Circular No. 10/2009/TT-BGTVT on Technical Safety Inspection and Environmental Protection for Road Motor Vehicles

MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION
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SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM
Independence – Freedom – Happiness
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Number: 10/2009/TT-BGTVT

Hanoi, June 24, 2009

Place of Receipt:
- As Article 6;
- Office of the Government (for comments);
- Ministries, Agencies Equivalent to Ministries, Government Agencies;
||| - People's Committees of provinces and centrally-administered cities;
Deputy Ministers of the Ministry of Transport;
- Ministry of Justice's Legal Documents Inspection Department;
- Official Gazette;
- Government Website, Ministry of Transport Website;
- To be filed: VT, KHCN.

THE MINISTER


Ho Ngoc Dung

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

1.1

License plate: Must be complete, properly formatted, clear, without cracks or breaks, securely fastened, and in the correct position.

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Insufficient quantity, not securely installed;

b) Not conforming to specifications; letters and numbers unclear or not matching the registration.

1.2

Frame number

Observation, comparison with vehicle documentation.

a) Not complete or not in the correct position;

b) Repaired or erased;

c) Letters and numbers unclear or not matching the vehicle documentation.

1.3

Engine number

Observation, comparison with vehicle documentation.

1.4

 Color

Observation.

 Not matching the color registered.

1.5

 Type and size of vehicle

Observation, using a measuring tape.

Not matching the technical documentation.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

2.1. Frame and Connections

2.1. Frame and Connections

2.1. Frame and Connections

2.1. Frame and Connections

2.1.1

Overall Condition

Observation when the vehicle is on a lift or equipment.

a) Not conforming to type;

b) Cracked, broken, or deformed, warped to a noticeable extent;

c) Connections not secure;

d) Rot or rust affecting structure.

2.1.2

Side and Rear Guarding Equipment

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not securely installed;

b) Cracked, broken, or damaged causing danger.

2.1.3

Tow Hook

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Cracked, broken, deformed, or excessively worn;

c) Snag or brake release mechanism opens automatically;

d) Safety chain or cable (if present) not securely installed.

2.2. Body, Driver's Cabin, Cargo Compartment

2.2. Body, Driver's Cabin, Cargo Compartment

2.2. Body, Driver's Cabin, Cargo Compartment

2.2. Body, Driver's Cabin, Cargo Compartment

2.2.1

Overall Condition

Observation.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed, unbalanced on the frame;

b) Cracked, broken, punctured, rotten, rusty, deformed;

c) Air leakage from the engine or exhaust into the passenger compartment.

2.2.2

Cross Beams, Longitudinal Beams

Observation, combined with manual shaking when the vehicle is on a lift or equipment.

a) Not complete or not securely installed, not in the correct position;

b) Cracked, broken, rotten, or deformed.

2.2.3

Doors and Door Handles

Close and open doors and observe, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Hinges, locks missing, loose, or damaged;

c) Do not close or open smoothly;

d) Open or close incompletely.

2.2.4

Locking Mechanism, Opening Driver's Cabin; Cargo Compartment; Luggage Compartment; Brake Lock Mechanism

Close and open the cabin, cargo compartment, luggage compartment... and observe, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Lock does not open smoothly or opens automatically;

c) Does not function.

2.2.5

Floor

Observe both above and below the vehicle.

a) Not securely installed;

b) Punctured, torn.

2.2.6

Driver's Seat, Seating

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not matching technical documentation or incorrect arrangement and size;

b) Not securely installed;

c) Adjustment mechanism (if present) does not function;

d) Torn, worn, rotten, rusted.

2.2.7

Step Up

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Cracked, broken, rotten, punctured causing danger.

2.2.8

Handrails, Support Columns

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Cracked, broken, rotten causing danger.

2.2.9

Cargo Rack, Luggage Compartment

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Cracked, broken, rotten or punctured, torn.

2.2.10

Mudguards

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Insufficient to cover the wheels;

c) Torn, punctured, rotten or broken.

2.3. Swivel Wheel, Coupling Pin of Tractor Truck, Semi-Trailer, and Trailer

2.3. Swivel Wheel, Coupling Pin of Tractor Truck, Semi-Trailer, and Trailer

2.3. Swivel Wheel, Coupling Pin of Tractor Truck, Semi-Trailer, and Trailer

2.3. Swivel Wheel, Coupling Pin of Tractor Truck, Semi-Trailer, and Trailer

2.3.1

Overall Condition

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Components deformed, broken, cracked or excessively worn.

2.3.2

Operation

Close and open coupling pin brake lock and observe.

Coupling pin lock mechanism does not operate properly.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

3.1

View

Observe from driver's seat.

Additional objects installed that limit the driver's forward or side view.

3.2

Windshield

Observation.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Not conforming to specifications or not being safety glass or multi-pane glass;

c) Cracked, fractured, or changed color;

d) Obscured or unclear observation image.

3.3

Rearview mirror

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) The left exterior mirror cannot observe at least a width of 2.5 meters from a position 10 meters behind the mirror;

c) The right exterior mirror of passenger cars and trucks with a total weight not exceeding 2 tons cannot observe at least a width of 4 meters from a position 20 meters behind the mirror; for other types of vehicles, it cannot observe at least a width of 3.5 meters from a position 30 meters behind the mirror;

d) Obscured or unclear observation image;

e) Fractured, cracked, or unadjustable.

3.4

Wipers

Operate and observe, combine with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Blade worn out excessively;

c) The swept area does not ensure the driver's field of view;

d) Does not operate normally.

3.5

Windshield washer spray

Operate and observe, combine with manual shaking.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Does not operate or sprays incorrectly onto the wiper's swept area.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

4.1. Electrical System

4.1. Electrical System

4.1. Electrical System

4.1. Electrical System

4.1.1

Wiring

Park on a ramp or lifting device, inspect the wiring at the top and bottom parts of the vehicle, inside the engine compartment by visual inspection combined with manual shaking.

a) Loose installation or incorrect positioning;

b) Insulation damage;

c) Signs of abrasion against moving parts.

4.1.2

C ÷ +60

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Loose installation or incorrect positioning;

b) Leakage of refrigerant.

4.2. Front Lighting

4.2. Front Lighting

4.2. Front Lighting

4.2. Front Lighting

4.2.1

Condition and Operation

Turn on and off the lights and observe, combine with manual shaking.

a) Incomplete or incorrect type;

b) Incorrectly installed or loose;

c) Does not light up when the switch is turned on;

d) Lens or reflector is cloudy or cracked, broken;

e) Light color is not white, white-blue, or pale yellow.

4.2.2

Beam characteristics of high beam headlights (floodlights)

Use a light measuring device: Place the measurement chamber in the center of the front of the vehicle at a distance according to the manufacturer's instructions, adjust the measurement chamber parallel to the front of the vehicle; push the measurement chamber towards the light to be tested and adjust it to the center of the light to be tested; turn on the light while the engine is running, press the measurement button and record the result.

a) Beam shape is incorrect;

b) Center of the brightest region is above the horizontal axis 0%;

c) Center of the brightest region is below the horizontal axis 2% for lights mounted no higher than 850 mm above ground or below the horizontal axis 2.75% for lights mounted higher than 850 mm above ground;

d) Center of the brightest region deviates left from the vertical axis 0%;

e) Center of the brightest region deviates right from the vertical axis 2%;

f) Brightness is less than 10,000 cd.

4.2.3

Beam characteristics of low beam headlights (spotlights)

Use a light measuring device: Adjust the measurement chamber position similarly to Section 4.2.2 of this Appendix; turn on the light to be tested while the engine is running, place the light screen down 1.3% if the distance from the center of the light to the ground is no more than 850 mm and 2% if the distance from the center of the light to the ground is greater than 850 mm, press the measurement button and record the result.

a) Beam shape is incorrect;

b) Intersection of the bright-dark boundary line and the protruding part of the beam shape deviates left from the vertical axis 0%;

c) Intersection of the bright-dark boundary line and the protruding part of the beam shape deviates right from the vertical axis 2%;

d) Bright-dark boundary line is above the horizontal axis 0.5% for lights mounted no higher than 850 mm above ground or above the horizontal axis 1.25% for lights mounted higher than 850 mm above ground;

e) Bright-dark boundary line is below the horizontal axis 2% for lights mounted no higher than 850 mm above ground or below the horizontal axis 2.75% for lights mounted higher than 850 mm above ground.

4.3. Front, rear, and side marker lights

4.3. Front, rear, and side marker lights

4.3. Front, rear, and side marker lights

4.3. Front, rear, and side marker lights

4.3.1

Condition and Operation

Turn on and off the lights and observe, combine with manual shaking.

a) Incomplete or incorrect type;

b) Incorrectly installed or loose;

c) Does not light up when the switch is turned on;

d) Reflector or diffusing lens is cloudy or cracked, broken;

e) Light color is not white or pale yellow for front lights and not red for rear lights;

f) When the switch is turned on, the number of lights operating simultaneously does not follow symmetrical pairs, not synchronized in color and size.

4.3.2

Light intensity requirements

Turn on the lights and observe from a distance of 10 meters under daylight conditions.

Light intensity and emission area do not ensure visibility at a distance of 10 meters under daylight conditions.

4.4. Turn signal lights and hazard warning lights

4.4. Turn signal lights and hazard warning lights

4.4. Turn signal lights and hazard warning lights

4.4. Turn signal lights and hazard warning lights

4.4.1

Condition and Operation

Turn on and off the lights and observe, combine with manual shaking.

a) Incomplete or incorrect type;

b) Incorrectly installed or loose;

c) Does not operate when the switch is turned on;

d) Reflector or diffusing lens is cloudy or cracked, broken;

d) Light color: front lights are not yellow, rear lights are not yellow or red;

e) When the switch is turned on, the number of lights operating simultaneously does not follow symmetrical pairs, not synchronized in color and size; do not operate simultaneously, not at the same flash frequency.

4.4.2

Light intensity requirements

Turn on the lights and observe from a distance of 20 meters under daylight conditions.

Light intensity and emission area do not ensure visibility at a distance of 20 meters under daylight conditions.

4.4.3

Delay time and flash frequency

Turn on the lights and observe, if the delay time and flash frequency may not be guaranteed, use a timer to check.

a) Lights turn on after 3 seconds from turning on the switch;

b) Flash frequency is not within the range of 60 to 120 times per minute.

4.5. Brake lights

4.5. Brake lights

4.5. Brake lights

4.5. Brake lights

4.5.1

Condition and Operation

Press and release the brake pedal and observe, combine with manual shaking.

a) Incomplete or incorrect type;

b) Incorrectly installed or loose;

c) Does not light up when braking;

d) Reflector or diffusing lens is cloudy or cracked, broken;

d) Light color is not red;

e) When pressing the brake pedal, the number of lights operating simultaneously of symmetrical pairs does not synchronize in color and size.

4.5.2

Light intensity requirements

Press the brake pedal and observe from a distance of 20 meters under daylight conditions.

Light intensity and emission area do not ensure visibility at a distance of 20 meters under daylight conditions.

4.6. Reverse lights

4.6. Reverse lights

4.6. Reverse lights

4.6. Reverse lights

4.6.1

Condition and Operation

Shift into reverse gear and observe, combine with manual shaking.

a) Incomplete or incorrect type;

b) Incorrectly installed or loose;

c) Does not light up when shifting into reverse;

d) Reflector or diffusing lens is cloudy or cracked, broken;

d) Light color is not white.

4.6.2

Light intensity requirements

Shift into reverse gear and observe from a distance of 20 meters under daylight conditions.

Light intensity and emission area do not ensure visibility at a distance of 20 meters under daylight conditions.

4.7. License plate lights

4.7. License plate lights

4.7. License plate lights

4.7. License plate lights

4.7.1

Condition and Operation

Turn off and on the lights and observe, combine with manual shaking.

a) Incomplete or incorrect type;

b) Incorrectly installed or loose;

c) Does not light up when the switch is turned on;

d) Diffusing lens is cloudy or cracked, broken;

d) Light color is not white.

4.7.2

Light intensity requirements

Turn on the lights and observe from a distance of 10 meters under daylight conditions.

Light intensity and emission area do not ensure visibility at a distance of 10 meters under daylight conditions.

4.8. Horn

4.8. Horn

4.8. Horn

4.8. Horn

4.8.1

Condition and Operation

Press the horn and observe, combine with listening to the sound of the horn.

a) Sound is not continuous, volume is unstable;

b) Damaged control, not easily controllable, or improperly installed.

4.8.2

Volume

Check with a sound level meter if the horn volume is too low or too high: place the microphone 2 meters from the front of the vehicle, 1.2 meters above ground level, centered and facing the front of the vehicle; press the horn and record the sound level value.

a) Volume less than 90 dB(A).

b) Volume greater than 115 dB(A).

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

5.1. Wheels

5.1. Wheels

5.1. Wheels

5.1. Wheels

5.1.1

Overall Condition

Park the vehicle on a wheel test pit or lift it off the ground using lifting equipment. Shake each wheel vertically and horizontally combined with applying the brake to check for loose wheel bearings. Rotate the wheels to check for smooth rotation and observe, using a hammer to tap while checking. Use a tire pressure gauge if the tire pressure does not meet the manufacturer's specifications.

a) Not complete or incorrect size of tires according to the manufacturer or technical documentation.

b) Loose or incomplete installation or damaged clamping and loosening details.

c) Incorrect tire pressure.

d) Incorrect type or damaged rims, discs, cracks, or warping.

đ) Brake pads not tightly fitted to the rim.

e) Tires cracked, broken, or blistered exposing the reinforcing fabric layer.

g) Steering tires on both sides have different tread patterns or heights, or are patched.

h) Uneven tire wear or worn down to the manufacturer's wear indicator.

i) The wheel rotates with obstruction, not smoothly or rubbing against other parts.

k) Loose wheel bearing.

5.1.2

Lateral slip of steering wheels

Drive straight through the lateral slip testing device at a speed of 5 km/h without turning the steering wheel.

Lateral slip of steering wheels exceeds 5 mm/m.

5.1.3

Spare tire mounting and spare tire

Observation.

a) Mounting bracket cracked or not secure.

b) Spare tire not securely mounted.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

6.1. Pressure gauge, pressure indicator

6.1. Pressure gauge, pressure indicator

6.1. Pressure gauge, pressure indicator

6.1. Pressure gauge, pressure indicator

Condition and Operation

Operate the system and observe.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Malfunctions or damage.

6.2. Brake actuation mechanism

6.2. Brake actuation mechanism

6.2. Brake actuation mechanism

6.2. Brake actuation mechanism

6.2.1

Brake pedal shaft

Press and release the brake pedal and observe, using your hand to shake. For systems with power assist, turn off the engine during inspection.

a) Missing components, loose.

b) Shaft rotates too stiffly.

c) Bushings or shaft excessively worn or loose.

6.2.2

Condition of the brake pedal and pedal travel

Press and release the brake pedal and observe, using your hand to shake. If the travel is not adequate, measure with a ruler.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Cracks, breaks, warping.

c) Pedal does not return properly when released.

d) Brake pedal lacks free travel and/or reserve travel.

đ) Anti-slip surface not securely fastened, missing, or excessively worn.

6.2.3

Parking brake lever or pedal

Pull and release the parking brake lever or press and release the parking brake pedal and observe, using your hand to shake.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Cracks, breaks, warping.

c) Parking brake not effective.

d) Lock or parking brake mechanism excessively worn.

đ) Working stroke not within the manufacturer's specifications.

6.2.4

Hand-operated brake valve

Close and open the valve and observe, using your hand to shake.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Control part cracked, damaged, or excessively worn.

c) Valve operates incorrectly or unstably; loose connections or leaks in the system.

6.2.5

Hard pipe, flexible hose

Operate the system and observe, using your hand to shake.

a) Incorrect type or improperly installed, not secure.

b) Evidence of contact with other parts of the vehicle.

c) Pipe or connection leaking.

d) Hard pipe cracked, broken, deformed, or excessively worn, corroded; Flexible hose cracked, broken, swollen, twisted, or excessively worn, too short.

6.2.6

Cable, pull rod, push rod, connections

Operate the system and observe, using your hand to shake.

a) Incorrect type or improperly installed, not secure.

b) Evidence of contact with other parts of the vehicle.

c) Cracked, broken, deformed, or excessively worn, corroded.

d) Missing clamping and loosening details.

đ) Cable frayed, knotted, jammed, or slack.

6.2.7

Trailer brake coupling

Observation, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Lock or automatic valve damaged.

c) Lock or valve not secure or improperly installed.

d) Leaking.

6.2.8

Actuator mechanism (brake drum or brake cylinder)

Operate the system and observe, using your hand to shake.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Cracked, broken, shattered, deformed, or excessively worn, corroded.

c) Leaking.

d) Missing components, loose.

6.3. Vacuum pump, air compressor, valves, and reservoir

6.3. Vacuum pump, air compressor, valves, and reservoir

6.3. Vacuum pump, air compressor, valves, and reservoir

6.3. Vacuum pump, air compressor, valves, and reservoir

6.3.1

Vacuum pump, air compressor, reservoir, safety valves, drain valves...

Operate the system at working pressure. Observe, using your hand to shake the parts.

a) Incomplete or incorrect technical documentation or improperly installed, not secure.

b) Pressure drops significantly or audible air leakage.

c) Reservoir cracked, broken, deformed, or corroded.

d) Safety valves, drain valves... not functioning.

6.3.2

Brake valves

Operate the system and observe, using your hand to shake.

a) Incorrect type or improperly installed, not secure.

b) Damaged or leaking.

6.3.3

Brake booster, main brake cylinder

Operate the system and observe, using your hand to shake.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Booster damaged or not functioning.

c) Main brake cylinder damaged or leaking.

d) Insufficient brake fluid or brake fluid warning light on.

đ) Brake fluid reservoir cap not tight or missing.

6.4. Operation and effectiveness of the main brakes

6.4. Operation and effectiveness of the main brakes

6.4. Operation and effectiveness of the main brakes

6.4. Operation and effectiveness of the main brakes

6.4.1

Operation

Test on the road or on a brake test pad. Gradually press the brake pedal to full travel. Monitor changes in braking force on all wheels.

a) Braking force not applied to one or more wheels or pedal force not as specified.

b) Unusual variation in braking force.

c) Abnormal delay in brake mechanism operation on any wheel.

6.4.2

Brake effectiveness on the test pad

Test unloaded vehicle braking on the brake test pad. Start the engine, gearshift in neutral position. Apply steady brake pressure until full travel. Record:

- Difference in braking force between two wheels on the same axle KSL

- Overall braking efficiency KP

a) Difference in braking force between two wheels on the same axle KSL1 greater than 25%.

b) Overall braking efficiency of the vehicle KP2 does not meet the minimum values specified for the following types of vehicles:

- Trucks; special purpose vehicles with a gross weight not exceeding 12,000 kg and passenger cars: 50%.

- Trucks; special purpose vehicles with a gross weight exceeding 12,000 kg; truck tractors; semi-trailers; trailers; and articulated trucks: 45%.

Note:

1) KSL = (FP large – FP small) / FP large .100%; where FP large, FP small are the larger and smaller braking forces of the two wheels on the same axle respectively.

2) KP = ∑ FPi / G .100%; where ∑ FPi is the total braking force on all wheels, G is the weight of the vehicle during the brake test.

6.4.3

Brake effectiveness on the road

Check the braking distance or deceleration when braking and the deviation of the movement trajectory. Test the braking of an unloaded vehicle at a speed of 30 km/h on a flat, dry concrete or asphalt surface with a friction coefficient not less than 0.6. Disconnect the engine from the powertrain, apply the brake pedal evenly throughout its travel until the vehicle comes to a complete stop. Observe and record the braking distance SPh or use equipment to measure the maximum deceleration during braking jPmax.

a) When the braking trajectory of the vehicle deviates more than 80 degrees from the initial direction of movement and the vehicle deviates from the braking lane by 3.50 meters;

b) The braking distance SPh exceeds the minimum value as follows:

- Passenger cars, including specialized passenger cars with up to 9 seats (including the driver): 7.2 meters

- Trucks; specialized vehicles with a total weight not exceeding 8,000 kg; passenger vehicles with more than 9 seats (including the driver) and a total length not exceeding 7.5 meters: 9.5 meters

- Trucks; specialized vehicles with a total weight exceeding 8,000 kg; passenger vehicles with more than 9 seats (including the driver) and a total length exceeding 7.5 meters: 11 meters

- Trolleybuses, motorized rickshaws: 8.2 meters

c) The maximum deceleration during braking jPmax does not reach the minimum value as follows:

- Passenger cars, including specialized passenger cars with up to 9 seats (including the driver): 5.8 m/s²

- Trucks; specialized vehicles with a total weight not exceeding 8,000 kg; passenger vehicles with more than 9 seats (including the driver) and a total length not exceeding 7.5 meters: 5.0 m/s²

- Trucks; specialized vehicles with a total weight exceeding 8,000 kg; passenger vehicles with more than 9 seats (including the driver) and a total length exceeding 7.5 meters: 4.2 m/s²

6.5. Operation and effectiveness of the parking brake system

6.5. Operation and effectiveness of the parking brake system

6.5. Operation and effectiveness of the parking brake system

6.5. Operation and effectiveness of the parking brake system

6.5.1

Operation

Test on the road or on a braking test strip.

There is no braking effect on one wheel.

6.5.2

Braking Efficiency

Test the braking of an unloaded vehicle at a speed of 15 km/h on the road under conditions and testing methods as specified in Section 6.4.3 of this Appendix, or test on a 20% slope or on a braking test strip.

a) On the road: the braking distance is greater than 6 meters;

b) On a 20% slope: the parking brake cannot hold the vehicle stationary on the slope;

c) On a braking test strip: the total parking brake force on the wheels is less than 16% of the vehicle's weight during the test.

6.6. Operation of other braking equipment

6.6. Operation of other braking equipment

6.6. Operation of other braking equipment

6.6. Operation of other braking equipment

6.6.1

Engine retarder

Activate the system, observe; listen to the sound of the engine.

The system does not operate.

6.6.2

Anti-lock braking system

Observe the warning device.

a) The warning device is damaged;

b) The warning device signals a malfunction in the system.

6.6.3

Automatic trailer brake

Disconnect the braking system between the tractor and the trailer.

The trailer brake does not automatically engage upon disconnection.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

7.1. Steering Wheel, Steering Arm of Three-Wheel Vehicles with One Steering Wheel

7.1. Steering Wheel, Steering Arm of Three-Wheel Vehicles with One Steering Wheel

7.1. Steering Wheel, Steering Arm of Three-Wheel Vehicles with One Steering Wheel

7.1. Steering Wheel, Steering Arm of Three-Wheel Vehicles with One Steering Wheel

7.1.1

Overall Condition

Manually shake the steering wheel and steering arm along the horizontal and longitudinal axes, observe.

a) Incorrect type or improper installation, not secure;

b) Relative movement between the steering wheel, steering arm, and steering shaft due to looseness;

c) Cracks, breaks, deformation, or looseness in the steering wheel, steering arm.

7.1.2

Steering wheel free play

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, start the engine if it has power steering, position the steering wheel straight, turn the steering wheel to both sides without moving the steering wheel, measure the free travel.

The movement of a point on the steering wheel exceeds 1/5 of the steering wheel diameter.

7.2. Steering Column and Steering Shaft

7.2. Steering Column and Steering Shaft

7.2. Steering Column and Steering Shaft

7.2. Steering Column and Steering Shaft

Overall Condition

Manually shake the steering wheel along the horizontal and longitudinal axes, observe.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Loose steering shaft longitudinally or laterally;

c) Cracks, breaks, deformation;

d) Adjustment mechanism for steering angle does not securely lock the position.

7.3. Steering Mechanism

7.3. Steering Mechanism

7.3. Steering Mechanism

7.3. Steering Mechanism

Overall Condition

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, start the engine if it has power steering, observe while manually shaking.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Missing or damaged components, loose connections;

c) Cracks, breakage;

d) Missing or torn dust covers;

đ) Oil leakage.

7.4. Operation of the Steering Shaft and Steering Mechanism

7.4. Operation of the Steering Shaft and Steering Mechanism

7.4. Operation of the Steering Shaft and Steering Mechanism

7.4. Operation of the Steering Shaft and Steering Mechanism

Operation

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, start the engine if it has power steering, lift the steering wheel off the ground, turn the steering wheel fully to both sides, and observe while manually shaking.

a) Jamming when turning;

b) Non-smooth movement, jerky;

c) Abnormal steering effort; Significant difference between left and right steering effort;

d) Significant difference between left and right steering wheel turning angles;

đ) Abnormal noise in the steering mechanism.

7.5. Steering Linkages and Arms

7.5. Steering Linkages and Arms

7.5. Steering Linkages and Arms

7.5. Steering Linkages and Arms

7.5.1

Overall Condition

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, observe while manually shaking.

a) Incorrect type or insecure installation;

b) Missing or damaged components, loose connections;

c) Signs of rubbing against other parts of the vehicle;

d) Cracks, breaks, deformation.

7.5.2

Operation

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, lift the steering wheel just enough to still contact the ground, start the engine if it has power steering, turn the steering wheel fully to both sides with varying steering effort, and observe.

a) Movement interfering with other components;

b) Non-smooth movement, jerky;

c) Excessive movement.

7.6. Universal Joints and Steering Joints

7.6. Universal Joints and Steering Joints

7.6. Universal Joints and Steering Joints

7.6. Universal Joints and Steering Joints

7.6.1

Overall Condition

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, observe while manually shaking.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Missing or damaged components, loose connections;

c) Cracks, breaks, deformation;

d) Punctures, tears, breakage of the protective cover;

7.6.2

Operation

Use a vibration tester or park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, start the engine if it has power steering, lift the steering wheel just enough to still contact the ground, turn the steering wheel fully to both sides, and observe.

a) Jamming during movement or not properly lubricated;

b) Non-smooth movement, jerky;

c) Loose universal joint or steering joint.

7.7. Kingpin Play

7.7. Kingpin Play

7.7. Kingpin Play

7.7. Kingpin Play

7.7.1

Overall Condition

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, lift the steering wheel off the ground, manually shake the steering wheel vertically and horizontally, observe and check the play. If there is play, apply the brake pedal to eliminate the kingpin play and observe.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Missing or damaged components, loose connections;

c) Cracks, breaks, deformation;

d) Punctures, tears, breakage of the protective cover;

đ) Loose or worn kingpin or universal joint.

7.7.2

Operation

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, start the engine if it has power steering, lift the steering wheel just enough to still contact the ground, turn the steering wheel fully to both sides, and observe.

a) Jamming when turning;

b) Non-smooth movement, jerky.

7.8. Power Steering

7.8. Power Steering

7.8. Power Steering

7.8. Power Steering

7.8.1

Overall Condition

Park the vehicle on a lift or inspection pit, start the engine, observe while manually shaking.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Cracks, splits, deformation;

c) Incorrect type of drive belt, loose or cracked, torn;

d) Oil leakage or lack of power steering fluid.

7.8.2

Operation

Park on the inspection pit or lifting device; turn the steering wheel to both sides when the engine is running and not running, compare and observe.

a) Power steering does not function;

b) No reduction in steering effort;

c) Difference between left-hand and right-hand steering force;

d) Unusual noise.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

8.1. Clutch

8.1. Clutch

8.1. Clutch

8.1. Clutch

8.1.1

Overall Condition

Park on the inspection pit or lifting device; press and release the clutch pedal and observe, combined with manual shaking.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) The clutch pedal has no free travel or the friction surface is excessively worn;

c) Missing or damaged assembly parts, loose connections;

d) Leakage of fluid;

đ) Parts are cracked, broken, deformed.

8.1.2

Operation

Start the engine, shift gears and perform clutch engagement and disengagement to check.

a) Incomplete clutch engagement or disengagement, or rough engagement and disengagement;

b) Unusual noise.

8.2. Gearbox

8.2. Gearbox

8.2. Gearbox

8.2. Gearbox

8.2.1

Overall Condition

Observe and manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Missing or damaged components, loose connections;

c) Oil leaks in drops;

d) Parts are cracked, broken, deformed.

8.2.2

Operation

Shift gears to check.

a) Difficult gear shifting;

b) Automatic gear jumping.

8.2.3

Gear control lever

Shift gears and observe.

a) Incorrect type or insecure installation;

b) Cracks, splits, warping.

8.3. Drive shafts

8.3. Drive shafts

8.3. Drive shafts

8.3. Drive shafts

General condition and operation

Observe and manually shake and rotate the drive shafts when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Incorrect type or incorrect installation, insecure;

b) Missing or damaged components, loose connections;

c) Parts are cracked, broken, deformed, warped;

d) Loose cross-shaft, universal joint, bearing;

đ) Damaged flexible joints;

e) Intermediate bearing cracked or insecure;

g) Scratches on other parts of the vehicle;

h) Unusual noise.

8.4. Axle

8.4. Axle

8.4. Axle

8.4. Axle

Overall Condition

Observe when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Not conforming to type or not securely installed;

b) Missing or damaged components, loose connections;

c) Oil leaks in drops;

d) Parts are cracked, broken, deformed;

đ) Missing or damaged cover for the end of the shaft.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

9.1

Elastic components (Leaf springs, coil springs, torsion bars)

Observe and use a hammer to check and manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Incorrect type, quantity or incorrect installation, insecure;

b) Excessive static deflection due to elastic component fatigue;

c) Parts are cracked, broken, deformed;

d) Missing or damaged assembly parts, loose connections.

9.2

Shock absorber

Observe and use a hammer to check and manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device. Use equipment if available.

a) Missing, incorrect type or insecure installation;

b) No function;

c) Oil leakage;

d) Parts are cracked, broken, deformed; rubber parts are shattered.

9.3

Steering linkage, stabilizer bar, travel limiters

Observe and use a hammer to check and manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Missing, incorrect type or incorrect installation, insecure;

b) Parts are cracked, broken, deformed or excessively rusted, rubber parts are shattered.

9.4

Joints

Use vibration equipment or manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device. Observe and use a hammer to check.

a) Missing, incorrect type or insecure installation;

b) Missing or damaged dust cover;

c) Parts are cracked, broken, deformed;

d) Loose or excessively worn.

9.5

Air suspension system

Observe and use a hammer to check and manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Missing, incorrect type or insecure installation;

b) System does not operate;

c) Damage to parts affecting system function.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

10.1

Seat belts

Observe and pull the seat belt suddenly to check operation

a) Not complete as required or insecure installation;

b) Belt is torn, broken;

c) Buckle opens or closes roughly or opens by itself;

d) Belt is stuck, cannot be pulled out or retracted;

đ) Retractor mechanism does not hold the belt when pulled suddenly.

10.2

Fire extinguisher

Observation.

a) No fire extinguisher as required;

b) Fire extinguisher is past its expiration date.

10.3

Special equipment for transportation purposes

Operate the system and observe, using your hand to shake.

a) Incorrect technical documentation or insecure installation;

b) Abnormal operation or control.

10.4

Emergency door-breaking hammer (for passenger vehicles)

Observe

Not complete or not placed in the specified position.

Inspection items

Inspection items

Inspection Method

Reasons for Non-Conformity

11.1. Engine and related systems

11.1. Engine and related systems

11.1. Engine and related systems

11.1. Engine and related systems

11.1.1

Overall Condition

Observe and use a hammer to check and manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Incorrect type or incorrect installation, insecure;

b) Fluid leaks in drops;

c) Incorrect type of drive belt, loose or cracked, torn;

d) Parts are cracked, broken, shattered;

đ) Missing or damaged assembly parts, loose connections.

11.1.2

Operation

Park on the inspection pit or lifting device, start the engine, change the engine speed and observe.

a) Unable to start the engine or the starting system operates abnormally;

b) Engine operates abnormally at various speeds or produces unusual knocking sounds;

c) Various gauges and warning lights on the dashboard do not work or show errors.

11.1.3

Exhaust gas system, muffler.

Observe and manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Not complete or not securely installed;

b) Corroded, torn or exhaust gas leakage.

11.1.4

Fuel tank and fuel lines

Observe and manually shake when the vehicle is parked on the inspection pit or lifting device.

a) Incorrect installation, insecure;

b) Tank, lines are deformed, cracked, corroded, leaking, have signs of impact or rubbing against other parts;

c) Tank missing lid or lid not tightly sealed;

d) Fuel lock (if present) cannot be locked or unlocks by itself;

đ) Fuel leakage;

e) Risk of fire due to:

- Fuel tank or exhaust pipe not securely protected;

- Insufficient separation from the engine;

g) For LPG/CNG systems:

- LPG/CNG tanks installed inside the vehicle must be located in a ventilated enclosed space separated from the engine compartment and passenger compartment;

- LPG/CNG tanks installed outside the vehicle must be protected by appropriate shields to prevent damage from flying debris or collisions with other objects in case of accidents; or the distance from the tank to the ground is less than 200 mm;

- LPG/CNG tanks, lines, and other parts of the fuel system are placed within 100 mm of the exhaust pipe or any heat source without adequate insulation;

- LPG/CNG tanks do not have valid pressure testing certification or markings on the tank do not comply with regulations;

- Apart from designated positions, the tank comes into contact with other metal parts of the vehicle.

11.2. Forced combustion engine exhaust gases

11.2. Forced combustion engine exhaust gases

11.2. Forced combustion engine exhaust gases

11.2. Forced combustion engine exhaust gases

Harmful substance concentration in exhaust gases

Use exhaust gas analysis equipment and engine RPM measuring equipment as prescribed. Perform measurement procedures under no-load conditions according to TCVN 6204; with the requirement that the no-load RPM of the engine falls within the manufacturer's specified range or is less than 1000 RPM.

a) CO concentration greater than 4.5% volume;

b) HC (C6H14 or equivalent) concentration greater than:

- 1200 parts per million (ppm) volume for four-stroke engines;

- 7800 parts per million (ppm) volume for two-stroke engines;

- 3300 parts per million (ppm) volume for special engines.

c) Requirements regarding measurement conditions not being met.

11.3. Exhaust emissions from compression ignition engines

11.3. Exhaust emissions from compression ignition engines

11.3. Exhaust emissions from compression ignition engines

11.3. Exhaust emissions from compression ignition engines

Smoke density of exhaust gases

Use smoke measuring equipment and engine speed measuring devices. Measure according to the free acceleration cycle specified in TCVN 7663 with the requirement that for each measurement cycle: the time to accelerate from the minimum to the maximum engine speed does not exceed 2 seconds or, in the case of engines with special construction, does not exceed 5 seconds; the unloaded engine speed value must be within the range specified by the manufacturer or less than 1000 rpm; the maximum engine speed value must not be less than 90% of the maximum engine speed during actual testing and not less than 90% of the speed corresponding to the maximum power as specified by the manufacturer, except in special cases.

a) The width of the smoke measurement range (the difference between the highest and lowest measured values) exceeds 10% HSU (0.5 m-1) when the average smoke measurement result does not exceed 66% HSU (2.5 m-1) or exceeds 7% HSU (0.7 m-1) when the average smoke measurement result exceeds 66% HSU (2.5 m-1);

b) The average smoke measurement result of three measurements exceeds 72% HSU or 2.96 m-1.

c) Requirements regarding measurement conditions not being met.

11.4. Noise level

11.4. Noise level

11.4. Noise level

11.4. Noise level

External noise level

Check with sound level meters if excessive noise is observed. Conduct noise measurements near the exhaust pipe according to standard TCVN 6435; the difference between measurements should not exceed 2 dB(A), and the difference between background noise and the average noise level of the measurements should not exceed 3 dB(A).

The average noise level after calibration exceeds the following limits:

- Passenger cars, light trucks, light commercial vehicles, and light buses, cyclos, tricycles... with total weight G ≤ 3500 kg: 103 dB(A)

- Trucks, commercial vehicles, and buses with total weight G > 3500 kg and maximum useful engine power P ≤ 150 (kW): 105 dB(A).

- Trucks, commercial vehicles, and buses with total weight G > 3500 kg and maximum useful engine power P > 150 (kW): 107 dB(A).

- Crane trucks and other special-purpose road vehicles: 110 dB(A).

Type of vehicle

Cycle (months)

Cycle (months)

Initial cycle

Regular cycle

Trucks (cargo), commercial vehicles:

- Imported vehicles not previously used; vehicles produced and assembled in Vietnam.

- Vehicles modified to change usage characteristics or modified in one of the steering, braking, suspension, and power transmission systems:

24

12

12

06

Passenger cars (including passenger car commercial vehicles) up to 09 seats (including driver):

- Imported vehicles not previously used; vehicles produced and assembled in Vietnam.

+ Engaged in commercial transportation

+ Not engaged in commercial transportation

- Vehicles modified to change usage characteristics or modified in one of the steering, braking, suspension, and power transmission systems:

+ Engaged in commercial transportation

+ Not engaged in commercial transportation

24

30

18

24

12

18

06

12

Passenger buses over 09 seats (including driver):

- Imported vehicles not previously used; vehicles produced and assembled in Vietnam.

+ Engaged in commercial transportation

+ Not engaged in commercial transportation

- Vehicles modified to change usage characteristics or modified in one of the steering, braking, suspension, and power transmission systems:

+ Engaged in commercial transportation

+ Not engaged in commercial transportation

18

24

12

18

06

12

06

12

Three-wheeled motorized vehicles:

- Imported vehicles not previously used; vehicles produced and assembled in Vietnam.

+ Engaged in commercial transportation

+ Not engaged in commercial transportation

- Vehicles modified to change usage characteristics or modified in one of the steering, braking, suspension, and power transmission systems:

+ Engaged in commercial transportation

+ Not engaged in commercial transportation

24

30

18

24

12

24

06

12

All types of motor vehicles manufactured more than 7 years ago:

06

All passenger buses (including passenger vehicles over 09 seats including driver's seat) with a service life of 15 years or more since the year of manufacture, and all types of trucks (including cargo trucks, specialized cargo trucks) with a service life of 20 years or more since the year of manufacture:

03