the road.

2. At intersections with traffic lights or traffic police officers, pedestrians wishing to cross the road must use the designated pedestrian crossing and follow the traffic light signals or the instructions of the traffic police officer.

3. Children under seven years old must be accompanied by an adult when crossing the road or walking on it.

4. AT Where there is no dedicated pedestrian crossing, pedestrians must carefully observe and take responsibility for crossing the road. Pedestrians are not allowed to cross a two-way traffic median strip.

5. It is prohibited to jump onto or off moving trains or vehicles, or to cling to them. Objects should not be placed haphazardly, carried, or balanced on the roadway. If carrying long objects (bamboo, reeds...), they must be carried along the right edge of the sidewalk and when turning back, one must look out to avoid obstructing surrounding vehicles and people.

6. When crossing railway tracks, one must observe carefully; if there is no approaching train, one must quickly cross; if at a crossing with barriers and the barrier is closed, one must use the overpass (if available) or stop at least one meter away from the barrier. At crossings without barriers, one must observe carefully; if a train is approaching, one must stop at least five meters away from the outermost rail.

7. When walking in a group, there must be a guide and commander leading the group, and the group must stay close to the right edge of the road, leaving space for vehicles to pass.

8. Disabled persons and elderly individuals using non-motorized wheelchairs are allowed to walk on sidewalks and areas designated for pedestrians.

Article 49.

1. Herds of animals traveling on public roads must be accompanied by a handler who must keep the animals close to the right edge of the road; it is forbidden to lead animals into lanes reserved for motor vehicles.

2. It is prohibited to allow animals to roam freely or tie them to the road, including those used for pulling vehicles, transporting goods, or riding.

3. Handlers accompanying animals on public roads must clean up the excrement left by the animals on the road.

 

Chapter VI

TRAFFIC ORDER AND SAFETY IN URBAN AREAS

Article 50In addition to complying with the regulations set forth in the preceding Chapters, persons and vehicles participating in urban traffic must strictly adhere to the following regulations and detailed regulations on urban traffic order and safety issued by the People's Committees of provinces and centrally-administered cities. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).1. Persons and vehicles participating in urban traffic must follow the guidance of the urban traffic signal system, which includes: traffic signals, signs, markers, median strips, and road markings; travel in the designated lanes, sections, and directions.

Article 51.

2. It is strictly prohibited to proceed when facing a red light at intersections or when instructed to stop by traffic police.

3. Pedestrians must walk on sidewalks; where there are no sidewalks, they must walk close to the right edge of the road.

1. All types of vehicles must travel on designated routes. If special circumstances require entering restricted areas or roads, permission from the provincial or centrally-administered city police must be obtained.

Article 52.

2. On streets, pedestrians and all types of vehicles must follow the yielding principles specified in Clause 1 of Article 35, Clause 2 of Article 36, Articles 38, 40, 41, and 42, and the general principle below:

a) Pedestrians must yield to all types of vehicles;

b) Primitive vehicles must yield to motor vehicles;

c) Vehicles with lower speed must yield to vehicles with higher speed.

1. Restrictions on the circulation or prohibition of lotus flower vehicles, lam vehicles, bicycle rickshaws, and other primitive vehicles in urban areas are regulated by the People's Committees of provinces and centrally-administered cities.

Article 53.

2. Long-distance passenger buses are prohibited from picking up passengers on streets outside designated bus stations.

1. The use of horned vehicles, continuous honking, or revving engines is prohibited in all cases (except for emergency vehicles, police cars, and military vehicles performing special tasks).

Article 54.

1. Prohibit the use of horn-equipped vehicles, continuous honking, and revving engines in all circumstances (except for emergency vehicles, police cars, and military vehicles on special missions).

2. Prohibit all types of vehicles from sounding horns from 10 PM to 5 AM the following morning.

Article 55. Vehicles for urban environmental sanitation are allowed on all streets and can only operate from 6 PM to 6 AM the following morning.

Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).The People's Committee of provinces and centrally governed cities shall specify the operating hours and routes for earth-carrying vehicles and construction materials within urban areas.

Article 56.

1. Prohibit bicycles, motorcycles, and motorbikes from weaving, swerving dangerously, or performing other acts that endanger pedestrians.

2. Prohibit racing without permission from the Director of Provincial or Centrally Governed City Public Security Department.

3. Prohibit using umbrellas to shield from rain or sun, or using mobile phones while controlling bicycles, motorcycles, or motorbikes.

4. Motorcycles, motorbikes, and bicycles exiting from alleys, narrow streets, or houses onto main roads, or coming off ferries must yield to other vehicles and pedestrians approaching from any direction.

Article 57. Cyclists must comply with the following regulations:

1. Not ride bicycles in areas and roads marked with no-bicycle signs.

2. When controlling a bicycle on the road, not release both hands simultaneously, not pull another vehicle, not speed recklessly, not perform other dangerous actions, not ride abreast in groups of three or more, and prohibit sudden turns in front of motor vehicles.

3. Only park or stop bicycles along the curb or sidewalk at designated locations, and not obstruct traffic.

4. Only carry one person behind and one child under seven years old (held by an adult or seated in a separate seat) or two adults when one adult cannot sit alone due to health conditions.

5. The driver and passengers must not carry bulky items, drag anything, or lead animals while riding.

6. Children under twelve years old are prohibited from driving bicycles with wheel diameters of 650 mm or larger.

7. Not cling to other vehicles (including bicycles).

8. Prohibit cycling on sidewalks, flower gardens, or parks.

Article 58. For one-way streets, bicycles and pedicabs may only travel on the right half of the street, with pedicabs traveling single file. If there is a painted lane divider, bicycles and pedicabs must travel on the right lane, while motor vehicles travel on the left lane (except when necessary to enter the right lane to park or turn right).

Article 59.

1. Pedicabs must have registration plates, and drivers must hold a business license issued by the transportation authority; passenger-carrying pedicabs must have cushioned seats and covered tops ensuring aesthetics and cleanliness.

2. Simple vehicles must be equipped with bells, and at night, they must have lights at the front and red reflectors or red glass reflectors at the rear.

Article 60.

1. Goods loaded on simple vehicles pulled or pushed by people or animals must not extend beyond one-third of the length of the vehicle body in front or back. Goods must not exceed the width of the vehicle body. Specifically, bicycles and cargo bikes carrying goods or luggage must not exceed 0.4 meters on either side of the wheels, nor extend more than 1 meter in front or back of the vehicle. These vehicles can only operate according to specified times and routes without affecting traffic safety.

2. When goods extend beyond the front and back of the vehicle, even if not reaching the aforementioned limits, during the day, red flags must be displayed, and at night or in darkness, red lights must be hung at the ends of the protruding goods.

3. Unloading and loading goods onto vehicles between 10 PM and 5 AM in densely populated areas must not cause loud noise.

Article 61.

1. Prohibit carrying goods or luggage on the roof of three-wheeled motor vehicles, including lam cars.

2. Prohibit loading goods or luggage extending out of the sides of three-wheeled motor vehicles, including lam cars.

3. Prohibit carrying goods or items exceeding one-third of the length of the front and back of three-wheeled motor vehicles, including lam cars.

4. Prohibit passengers sitting next to the driver from operating the controls.

Article 62.

1. The roadway and sidewalks may only be used for traffic purposes. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).The People's Committee of provinces and centrally governed cities shall specify the detailed use of part of the sidewalk interior of certain special streets for selling various goods.

2. Prohibit large gatherings on sidewalks and roadways causing congestion and obstructing traffic. Such activities require permission from the Director of the Provincial or Centrally Governed City Public Security Department.

3. Prohibit any acts of occupying roadways, sidewalks, or streets for markets, displays, sales, advertising signs, material storage, or other actions affecting traffic safety and order.

4. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).The People's Committee of provinces and centrally governed cities shall specify the detailed rules for nighttime street vending on sidewalks, ensuring no traffic congestion, hygiene, and city aesthetics.

1. The subjects eligible for the award of the title "People's Doctor" and "Outstanding Doctor" include doctors, pharmacists, medical technicians, traditional medicine practitioners engaged in medical treatment, pharmaceutical production, medical research, disease prevention, epidemic control, and health management officials..

1. All agencies, units, organizations, and individuals must not arbitrarily park transport vehicles on sidewalks or roadways but must park them in designated areas. When constructing offices, agencies, hotels, restaurants, and public facilities, appropriate parking spaces must be provided before construction permits are granted.

2. In cases where parking spaces for transport vehicles cannot be constructed as stipulated in Clause 1 of this Article, they must be parked at designated points determined by the Director of the Department of Transportation (Public Works). This regulation replaces current permits but must ensure smooth traffic flow and not affect underground facilities beneath parking points.

Article 64. When it is necessary to excavate roads or sidewalks or use sidewalks for materials, a permit from the Department of Transportation (Public Works) is required, and work must be completed within the specified time frame. On main streets, work can only be carried out at night from 10 PM to 5 AM the following morning. During construction, measures must be taken to ensure the safety of traffic and pedestrians. Upon completion, the road and sidewalk surfaces must be immediately restored to their original condition.

Article 65. In case of fallen trees, broken utility poles, snapped power lines, or other unexpected incidents affecting traffic operations, responsible management authorities must promptly address the consequences to ensure safe and smooth traffic flow.

Article 66.

1. Prohibit dumping garbage or other objects or waste on sidewalks or streets. Vehicles carrying manure, garbage, waste, lime mortar, soil, sand, gravel, bricks, coal, ash... must be covered tightly and not allowed to spill or scatter dust on the street. If there is any spillage, the driver of the vehicle shall be responsible for promptly cleaning up and handling the consequences.

2. Vehicles transporting soil, sand, waste from construction sites or vice versa may only operate from 10 PM to 5 AM the following morning.

3. The construction site owner shall be responsible for cleaning the road before 6 AM every day.

Article 67.

1. Livestock walking on streets or sidewalks must be accompanied by a handler and have their mouths muzzled.

2. Leading livestock within urban areas must follow the regulations set by the People's Committee of the city.

3. Prohibit letting livestock roam freely on streets or sidewalks.

4. The person leading the livestock shall be responsible for promptly cleaning up the waste excreted by the livestock on streets or sidewalks.

5. The driver of a vehicle pulled by livestock must always walk beside the vehicle, except for the driver of a horse-drawn passenger carriage who may sit on the vehicle.

Article 68. Prohibit any unauthorized opening of manhole covers on sidewalks or roads. Upon discovering an open manhole cover, pedestrians or residents nearby must place warning signs and immediately report to the nearest police station or state agency to notify the Department of Transportation (Transportation) to handle the situation promptly.

Article 69.

1. Prohibit placing advertisements, signs, posters, billboards, planting trees that obstruct traffic signs or signals.

2. AT On busy streets, direct advertising, posters, and billboards must not be placed in positions that distract drivers' attention and affect traffic safety.

Article 70. Traffic management units and environmental sanitation units are responsible for maintaining clean streets and sidewalks; they must promptly repair damaged traffic facilities, traffic signals, and road markings to ensure safe and smooth traffic flow; they must take necessary measures to clean the road surface before 6 AM every day.

Article 71.

1. Prohibit the circulation on streets of motor vehicles using leaded gasoline (except special vehicles) or emitting black smoke causing environmental pollution.

2. Motor vehicles circulating on streets must meet the emission standards and noise levels specified by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Environment; they must be cleaned of mud and dirt adhering to the exterior of the vehicle.

3. Prohibit the circulation on streets of motor vehicles without mufflers.

Article 72.

1. At sections of streets or intersections with narrow spaces and obstructed views, necessary warning signs and signals must be installed, and dedicated pedestrian crossings must be provided.

2. In areas with commercial centers, theaters, schools, hospitals, dedicated pedestrian crossings must be arranged to facilitate entry and exit from these facilities.

 

Chapter VII

FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 73. These regulations shall take effect fifteen days from the date of issuance and shall replace the Road Traffic Safety Regulations and Urban Traffic Safety Regulations issued together with Decree No. 36/CP dated May 29, 1995 of the Government and Decree No. 75/1998/NĐ-CP dated September 26, 1998 of the Government.

Article 74. The Minister of Transport and the Chairman of the People's Committees of provinces and centrally governed cities shall implement these regulations based on the actual conditions of roads and bridges and within the scope of their delegated authority./.