Circular No. 52/2010/TT-BNNPTNT guiding the testing, recognition, and naming of new fertilizers

CIRCULAR

Guidelines for Testing, Recognizing, and Naming New Fertilizers

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Pursuant to Decree No. 01/2008/ND-CP dated January 3, 2008, of the Government stipulating the functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development; Decree No. 75/2009/ND-CP dated September 10, 2009, of the Government amending Article 3 of Decree No. 01/2008/ND-CP dated January 3, 2008, of the Government;

Pursuant to Decree No. 113/2003/ND-CP dated October 7, 2003, of the Government on the management of fertilizer production and business; Decree No. 191/2007/ND-CP dated December 31, 2007, of the Government amending and supplementing certain articles of Decree No. 113/2003/ND-CP dated October 7, 2003, of the Government on the management of fertilizer production and business;

Pursuant to Decree No. 15/2010/ND-CP dated March 1, 2010, of the Government stipulating administrative penalties in fertilizer production and business activities;

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development guides the implementation of testing, recognizing, and naming new fertilizers as follows:

PART I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of Regulation

This Circular stipulates conditions, procedures, and responsibilities for testing, recognizing, and naming new fertilizers and renaming fertilizers.

Article 2. Applicability

1. Domestic organizations and individuals and foreign organizations and individuals engaged in the fields of testing, recognizing, and naming new fertilizers and renaming fertilizers within the territory of Vietnam.

2. Foreign organizations and individuals wishing to register for fertilizer testing must have a legitimate representative office in Vietnam. In cases where there is no legitimate representative office in Vietnam, they must have a lease contract or authorization letter from another organization or individual in Vietnam to act as a legitimate representative for registration of testing.

Chapter II

TESTING AND RECOGNITION OF NEW FERTILIZERS

Article 3. Types of fertilizers not required to be tested

 Types of fertilizers specified in Clauses 2 and 4, Article 7 of the Regulations on the Production, Business, and Use of Fertilizers issued together with Circular No. 36/2010/TT-BNNPTNT dated June 24, 2010, of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development on the issuance of Regulations on the Production, Business, and Use of Fertilizers.

Article 4. Types of fertilizers required to be tested

New fertilizers produced domestically or newly imported, including organic fertilizers, foliar fertilizers, microbial fertilizers, bio-organic fertilizers, organic-microbial fertilizers, organic-mineral fertilizers, fertilizers supplemented with growth regulators, substances enhancing fertilizer efficiency, rare earth fertilizers, moisture-retaining substances in fertilizers, soil improvement substances not covered under Article 3 of this Circular and not listed in the "List of Fertilizers Permitted for Production, Business, and Use in Vietnam" (hereinafter referred to as the Fertilizer List).

Article 5. Conditions for new fertilizers to be tested

Types of fertilizers subject to the provisions of Article 4 of this Circular must meet the following conditions to be eligible for testing:

1. Compulsory nutrient content indices corresponding to each type of fertilizer must comply with the provisions at Point B, Appendix No. 3: Acceptable Nutrient Content and Mandatory Quantification for Elements in Fertilizers issued together with Circular No. 36/2010/TT-BNNPTNT dated June 24, 2010, of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development.

 2. For types of fertilizers registered for testing with similar components and nutrient contents to those already listed in the Fertilizer List or when one entity registers multiple types of fertilizers with similar components and nutrient contents, only the types of fertilizers with the minimum difference in the content of one nutrient element as stipulated in Appendix No. 1 attached to this Circular shall be tested.

Article 6. Registration Documents for Fertilizer Testing

Organizations and individuals with fertilizers for testing shall submit directly or send via postal service one (01) set of registration documents to the Crop Production Department, which includes:

1. A registration form for testing according to the model attached as Appendix No. 2 of this Circular;

2. A technical declaration according to the model prescribed in Appendix No. 3 attached to this Circular;

3. An effective fertilizer testing contract between the organization or individual applying for testing and the unit conducting fertilizer testing designated by the Crop Production Department pursuant to Article 8 of this Circular;

4. The outline of the testing program established by the unit conducting fertilizer testing and approved by the Scientific and Technological Council at the grassroots level established in accordance with Decision No. 36/2006/QĐ-BNN dated May 15, 2006 of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development on the issuance of regulations on the management of scientific and technological research projects;

5. A trademark search certificate from the National Office of Intellectual Property or a commitment from the organization or individual applying for testing affirming that the name of the fertilizer being tested does not duplicate any existing fertilizer names in the Fertilizer List or registered trademarks;

6. A certified copy of the Investment License or Business Registration Certificate still valid for organizations producing and trading in fertilizers, or a copy of the citizen identification card for individuals applying for testing.

Article 7. Issuing the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing

1. Within five (05) working days from the date of receipt of the registration documents, the Crop Production Department will review the documents. If the documents are complete, it will issue the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing according to the model attached as Appendix No. 4 of this Circular and collect the registration fee for testing as prescribed (if applicable).

2. In cases where the registration documents are incomplete, within five (05) working days from the date of receipt of the documents, the Crop Production Department will notify the organization or individual of the necessary supplements and corrections required by regulation.

3. Six (06) months from the date of issuance of the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing, if testing has not been conducted, the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing issued will become invalid. Organizations and individuals wishing to continue testing must re-register with the Crop Production Department, following the initial registration procedures stipulated in Article 6 of this Circular.

Article 8. Units Conducting Fertilizer Testing

1. Organizations designated as units conducting fertilizer testing must meet all conditions specified in Clause 2 of this Article and must be decided by the Director of the Crop Production Department to be designated as units conducting fertilizer testing.

2. Conditions for designation as units conducting fertilizer testing

a) Having functions and tasks related to testing or researching fertilizers as reflected in the establishment decision of the competent authority or in the valid business registration certificate;

b) Regarding human resources: having at least five (05) technical staff with a bachelor's degree or higher, including at least two (02) agricultural science staff, and the rest belonging to related fields such as chemistry, biology, and environment. Technical staff must have at least two (02) years of experience in testing or researching fertilizers;

c) Having adequate conditions for office space and laboratory document management systems;

d) Having sufficient land area for field testing experiments in accordance with the provisions of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development in the following documents:

- 10TCN 216-2003: Field Testing Standards for the Effectiveness of Various Types of Fertilizers on Crop Yield and Agricultural Product Quality;

- 10TCN 766-2006: Field Testing Standards for the Effectiveness of Fertilizers on Rice Plants;

- 10TCN 894-2006: Field Testing Standards for the Effectiveness of Fertilizers on Leafy Vegetables.

In cases where the required land area for testing is insufficient, there must be an effective land lease contract for testing purposes.

e) Having a fertilizer quality analysis laboratory recognized or designated by the competent authority, or having an effective contract with a recognized or designated fertilizer quality analysis laboratory to test fertilizer quality and related testing indicators.

3. Procedures and formalities for designating units conducting fertilizer testing

a) Registration documents:

Organizations applying to be designated as units conducting fertilizer testing need to submit directly or send via postal service one (01) set of registration documents to the Crop Production Department, which includes:

- A request form according to the model attached as Appendix No. 5 of this Circular;

- A declaration on human resource conditions, physical facilities, and equipment according to the model attached as Appendix No. 6 of this Circular;

b) Reviewing the conditions of organizations applying to be designated as units conducting fertilizer testing:

After receiving valid documents, within seven (07) working days, the Director of the Crop Production Department will organize an Evaluation Board to assess the conditions of the applying organizations. The maximum evaluation period is twenty (20) working days from the date of the Decision establishing the Board.

The evaluation process consists of three steps:

- Step 1: Reviewing the registration documents: based on the registration documents and comparing them with the conditions stipulated in Clause 2 of this Article, the Board will consider and decide on the contents to be evaluated in Step 2;

- Step 2: On-site evaluation at the organization applying to be designated as a unit conducting fertilizer testing, focusing on evaluating human resources, office space, laboratory document management systems, experimental land, soil and fertilizer analysis equipment.

At the end of Steps 1 and 2, the Board will prepare a record confirming the current conditions and means of the applying organization.

- Step 3: Based on the evaluation records from Steps 1 and 2, the Board will convene a meeting to discuss and conclude:

+ If the applying organization meets the conditions stipulated in Clause 2 of this Article, the Board will prepare a record recommending the Crop Production Department to designate it as a unit conducting fertilizer testing;

+ In cases where the on-site evaluation meets the conditions but the documents are incomplete, the Board will prepare a record detailing the necessary document supplements to be sent to the Crop Production Department for review and decision.

Designation of units conducting fertilizer testing:

Within five (05) working days from the date of receipt of the Minutes of the Appraisal Board:

- If the conditions stipulated are met, the Director of the Crop Production Department decides to designate the entity to conduct fertilizer testing and notifies:

+ The registering organization designated as the entity to conduct fertilizer testing;

+ The Department of Agriculture and Rural Development where the entity conducting fertilizer testing has its main office;

+ On the website of the Crop Production Department;

- If the conditions stipulated are met but the file is incomplete, the Crop Production Department informs the registering organization of the contents needed to supplement the file according to the Minutes of the Appraisal Board and specifies the time required for completion. Based on the supplemented and completed registration file, the Crop Production Department reviews and decides to designate or not designate the entity to conduct fertilizer testing;

d) The validity period of the Decision designating the entity to conduct fertilizer testing shall be a maximum of five (05) years. During the implementation of the testing, based on the actual inspection results, if it is found that the entity conducting fertilizer testing no longer meets the conditions stipulated in Clause 2 of this Article or violates the testing regulations, the Crop Production Department issues a document temporarily suspending or revoking the effectiveness of the designation decision already issued.

4. Redesignation of the entity to conduct fertilizer testing

a) At least two (02) months before the Decision designating the entity to conduct fertilizer testing expires, if there is a need for redesignation, the entity conducting fertilizer testing must submit directly or send via postal service one (01) set of files to the Crop Production Department, including:

- A request for redesignation according to the form at Appendix No. 5 promulgated together with this Circular;

- A declaration on human resource conditions, physical facilities, and equipment according to the model attached as Appendix No. 6 of this Circular;

- A summary report on the results of the fertilizer testing conducted in the most recent designation period according to the form at Appendix No. 7 promulgated together with this Circular;

b) Within ten (10) working days from the date of receipt of the valid registration file, the Crop Production Department appraises the registration file, and if necessary, organizes an on-site inspection. Based on the appraisal results, inspection results, and comparison with the provisions of Clause 2 of this Article, the Director of the Crop Production Department decides to redesignate or not redesignate the entity to conduct fertilizer testing.

Article 9. Conducting Testing

1. Prior to conducting testing, the entity conducting fertilizer testing must notify the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development where the testing will take place about the type of fertilizer, location, time, and content of the testing in writing.

2. The crop varieties, types of fertilizers, scale, duration, and location of the testing shall be carried out in accordance with the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing issued.

3. Content and methods of testing

a) In accordance with the Testing Regulations specified in point d, Clause 2, Article 8 of this Circular;

b) For testing contents without Testing Regulations issued by the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development, the entity conducting fertilizer testing must prepare a Testing Outline, clearly stating the testing method for each corresponding content.

4. Evaluation indicators monitored during fertilizer testing shall be carried out in accordance with the Testing Regulations specified in point d, Clause 2, Article 8 and in accordance with the provisions at Appendix No. 8 promulgated together with this Circular.

Article 10. Changing the Content of Fertilizer Testing

1. Within one (01) month from the date of receiving the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing, if there is a change in any of the contents previously specified, including the fertilizer name, composition, nutrient content, location, type of soil, or crop being tested, the organization or individual holding the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing must submit a written request for change to the Crop Production Department according to the model at Appendix No. 9 issued together with this Circular.

2. Within five (05) working days, the Crop Production Department will review the request, and if it is valid, accept the change in writing and send it to:

a) The organization or individual applying for fertilizer testing;

b) The unit conducting the fertilizer testing;

c) The Department of Agriculture and Rural Development where the testing is conducted.

3. After one (01) month from the date of issuance of the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing, if there is a change in the testing content, a new registration procedure must be initiated.

4. If the organization or individual holding the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing requests to transfer the right to apply for fertilizer testing to another organization or individual, then the organization or individual holding the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing must directly submit or mail via postal service one set of application documents to the Crop Production Department, which includes:

a) A request form for changing the content of fertilizer testing according to the model at Appendix No. 9 issued together with this Circular.

b) The original or notarized copy of the Minutes of Agreement on transferring the right to apply for fertilizer testing between the legal representative of the organization or individual holding the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing and the new organization or individual accepting the registration.

c) The original or notarized copy of the Contract between the legal representative of the new organization or individual accepting the registration and the unit conducting the fertilizer testing, if requesting to change the unit conducting the fertilizer testing different from the unit named in the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing.

d) Within five (05) working days, the Crop Production Department will review the application, and if it is valid, send a written acceptance of the change in the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing to relevant organizations and individuals. In case the application is not valid, within five (05) working days from the date of receipt of the application, the Crop Production Department will notify the organization or individual of the necessary supplements and corrections to the application according to regulations.

Article 11. Inspection of Fertilizer Testing Activities

1. Methods of inspection

a) Regular inspection:

During the testing period, the Crop Production Department conducts regular inspections at least once a year and up to twice a year for each unit conducting fertilizer testing. At least fifteen (15) days before the inspection, the Department will notify the unit to be inspected in writing about the time and content of the inspection.

b) Unannounced inspection:

In cases of suspicion regarding the implementation of fertilizer testing, the Crop Production Department will organize unannounced inspections without prior notice regarding the inspection content.

2. Procedure and Content of Inspection

a) Inspection Procedure:

- Forming an inspection team for fertilizer testing activities decided by the Director of the Crop Production Department. The inspection team consists of representatives from: the Crop Production Department, the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development where the testing takes place, or representatives of local authorities at the district or commune level where the fertilizer testing is conducted;

- Conducting inspections on the contents stipulated in point b clause 2 of this Article, and drafting the Inspection Report;

b) Content of inspection:

- Inspecting the actual conditions of the unit conducting fertilizer testing as prescribed in clause 2 of Article 8 of this Circular;

- Based on the Registration Certificate for Fertilizer Testing already issued, inspect the following contents:

+ Testing location

+ Testing period

+ Type of fertilizer being tested

+ Type of crop being tested

+ Testing procedures, arrangement of experimental formulas

+ Experiment tracking records and documents

- Drafting the Inspection Report according to the model at Appendix No. 10 issued together with this Circular.

- Upon completion of the inspection, the Head of the Inspection Team will draft a report on the inspection results and recommendations to the Crop Production Department and the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development where the unit conducting the fertilizer testing is located, proposing measures to address violations, the timeframe, and corrective actions (if any) for the inspected unit.

c) Handling Violations and Post-Inspection Remediation

- Based on the inspection team's report and the provisions of Decree No. 15/2010/NĐ-CP dated March 1, 2010 of the Government on administrative penalties for violations in fertilizer production and business activities, the Director of the Crop Production Department will decide on handling violations and require remediation of the violated contents, specifying the deadline for remediation;

- The remediated contents must be reported in writing to the Crop Production Department according to the specified time, and if necessary, the Director of the Crop Production Department may dispatch an inspection team to re-evaluate the remediation results of the violated contents;

- The inspection files for implementing fertilizer testing activities are retained by the Crop Production Department and included in the file for recognizing new fertilizers.

Article 12. Review of Fertilizer Testing Results

1. Application for Review and Recognition of New Fertilizers

After completing the testing process, the organization or individual registering for fertilizer testing must submit directly or send via postal service one (01) set of application files for review and recognition of new fertilizers to the Crop Cultivation Department, including:

a) An application form for review and recognition of new fertilizers according to the model specified in Appendix 11 issued together with this Circular;

b) A report on the testing results written according to the format prescribed in the Fertilizer Testing Regulations mentioned in Point d, Clause 2, Article 8, including the monitoring and evaluation criteria specified in Appendix 8 issued together with this Circular, signed and stamped by the head of the unit conducting the fertilizer testing;

c) A confirmation letter from the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development or local authority at the district or commune level regarding the testing process conducted locally;

d) A report explaining and supporting documents proving that the deficiencies and violations identified in the inspection record of the fertilizer testing have been rectified (if any) by the competent authority.

2. Organization of Review of Testing Results

a) Within no more than five (05) working days from the date of receiving complete and valid application files as stipulated in Clause 1 of this Article, the Crop Cultivation Department shall establish a Review Board for new fertilizer testing results;

b) Within no more than fifteen (15) working days from the date of issuance of the Decision establishing the Review Board by the Crop Cultivation Department, the Review Board shall convene a meeting to review and evaluate the new fertilizer testing results and send the minutes of the review to the Crop Cultivation Department;

c) Within no more than three (03) working days from the end of the Review Board meeting, the Crop Cultivation Department shall notify the testing registration unit of the Review Board's conclusion minutes regarding the contents that need to be revised in the testing result report and to complete the application files for recognition of new fertilizers.

Article 13. Recognition of New Fertilizers

1. Within no more than twenty (20) working days after receiving the Review Board's minutes, the organization or individual registering for fertilizer testing must finalize the official testing result report and the application files for recognition of new fertilizers as required and send them to the Crop Cultivation Department.

2. Within no more than five (05) working days after receiving the finalized official report and valid application files, the Director of the Crop Cultivation Department shall issue a decision recognizing new fertilizers.

Chapter III

NAMING AND RENAMING OF FERTILIZERS

Article 14. Principles for Naming New Fertilizers

1. Each type of fertilizer included in the Fertilizer List shall have only one unique name in accordance with the provisions of Government Decree No. 89/2006/NĐ-CP dated August 30, 2006 on product labeling; Circular No. 09/2007/TT-BKHCN dated April 6, 2007 of the Minister of Science and Technology guiding the implementation of certain provisions of Government Decree No. 89/2006/NĐ-CP dated August 30, 2006 on product labeling, and in accordance with the provisions of this Circular.

2. The following naming styles are not accepted:

a) Consisting solely of numbers;

b) Violating social ethics;

c) Being identical or similar enough to cause confusion with the name registered on the label of another protected fertilizer product;

d) Causing misunderstanding about the nature and function of the fertilizer;

đ) Fertilizers produced for use in Vietnam but named entirely in a foreign language, except for fertilizers produced in Vietnam solely for export or under contracts with foreign partners.

3. For imported fertilizers with names in a foreign language, if they wish to include a Vietnamese name, the Vietnamese name must comply with the provisions of Clause 1 and Clause 2 of this Article.

Article 15. Procedure for registering new fertilizer names

1. Organizations and individuals must register new fertilizer names together with the application dossier for trial (for fertilizers that require trials) or together with the application dossier for inclusion in the Fertilizer List;

2. The Crop Production Department shall examine new fertilizer names; in cases where they do not comply with the provisions of Clause 1 and Clause 2 of Article 14 of this Circular, it shall notify organizations and individuals to change the name accordingly;

3. The official name of a new fertilizer is the name recorded in the Decision recognizing such fertilizer type (for fertilizers that require trials) or the name recorded in the Fertilizer List.

Article 16. Changing Fertilizer Names

1. During production, business operation, and use, organizations and individuals have the right to change fertilizer names.

2. Conditions for changing fertilizer names

a) It only applies to fertilizers currently undergoing trials or those already included in the Fertilizer List when transferring contracts or fully transferring technology;

b) The new fertilizer name replacing the old one must comply with the provisions of Article 14 of this Circular.

3. Procedures for changing fertilizer names

Organizations and individuals with fertilizers registered for name changes in compliance with Clause 1 and Clause 2 of Article 14 of this Circular shall submit directly or send via postal service one (01) set of application dossiers to the Crop Production Department, which includes:

a) A fertilizer name change registration form according to Model 12 issued along with this Circular;

b) A commitment statement that the changed fertilizer name does not duplicate existing fertilizer names in the Fertilizer List or on other protected fertilizer product labels;

c) An original or certified copy of the valid transfer or full technology transfer contract between the parties;

d) The Crop Production Department will accept and examine the application, and respond in writing to the organization or individual applying about accepting or rejecting the proposed name change. If the name change is valid, it will be submitted to the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development for adjustment of the corresponding fertilizer name in the Fertilizer List.

The examination and resolution period is seven (07) working days from the date of receipt of a complete application dossier, including:

- Maximum two (02) days for receiving and reviewing the dossier;

- Maximum five (05) days for examination and response.

Chapter IV

ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES AND HANDLING OF VIOLATIONS

Article 17. Responsibilities of the Crop Production Department

1. Examine application dossiers for fertilizer trials, issue and revoke the Registration Certificate for fertilizer trials.

2. Organize the examination and decide on the designation of units to conduct fertilizer trials; inspect the activities of units conducting fertilizer trials.

3. Organize the Examination Council to review the results of new fertilizer trials.

4. Decide to recognize new fertilizers to submit to the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development for inclusion in the Fertilizer List.

5. Examine application dossiers for changing fertilizer names to submit to the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development for adjusting the names of fertilizers in the Fertilizer List.

6. Organize inspections and handle violations in fertilizer trials, naming, and renaming according to its authority or recommend handling such violations.

Article 18. Responsibilities of the Science, Technology, and Environment Department

1. Compile plans for scientific research and application of advanced techniques related to fertilizers to submit to the Ministry.

2. Compile plans for developing, revising, supplementing, replacing, or abolishing national standards on fertilizers to submit to the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development for submission to the Ministry of Science and Technology for examination and publication.

3. Coordinate with the Crop Production Department to organize examinations and recognition of new fertilizers or new technical measures in the field of fertilizers.

Article 19. Responsibilities of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development

Coordinate with the Crop Cultivation Department to inspect and handle violations related to new fertilizer testing activities at the local level.

Article 20. Responsibilities of the People's Committee of the district and commune levels

Monitor and confirm new fertilizer testing activities at the local level.

Article 21. Responsibilities of the entity conducting the fertilizer testing

1. Conduct fertilizer testing in accordance with Article 9 of this Circular, in compliance with the contents of the registration test certificate and the signed contract with the organization or individual registering for fertilizer testing.

2. Report to the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, the district and commune authorities where the testing takes place regarding the time, location, type of fertilizer, and crop being tested.

3. Upon completion of the testing, prepare a report on the testing results, cooperate with the organization or individual registering for fertilizer testing to complete the report and application for recognition of the new fertilizer, and submit them to the Crop Cultivation Department within the timeframe specified in Article 12 of this Circular.

Article 22. Responsibilities of organizations and individuals registering for fertilizer testing

1. Must strictly comply with the provisions of this Circular and other relevant laws.

2. Closely coordinate with the entity conducting the fertilizer testing to complete the report on the testing results and the application for recognition of the new fertilizer as prescribed.

3. Pay registration fees for testing and renaming fertilizers (if applicable) as stipulated by law; reimburse testing fees according to the contract with the entity conducting the testing.

Article 23. Handling Violations

Organizations and individuals violating regulations on testing, recognizing, and naming fertilizers shall be subject to handling according to the nature and degree of violation as prescribed in Decree No. 15/2010/NĐ-CP dated March 1, 2010 of the Government on administrative penalties for violations in fertilizer production and business activities.

The Director of the Crop Cultivation Department may decide to temporarily suspend operations or revoke the effectiveness of the designation decision for entities conducting fertilizer testing that have committed violations.

Article 24. Implementation Provisions

This Circular takes effect 45 days from the date of signature, replacing Decision No. 129/2008/QĐ-BNN dated December 31, 2008 of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development on the issuance of regulations on testing, recognizing, and naming new fertilizers.

Article 25. Transitional Provisions

Fertilizers that have been granted a registration test certificate or have submitted a renaming registration application before the effective date of this Circular will continue to be tested and considered for recognition under Decision No. 129/2008/QĐ-BNN dated December 31, 2008 of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development on the issuance of regulations on testing, recognizing, and naming new fertilizers./.