Circular No. 121/2012/TT-BQP promulgates National Technical Regulation QCVN 01:2012/BQP on mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal.

CIRCULAR

BIMPLEMENTATION QCVN 01:2012/BQP, national technical regulationon mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal

______________________

Camendpursuant to the Law on Legal Documents on Laws and Regulations 2008;amendpursuant to Decree No. 127/2007/NĐ-CP of August 1, 2007 of the Government detailing certain provisions of the Law on Standards and Technical Regulations;

Based on the Law on Animal Husbandry 2018;

pursuant to Decree No. 104/2008/NĐ-CP of September 16, 2008 of the Government stipulating the functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of National Defense; considering the proposal of the Directorate for Standards, Metrology and Quality; The Minister of National Defense decides:

To promulgate the national technical regulation in the military and defense sector accompanying this Circular: QCVN 01:2012/BQP, National Technical Regulation on Mine Clearance and Explosive Ordnance Disposal. This Circular promulgates the Regulation on Distance Learning for Bachelor's Degree Programs.This Circular takes effect from January 1, 2013.

Heads of relevant agencies and units are responsible for implementing this Circular./. Director QCVN 01:2012/BQP;

NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON MINE CLEARANCE AND EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSALorganize credit institutions, foreign bank branches are responsible for organizing the implementation of this Circular. National technical regulation on mine action

Article 1. 2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS AND MANAGEMENT

2.1. Investigation and Survey

Article 2. 2.2. Safety

Article 3. 2.3. Preparation and Conduct of Mine Clearance and Explosive Ordnance Disposal

 

2.4. Destruction of Recovered Mines and Explosive Ordnance

2.5. Inspection and Handover

2.6. Medical SupportANNEX I.A[31]2.7. Investigation of Mine Incidents

 

2.4.4. Support for Multi PLP

Foreword

Chapter 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. Scope of Application

1.2. Applicability

1.3. Definitions

3. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS

FOREWORD

QCVN 01:2012/BQP was drafted by the Drafting Board of the National Technical Regulation on Mine Clearance and Explosive Ordnance Disposal - Engineering Corps Command; reviewed by the Directorate for Standards, Metrology and Quality, and promulgated according to Circular No. 121/2012/TT-BQP dated November 12, 2012 of the Minister of National Defense.

ON MINE CLEARANCE AND EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DISPOSAL

This regulation sets out technical and management requirements for post-conflict mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal (MCEOD) operations and the responsibilities of related organizations and individuals.

All ministries, sectors, provincial people's committees under the central government, project sponsors, project management boards, units, enterprises, social organizations, and individuals within and outside the country conducting activities related to MCEOD on Vietnamese territory must comply with the provisions of this regulation.

Definitions

Investigation

Activities related to the collection, analysis, and evaluation of information on mines, explosive ordnance, and contaminated areas in a specific region.

4. IMPLEMENTATION ORGANIZATIONS

Appendix

 

Professional Practice License

A certificate issued by the competent state agency for mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal (or an authorized agency) to recognize an organization's ability to conduct activities in the field of mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal.

 

AMENDMENT 1:2025 QCVN 07:2023/BXD

Detailed Intervention Operations

2.6. Medical SupportANNEX I.A[31]2.7. Investigation of Mine Incidents

Chapter 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. Scope of application

Activities involving the use of inspection and mine clearance equipment on a portion of a confirmed contaminated area following investigation.

1.2. Applicability

Contaminated Area A general term referring to an area identified as containing mines and explosive ordnance.to nướEmergency Response Plan A written plan established for each mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal construction site, detailing the procedures to be followed to move victims from the accident scene to appropriate medical facilities.

1.3. Requesting financial supportn lMine Clearance and Explosive Ordnance Disposal

In this regulation, the following terms are understood as follows:

1.3.1. Actions to clean up a contaminated area by detecting, handling (removing or destroying) all types of mines and explosive ordnance in the area.

Mine Incident

1.3.2. An event leading to an accident during mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal operations at a mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal construction site.

Metal Objects

1.3.3. Survey

All metallic objects (or non-metallic objects) found in soil or water, including iron, steel, bomb fragments, ammunition, and various types of mines and explosive ordnance that current human or machine detectors can detect.

1.3.4. Contaminated area

A general term referring to an area identified as containing unexploded ordnance or explosive remnants of war.

1.3.5. Emergency response plan

A documented plan established for each RPBM construction site, detailing the procedures to be followed to move victims from the accident scene to appropriate surgical or medical treatment facilities.

1.3.6. Explosive ordnance disposal

Actions to clean up a contaminated area by detecting, handling (removing or destroying) all types of unexploded ordnance and explosive remnants within the area.

1.3.7. Explosive ordnance incident

An event causing an accident during explosive ordnance disposal operations at an explosive ordnance disposal site.

1.3.8. Signal

All magnetic or non-magnetic objects located in soil or underwater, including iron, steel, bomb fragments, bullets, and various types of unexploded ordnance and explosive remnants that can currently be detected by humans or detection equipment.

3. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS

2.1. Investigation and Survey

2.1.1. Investigation may be carried out from various sources including: Collecting information from archival records; from local residents, military forces, police, accidents, incidents, or other signs of landmines and explosive remnants of war for the main purposes of: Confirming the presence of landmine contamination requiring clearance; making decisions on clearing landmines to release land; helping local residents feel secure when using land without having to conduct full clearance of the area.

2.1.2. Contents of investigation work:

2.1.2.1. Exploiting existing war-related database: Maps of battles, bombing raids, minefield deployment records;

2.1.2.2. Interviewing witnesses: Elderly people with the longest residence in the locality; those with good memory and detailed knowledge about events that occurred during the war period in the locality; knowledgeable about the situation of land use in the locality; active community members; those who understand the situation of landmine and explosive contamination in the locality;

2.1.2.3. Interviewing government leaders: To collect government archival documents, interviewing individuals knowledgeable and well-informed about the situation of landmine and explosive contamination in the locality. The interview process should involve at least five officials, including: 01 representative leader of the People's Committee or People's Council, 01 Village Militia Commander, 01 Chief of Police Station, 01 Land Administration Officer, and 01 Statistics Officer of the People's Committee Office;

2.1.2.4. Drawing a survey area map, marking the positions of landmines and explosive remnants on the map. The map scale must not be less than 1:5000.

2.1.3. Information collected during the investigation includes: Minefield deployment records; locations hit by bombardment and ground combat; former military bases and warehouses; suspected contaminated areas; places where people have seen or encountered landmines and explosive remnants; areas that have been cleared of landmines and explosive remnants.

2.1.4. Criteria for investigation to assess and determine areas unlikely to be contaminated by landmines and explosive remnants:

2.1.4.1. No evidence of armed conflict in the area;

2.1.4.2. No clear tactical reasons for the use of landmines and explosive remnants in the area;

2.1.4.3. Land has been used by residents for a certain period without evidence of landmines and explosive remnants;

2.1.4.4. No landmine or explosive remnants accidents in the area;

2.1.4.5. If the investigated area meets all criteria from 2.1.4.1 to 2.1.4.4, a decision can be made to release land without further survey and clearance based on evidence specified in Appendix A of this Standard;

2.1.4.6. If the investigated area does not meet these criteria, further survey is required to determine.

2.1.5. Contents of survey work include: Selecting survey locations; conducting actual surveys; handing over survey locations to local authorities for management.

2.1.6. Survey locations are selected based on the analysis of the following information: Areas marked as contaminated on the map after investigation; characteristics of contaminated areas; areas of significant economic and social development value to the locality; representative of contaminated areas. Surveys will not be conducted on construction land, residential land, and perennial crop land.

2.1.7. Selected locations must be marked for actual survey implementation. The minimum survey area must be 1% of the total area. All information during the survey is recorded in detail in the handover report. Survey points are determined by global positioning system (GPS) coordinates and recorded on the map and handover report. Survey locations and reports are directly transferred to local authority representatives and state management agencies responsible for clearance.

2.1.8. Information collected during the survey includes: Determining the overall signal density of the area by conducting landmine and explosive remnants clearance according to procedures and contents specified from 2.3.6 to 2.3.8; determining forest grade, terrain, soil grade, contamination level, weather, climate, hydrology; security-political situation, population conditions in the area, expected troop deployment location when conducting clearance operations. Tables for classifying cleared forest grades and excavated soil grades are provided in Appendices B and C.

2.1.9. Equipment used in investigation and survey must be inspected by competent authorities and certified as meeting technical requirements and permitted for use, including: Probes; shallow mine detectors; deep bomb detectors.

2.1.10. Investigation and survey team personnel must undergo health checks as stipulated in 2.6.3. They must be trained and proficient in technical expertise; thoroughly understand the structure, operating principles of common landmines and explosive remnants; be familiar with technical procedures and safety rules for clearance operations, have experience, and be recognized to implement clearance activities.

2.1.11. An investigation and survey team is specifically organized as follows:

2.1.11.1. In terms of manpower: 01 team leader, 01 deputy team leader, 01 medical staff with at least primary level training, and 10 staff performing tasks.

2.1.11.2. In terms of equipment: 01 2.5-ton truck, 01 satellite GPS positioning device, 01 fully equipped first aid kit, 01 deep detector, 02 shallow detectors, 01 manual detection and disposal tool set, 01 survey and mapping equipment set for the operational area.

2.1.12. Implementation steps include: Sending notifications, letters, and related documents approved by relevant authorities to localities within the investigation and survey plan of the approved project; contacting local authorities and informing them of the investigation and survey plan and time frame; coordinating to ensure time, location, manpower, and equipment for organizing the investigation and survey as planned.

2.1.13. Upon completion of the investigation and survey, a report on the results must be submitted to the State Management Authority for RPBM. The report must include the following information: Method of selecting the investigation and survey points; place names and basic management and usage units of the surveyed area; survey area; time of conducting the investigation and survey; central coordinates of the survey point determined by GPS; assessment of the pollution characteristics of the previously investigated and surveyed area; topographical and natural features of the investigation and survey area; types, conditions, quantities, and depths of bombs and mines collected; layout of the investigation and survey area, coordinates of signals indicating bombs, mines, or other suspicious signals; proposed future use of the areas investigated and surveyed by the locality.

2.2. Safety

2.2.1. Organizations undertaking RPBM construction must fully apply technical safety requirements to ensure safety during the construction process as well as for future use.

2.2.2. These requirements include: Requirements regarding manpower; requirements concerning equipment; and organizational implementation requirements.

2.2.3. Personnel engaged in mine clearance and explosive ordnance disposal must be specialized forces, trained with basic qualifications, holding professional certificates, and undergoing health checks as stipulated in 2.6.3; command personnel of organizations undertaking RPBM construction, site supervisors, team leaders, dedicated safety officers, and technical staff must strictly adhere to all safety principles and regulations.

2.2.4. Organizations undertaking RPBM construction must have complete equipment for detecting and disposing of bombs, mines, and explosives; safety gear for people and equipment; ambulances, personnel transport vehicles, bomb and explosive transport vehicles for destruction (if applicable); and communication systems.

2.2.5. When conducting surveys to develop technical construction plans for detecting and disposing of bombs and explosives, all necessary safety requirements must be included.

2.2.6. When formulating organizational construction plans and construction schedules, measures and organizational work to ensure safety for people and equipment must be included.

2.2.7. During implementation, personnel involved in RPBM must be briefed on the plan, thoroughly familiarized with procedures and regulations, and given additional training.

2.2.8. During the construction process, all safety procedures, regulations, and rules must be strictly followed.

2.2.9. All aspects of work during the RPBM process must be carried out based on approved construction plans and schedules; each step must be organized tightly, uniformly commanded according to the correct sequence and procedure. Unauthorized changes to the approved technical procedures during the construction process are strictly prohibited. Any required changes to steps within the approved procedures must be agreed upon in writing by the competent authority.

2.2.10. Organizations undertaking RPBM construction projects must: Have a valid business license issued by the competent authority; possess the necessary capacity, personnel, and equipment for RPBM work; enter into contracts with the Project Owner for RPBM through current selection methods (tendering or direct assignment); have technical construction plans for detecting and disposing of bombs and explosives approved by the competent authority; have detailed construction schedules and progress plans approved by the immediate superior authority; and implement measures and organizational work to ensure safety throughout the entire construction process.

2.2.11. Organizations undertaking RPBM construction must have full auxiliary facilities: Workhouses, living quarters, medical support equipment; emergency medical treatment zones, temporary warehouses, storage areas for collected bombs and explosives before destruction; destruction zones for bombs and explosives (if applicable); and systems for marking and delineating hazardous areas.

2.2.12. Requirements when implementing landmine clearance include:

2.2.12.1. When preparing the ground, it must be done according to 2.3.6.2;

2.2.12.2. Before each shift, technical staff must recheck the technical condition of all equipment as required.

2.2.12.3. Personnel performing RPBM work:

- Must be technical professionals equipped with complete detection devices and safety gear as prescribed during work;

- Must perform tasks strictly according to the prescribed procedures and contents in 2.3.6.3; 2.3.6.5 and 2.3.6.7, absolutely not skipping or shortening any steps in the detection process;

- Are not allowed to smoke or consume stimulant beverages in the RPBM area.

2.2.12.4. Around the construction site, flags and warning signs must be placed, and guards must be posted to prevent unauthorized persons and vehicles from entering the site.

2.2.12.5. Personnel performing RPBM work may only move within their assigned areas and are strictly prohibited from freely moving around the construction site.

2.2.12.6. Locations with bombs, mines, and explosives must be marked with flags and warning signs, and only those tasked with handling them may enter upon being assigned by the site supervisor.

2.2.12.7. Each continuous working shift totals six hours; a person using a mine detector cannot work two consecutive shifts in one day; workers must be scheduled for rest breaks during the shift.

2.2.12.8. Personnel handling signals must be technical staff equipped with complete disposal devices and safety gear, and must follow the prescribed procedures and contents in 2.3.6.4; 2.3.6.6; 2.3.6.8 and 2.3.6.9.

2.2.12.9. Disposal tools must be complete in quantity and quality, and disposal tools must not be magnetic.

2.2.12.10. Manual disassembly or disassembly using specialized equipment must comply with the provisions of Clause 2.4 of this Standard and can only be conducted with permission from the competent authority. Unremovable types of bombs and explosives should be destroyed on-site (if conditions permit).

2.2.12.11. When collecting, sorting, and transporting detected bombs and explosives, they must be handled according to QCVN 02:2008/BCT National Technical Regulations on Safety in the Transport, Storage, Use, and Destruction of Industrial Explosives, promulgated along with Decision No. 51/2008/QĐ-BCT dated December 30, 2008 of the Minister of Industry and Trade, and:

- Only collect and transport types of bombs, mines, and explosives that ensure safety during collection and transportation. In cases where there are unsafe types of bombs, mines, and explosives during transportation but cannot be destroyed on-site, a directive must be requested and written approval from the competent authority obtained before organizing transportation for subsequent destruction after applying special technical measures to ensure safety.

- It is not allowed to carry collected bombs, mines, and explosives back to residences or rest areas while searching.

- Vehicles used to transport bombs, mines, and explosives for destruction must only be wooden-boxed vehicles in good technical condition, with drivers being highly skilled, careful, calm, and brave. The vehicle box must be lined with a layer of sand thicker than 25 cm. Flammable liquids such as gasoline must not be mixed on the vehicle box when transporting bombs, mines, and explosives.

- Bombs, mines, and explosives loaded onto the vehicle must lie horizontally along the direction of travel and must be secured so they do not collide with each other. Transportation of types of bombs, mines, and explosives fitted with detonators is prohibited.

- A bomb and explosive transport vehicle may only include up to three people: the main driver, the escort officer, and the assistant driver (if necessary).

- Bomb and explosive transport vehicles are not permitted to pass through cities or densely populated areas. If it is necessary to pass through, written approval from the competent authority is required, and passage must occur at night during off-peak hours, with strict coordination regarding the route with responsible agencies. The vehicle is not allowed to stop or park in crowded places or near storage areas within the dangerous radius.

2.2.12.12. When organizing the destruction of bombs, mines, and explosives, absolute adherence to the provisions at 2.4 of this Standard must be maintained. Appropriate methods of destruction should be selected based on the type of bombs, mines, and explosives found during searches. Before proceeding with destruction, a destruction plan approved by the competent authority must be in place. The area designated for the destruction site must have safety guard posts at necessary locations. Safe hiding positions must be provided for the task force, the site commander, and guards. After each destruction phase, a comprehensive safety inspection of the destruction site must be conducted before withdrawal. Destruction should not be organized during rainy, thunderstorm, or storm conditions. If rain, thunderstorms, or storms occur after the destruction pit has been set up, personnel must evacuate the site and organize security patrols to protect the entire destruction area.

2.2.13. Safety requirements when searching for bombs, mines, and explosives underwater:

2.2.13.1. Inspect the underwater search environment: delineate the construction area, mark reference points; clear obstacles on the water surface; mark large obstacles affecting the search process; check water depth and flow speed.

2.2.13.2. Prior to each work shift, technical staff must recheck the technical condition of all equipment according to specified requirements.

2.2.13.3. The search area must be marked with buoys with flags. Security teams must guide traffic, direct vessels, and prevent people and vessels from entering the search area. Work procedures must comply with the provisions at 2.3.7.1.

2.2.13.4. Personnel performing underwater search tasks must be fully equipped with personal safety protection equipment as prescribed; perform tasks according to the prescribed sequence and content at 2.3.7.2 and 2.3.7.5.

2.2.13.5. Vessels serving underwater search tasks must operate strictly within the designated search area.

2.2.13.6. Each continuous search work shift totals six hours, and a person operating a bomb detection device may not work two consecutive shifts in one day. Diver personnel handling signals may work no more than two hours per shift. Rest breaks must be scheduled between shifts.

2.2.13.7. Marking signal positions must be carried out according to the prescribed sequence and content at 2.3.7.3 and 2.3.7.6.

2.2.13.8. Personnel handling signal processing must be technical staff with diving certification issued by authorized agencies, in good health; fully equipped with personal safety protection equipment as prescribed; perform tasks according to the prescribed sequence and content at 2.3.7.4; 2.3.7.7; 2.3.7.8 and underwater construction diving safety regulations.

2.2.13.9. Equipment used for underwater signal processing must be inspected to ensure technical condition and safety as prescribed, including: underwater bomb detection devices; synchronized diving equipment (scuba or free-diving); composite boats, rubber boats, high-pressure dredging machines, mud suction machines, specialized lifting equipment; buoys, anchors, ropes, shovels, nylon cables, safety and labor protection equipment.

2.2.13.10. Manual disassembly or disassembly using specialized equipment must comply with the provisions at 2.4 of this Standard.

2.2.13.11. Only lift and recover safely processed bombs and explosives. During lifting, specialized recovery equipment must be used. Slowly lift the explosive out of the water and then transfer it to a composite boat, rubber boat, or specialized wooden boat. Secure the explosive on the boat, fix the detonator positions, and avoid collisions. Bombs and explosives must not be transported on the same means of transport as people and construction equipment.

2.2.13.12. Collection, classification, transportation, and destruction of recovered bombs and explosives must be carried out as per 2.2.12.11 and 2.2.12.12.

2.3. Preparation and Conduct of Underwater Search and Recovery Operations

2.3.1. Requirements for Underwater Search and Recovery Operations

2.3.1.1. Personnel engaged in underwater search and recovery operations must undergo health checks according to 2.6.3, receive training, and obtain certificates as prescribed.

2.3.1.2. Detection machines and technical equipment used for underwater search and recovery operations must be sufficient in quantity and quality. Regular inspections and certifications of technical condition are required, with immediate replacement of parts and components that do not meet technical requirements and lack synchronization (certification is performed by functional units authorized by the State Management Agency).

2.3.1.3. When implementing RPBM work, strict adherence to technical procedures must be ensured; there must be no complacency or simplification; no steps prescribed by regulations may be skipped or shortened. Do not pursue simple productivity at the expense of honesty, carelessness, leaving behind unexploded ordnance, or causing safety incidents during the clearance of explosives, or in the long-term construction and use of the project.

2.3.1.4. During the implementation of RPBM work, quality control of the project must be continuously monitored; compliance with safety rules must be checked to promptly eliminate errors. Regular inspections must be conducted using probabilistic methods, with the inspection area not being less than 1% of the total area cleared of explosives.

2.3.1.5. The organization conducting RPBM work must be granted a valid license or certification by the State Management Agency for RPBM (or an authorized agency).

2.3.1.6. There must be a construction and technical plan approved by the competent authority (except in special cases as specified by the State Management Agency).

2.3.2. RPBM Team Leader:

2.3.2.1. Must have management and leadership capabilities; possess deep knowledge about explosives and ordnance; have basic technical training, completed team leader courses at units or schools, and obtained a certificate (for domestic RPBM organizations) or at internationally recognized training institutions (for foreign RPBM organizations and non-governmental organizations).

2.3.2.2. Must have at least two years of practical experience directly organizing and commanding RPBM construction work; thoroughly understand RPBM technical procedures; have deep knowledge about the structure and operational principles of common types of explosives encountered in RPBM work; thoroughly understand safety rules in RPBM work; understand and skillfully use equipment and tools for RPBM work.

2.3.2.2. In cases where RPBM work is carried out underwater, the ability to swim and dive well is required.

2.3.3. Technical Staff Members:

Must be proficiently trained in technical specialties; thoroughly understand the characteristics, structure, and operational principles of common types of explosives; thoroughly understand RPBM technical procedures and safety rules; thoroughly understand the technical features and skillfully use various machines, equipment, and specialized tools; must hold a certificate from having attended specialized technical training courses provided by the Engineering Corps or units authorized by the Engineering Corps (for domestic RPBM organizations) or at internationally recognized training institutions (for foreign RPBM organizations and non-governmental organizations).

2.3.3.2. In cases where RPBM work is carried out underwater, the ability to swim and dive well is required.

2.3.4. Requirements for RPBM Team Personnel

The organization of RPBM team personnel only specifies the total number of staff and organizational structure required for the RPBM team post-war. The allocation of personnel for each group will be adjusted based on the workload to be undertaken, ensuring a reasonable structure. Generally, the post-war RPBM team's organizational structure is as follows:

2.3.4.1. Land-based RPBM Team: Total of 25 people, divided into groups including:

- Command: 1 team leader and 1 deputy team leader;

- Site preparation, detection, and signal marking group;

- Excavation and signal processing group;

- Safety guard and surveillance group;

- Support group (logistics, medical, technical supplies).

2.3.4.2. Underwater RPBM Team: Total of 25 people, divided into groups including:

- Command: 1 team leader and 1 deputy team leader;

- Site preparation, detection, and signal marking group;

- Diving excavation and signal processing group;

- Safety guard and surveillance group;

- Support group (logistics, medical, technical supplies).

2.3.4.3. Marine RPBM Team: From 30 to 35 people, divided into groups including:

- Command: 1 team leader and 1 deputy team leader;

- Navigation guidance group;

- Sonar and acoustic positioning equipment usage group;

- Explosive recovery equipment usage group;

- Positioning and diving signal processing group;

- Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) usage group for signal processing.

- Safety guard and surveillance group;

- Support group (logistics, medical, technical supplies).

2.3.5. Requirements for RPBM Equipment and Assurance Means

2.3.5.1. General Requirements

- Post-war RPBM teams must have all types of machines, equipment, first aid kits, and personal protective gear as stipulated;

- For each type of post-war RPBM work on land, underwater, or at sea, the quantity and quality of technical equipment must correspond to Tables 1, 2, and 3. Regular inspections and certifications every six months regarding technical condition are required, and parts and components that do not meet technical requirements and are not synchronized must be replaced immediately (certifications will be conducted by units assigned tasks by the State Management Agency).

2.3.5.2. Land-based RPBM Team

Bn lTable 1 - Inventory of Machines, Equipment, and Means of a Land-based RPBM Team

2.3.5.3. Underwater RPBM Team (up to 15 meters depth)

Bn lTable 2 - Inventory of Machines, Equipment, and Means of an Underwater RPBM Teamê Type of Machine, EquipmentướUnderwater Bomb Detector (Deep)

2.3.5.4. Marine RPBM Team (depth greater than 15 meters)

Table 3 - Inventory of Machines, Equipment, and Means of a Marine RPBM Team Underwater - Column (2) records the type of mineral and its export quality.developmentn

2.3.6. Land-based RPBM Procedure

2.3.6.1. Marking the RPBM Area

- Based on marked points from surveys, establish a perimeter path ranging from 4 meters to 6 meters wide around the entire area for deployment, movement, transportation, and isolation of the search area from surroundings;

- Inspect, prepare the site, and conduct RPBM within the perimeter path according to the contents specified from 2.3.6.2 to 2.3.6.5.

2.3.6.2. Site Preparation

- Manual site preparation:

+ Apply to all types of terrain such as plains, midlands, forests, swamps, and coastal mangrove forests;

+ Equipment used includes: machetes and other hand tools, various explosive ordnance detection equipment, stakes, warning signs;

+ Drive stakes to divide the area into small sections with dimensions of 25 m x 25 m or 50 m x 50 m depending on the terrain of the area (or length of 25 m, width depending on the width of the area when conducting RPBM in narrow strips);

+ Clear vines, debris, and trees with a diameter less than 10 cm, leaving tree stumps not higher than 5 cm (for trees with a diameter greater than 10 cm, only cut down upon receiving signals indicating they need to be handled under the tree roots), clear obstacles and remove them from the RPBM construction site (in minefields, clearing is carried out simultaneously with manual RPBM to a depth of 7 cm);

- Prepare the ground manually combined with gasoline burning:

+ Only applicable to areas with or without minefields but with dense vegetation, reeds, and vines, and approved by the competent forest management authority;

+ Equipment used includes: machetes and other hand tools, various explosive ordnance detection equipment, stakes, warning signs, gasoline, oil, and fuel spraying equipment;

+ Clear vegetation to open paths with a width of 2 m to 3 m to divide the area into sections with dimensions of 25 m x 25 m or 50 m x 50 m depending on the terrain of the area (or length of 25 m, width depending on the width of the area when conducting RPBM in narrow strips); for areas with minefields, clearing vegetation to open paths with a width of 2 m to 3 m to divide the area into sections, is carried out simultaneously with manual RPBM according to the provisions from 2.3.6.3 to 2.3.6.5;

+ Spray gasoline and oil to burn dense vegetation in each section at appropriate times;

+ Clear vegetation, obstacles, and remove them outside the RPBM construction site in each section (this work is carried out simultaneously with manual RPBM to a depth of 7 cm or 30 cm);

- Prepare the ground manually combined with explosives:

+ Apply to areas that are minefields, have barbed wire fences, and dense vegetation, reeds, and vines;

+ Equipment and materials used include: machetes and other hand tools, various explosive ordnance detection equipment, stakes, warning signs, explosives, ignition devices, blasting equipment, and other materials;

+ Observe and inspect, use long explosive charges to break through barbed wire fences; open auxiliary paths with a width of 2 m to 3 m, drive stakes to divide the area into sections with dimensions of 25 m x 25 m or 50 m x 50 m depending on the terrain of the area (or length of 25 m, width depending on the width of the area when conducting RPBM in narrow strips);

+ Clear vegetation, obstacles, and remove them outside the RPBM construction site in each section (this work is carried out simultaneously with manual RPBM to a depth of 7 cm or 30 cm);

2.3.6.3. Manual clearance of explosive ordnance to a depth of 7 cm

- Apply to areas that are minefields, containing various types of sensitive mines, tripwires, plastic mines detectable by dry detectors, and minefields mixed with many magnetic objects that cannot be detected by machines;

- Equipment used includes specialized marking tapes for surveying, hooks (with lengths from 25 m to 30 m), probes, machetes, shovels, safety pins, small red and white flags, and collection tools;

- From the survey grid lines, use white flags to mark the survey path width (from 1 m to 1.5 m), RPBM to where the flag is marked (flag spacing is 1.5 m). For subsequent survey paths, the boundary flags of the previous strip can be reused in a rolling manner;

- Use probes in combination with visual inspection, probe according to technique from left to right, near to far. The probe tip is inclined at an angle of 30° to 40° relative to the natural ground surface. The probe follows a plum blossom pattern, with probe tips spaced 3 cm to 5 cm apart, to a depth of 7 cm to 10 cm;

- When a signal is detected, conduct probing to confirm the signal, and check the signal according to the correct basic technique. If the signal is not a mine or explosive, collect it to the designated location; if the signal is a mine or explosive, handle it safely and collect it to the designated location; if the signal is an unsafe mine or explosive or unknown explosive, mark it with a red flag for separate handling;

- The minimum distance between two people closest to each other within the same RPBM area must not be less than 15 m;

2.3.6.4. On-site inspection and destruction of explosive ordnance to a depth of 7 cm

- Apply to explosive ordnance discovered but not safe for collection and transportation, and approved by the competent authority;

- Equipment used includes: probes, machetes, shovels, explosives, ignition devices, and blasting equipment;

- Use concentrated explosive charges placed directly on the explosive to be destroyed, the amount of explosive based on the type of mine or explosive as specified in the Explosive Work Regulations;

- After destruction, a re-inspection must be conducted to ensure all mines and explosives are cleared. If any remain, further handling must be carried out in the above sequence;

- Collect and remove all blasting equipment and fragments (if any) from the RPBM area;

2.3.6.5. Mine detection using metal detectors to a depth of 30 cm

- Apply to minefields after manual clearance to a depth of 7 cm and non-minefield areas;

- Equipment used includes: metal detectors, probes, red and white flags, wooden stakes, specialized marking tapes;

- Drive stakes and stretch strings to mark the detection strips, each strip width from 1 m to 1.5 m;

- Use metal detectors to conduct RPBM according to technical requirements. Detect from left to right and vice versa, the detection track should overlap the previous track by 1/3, the new track should extend over the previous track by 10 cm to 20 cm;

- When the metal detector indicates a signal, the operator must detect in a cross pattern to determine the center of the signal and use a red flag to mark next to the signal center. The flag marking can be on either side of the signal center (as determined by the commander) but must ensure that when pulling the flag straight down, it points directly to the signal center;

- The minimum distance between metal detectors in the same area is 7 m;

2.3.6.6. Excavation inspection and signal handling to a depth of 30 cm

- Apply to all marked signals mentioned in 2.3.6.5;

- Equipment used includes: metal detectors, probes, shovels, machetes, safety pins, explosives, ignition devices, blasting equipment, and collection tools;

- Use mine detection equipment to recheck the marked signal position. Use a shovel to dig a pit with a width of 0.5 m to 0.6 m (depending on the size of the signal), carefully remove layers of soil from top to bottom and from the edge to the center of the pit while checking. When a signal is detected, use a bayonet knife to dig around the area to fully expose the object causing the signal;

- Verify the object causing the signal: If it is not a bomb or explosive device, collect it at the designated location; if it is a bomb or explosive device, handle it safely and collect it at the designated location; if the bomb or explosive device is unsafe for collection or transportation, or if it is an unknown explosive, mark it with a red flag and wait for separate handling;

- After completing the signal processing, use mine detection equipment to recheck the surrounding and below the processed signal to ensure all signals are cleared. If there are still signals, they must be processed according to the above sequence;

2.3.6.7. Conduct mine detection at depths from 0.3 m to 3 m; up to 5 m or up to 10 m (the detection depth is specified in Appendix D);

- Apply to all areas where bombs and explosives are located at depths greater than 0.3 m after conducting mine detection at a depth of up to 0.3 m;

- Equipment used includes: Mine detection equipment, large red flags for marking signals, wooden stakes, and ropes specifically for marking detection paths;

- Prepare the detection equipment, determine the degree of magnetic contamination of the soil in the area to adjust the equipment accordingly;

- Drive stakes and stretch ropes to mark the detection path, each detection path spaced 1 m apart;

- Use mine detection equipment to conduct detection according to technical requirements. When the detection equipment indicates a signal, the detector must detect in a cross pattern to determine the center of the signal and use a large red flag to mark next to the center of the signal;

- The minimum distance between detectors in the same area is 7 m;

2.3.6.8. Digging and inspecting, processing signals to a depth of 3 m;

- Apply to all marked signals;

- Equipment used includes: Mine detection equipment, rope, shovel, bayonet knife, safety locks, explosives, ignition tools, detonation equipment, and collection tools. When working in areas with underground water, a water pump must be available;

- Prepare, check, and carefully use hand tools to dig and excavate around the marked signal center position. Dig from outside to inside, the size of the excavation pit depends on the size and depth of the signal (determined through judgment when checking with detection equipment). When approaching the object causing the signal, dig in thin layers less than 10 cm thick, combine detection equipment and rope to check around the signal center position before digging the next layer until the object causing the signal is fully exposed;

- Verify the object causing the signal: If it is not a bomb or explosive device, collect it at the designated location; if it is a bomb or explosive device, handle it safely and collect it at the designated location; if the bomb or explosive device is unsafe for collection or transportation, or if it is an unknown explosive, mark it with a red flag and wait for separate handling;

- After completing the signal processing, use mine detection equipment to recheck the surrounding and below the processed signal to ensure all signals are cleared. If there are still signals, they must be processed according to the above sequence;

- Do not organize more than 2 people in a team for digging and processing signals. The minimum distance between the digging and signal processing unit and other units shall not be less than 25 m;

2.3.6.9. Digging and inspecting, processing signals to a depth of 5 m or 10 m;

Equipment used and steps taken are similar to 2.3.6.8 for greater depths;

2.3.7. Sequence of underwater RPBM;

Apply to construction areas where RPBM is conducted underwater or on the sea with water depths less than 15 m;

2.3.7.1. Site preparation;

- Based on the marks made during surveying, delineate the RPBM area by driving reinforced concrete stakes measuring 0.15 m x 0.15 m x 1.2 m on the shore and deploying 1 m diameter buoys;³ equipped with 50 kg anchors to define and mark underwater positions as needed. Only buoys and anchors should be used for defining and marking the RPBM area with water depths greater than 3 m and widths larger than 50 m;

- Clear the site of various types of mangrove trees, reeds, water hyacinths, seaweed, or stakes. For large obstacles that cannot be removed or handled, such as bridge beams, damaged bridge pillars, sunken ships, they must be marked so that during RPBM special attention is paid to eliminate signal interference objects;

2.3.7.2. RPBM at depths up to 0.5 m from the riverbed;

- Apply to all areas where bombs and explosives are located at depths up to 0.5 m from the riverbed;

- Equipment used includes: Mine detection equipment, Composite boats, rubber boats, buoys, anchors (50 kg and 20 kg made of non-magnetic materials), ropes for marking detection paths, and safety and labor protection equipment;

- Determine the degree of magnetic contamination of the riverbed soil to adjust the machine. The machine is set at sensitivity levels 1 to 3 depending on the magnetic contamination of the riverbed soil;

- Stretch ropes combined with 1 m diameter buoys;³50 kg and 20 kg anchors to divide the area into small detection grids of 25 m x 25 m or 50 m x 50 m depending on the terrain. Stretch ropes to mark detection paths dividing the detection grids into detection strips, each strip being 0.5 m wide (the direction of the detection path should align with the flow direction);

- Use mine detection equipment placed on rubber boats or composite boats, lower the probe vertically close to the riverbed surface, 10 cm to 20 cm away from the riverbed surface, and proceed to detect along the detection path. After completing detection of one strip, move the rope to detect the next strip;

- Only conduct underwater RPBM under conditions where the flow velocity does not exceed 1 m/s. In cases where RPBM must be conducted under conditions with a flow velocity exceeding 1 m/s, additional safety measures, technical assurance, and quality control measures must be strengthened;

2.3.7.3. Marking signals at depths up to 0.5 m from the riverbed;

- Apply to all signals detected during underwater detection up to a depth of 0.5 m from the riverbed;

- Equipment used includes: Mine detection equipment, composite boats, rubber boats, buoys, anchors (10 kg and 20 kg made of non-magnetic materials), nylon cables, signal marking flags, and safety and labor protection equipment;

- When the mine detection equipment detects a magnetic object under the riverbed at the current RPBM location, move the detection equipment along the detection path to verify and determine the center of the signal;

- Drop a 20 kg anchor (for areas with a flow velocity greater than 1 m/s and water depth greater than 3 m) and a 10 kg anchor (for other areas) next to the recently determined signal center. The anchor is connected to a plastic buoy with a diameter greater than 30 cm using a 12 mm nylon cable, and a red flag is planted on the buoy to mark the signal;

- When the water depth is less than 3 m, a bamboo pole can be used to mark the signal position;

2.3.7.4. Dive inspection, excavation, and processing of signals at depths up to 0.5 m from the riverbed.

- Apply to all marked signals mentioned in 2.3.7.3;

- Equipment used includes: Mine detector, diving gear, composite boat, rubber boat, buoy, anchor, rope, shovel, nylon cable, safety and labor protection equipment;

- Prepare and fully implement safety measures. Use divers equipped with diving gear and necessary hand tools such as: Rope, shovel, dive down to the marked signal location, conduct probing with a rope carefully, excavate layer by layer until the object causing the signal is fully exposed;

- Inspect and determine the object causing the signal: If it is not a mine or explosive device, use nylon cable to hoist it onto the boat and transport it to the designated location; if it is a mine or explosive device, handle it safely then use nylon cable to hoist it onto the boat and transport it to the designated location; if the mine or explosive device is unsafe for collection or transportation or unknown explosive, mark it again with buoys, anchors, and red flags awaiting separate handling;

- After completing the handling of the signal, use the mine detector to recheck around and below the recently handled signal to ensure there are no remaining signals. If there are still signals, proceed to handle them according to the above sequence;

2.3.7.5. Underwater mine clearance at depths from 0.5 meters to 3 meters or up to 5 meters from the seabed (search depth specified in Appendix D);

- Apply to areas where mines and explosives lie at depths from 0.5 meters to 3 meters or up to 5 meters from the seabed after completing underwater mine clearance at depths up to 0.5 meters from the seabed;

- Equipment used includes: Mine detector, composite boat, rubber boat, buoy; anchor, marking rope, safety and labor protection equipment;

- Check and determine water depth and magnetic field intensity of the seabed to adjust the mine detector. Set the sensitivity level of the mine detector from 4 to 7 depending on the magnetic field intensity of the seabed and requirements for search depth;

- Stretch the rope combined with a buoy 1 meter³, 50 kg and 20 kg anchors to divide the area into smaller search grids measuring 25 meters x 25 meters or 50 meters x 50 meters depending on the terrain. Stretch the rope to mark the search path dividing the search grids into strips 1 meter wide, usually the search path should align with the direction of the current flow;

- Use mine detection equipment placed on rubber boats or composite boats, lower the probe vertically close to the riverbed surface, 10 cm to 20 cm away from the riverbed surface, and proceed to detect along the detection path. After completing detection of one strip, move the rope to detect the next strip;

- Only conduct underwater RPBM under conditions where the flow velocity does not exceed 1 m/s. In cases where RPBM must be conducted under conditions with a flow velocity exceeding 1 m/s, additional safety measures, technical assurance, and quality control measures must be strengthened;

2.3.7.6. Marking signals at depths from 0.5 meters to 3 meters or up to 5 meters from the seabed

- Apply to all signals detected during underwater mine clearance at depths from 0.5 meters to 3 meters or up to 5 meters from the seabed;

- Equipment used and work contents are specified in 2.3.7.3;

2.3.7.7. Diving inspection, excavation and handling of signals at depths greater than 0.5 meters to 1 meter from the seabed

- Apply to all marked signals mentioned in 2.3.7.6;

- Equipment used includes: Mine detector, diving gear, composite boat, rubber boat, mud and sand flushing machine, buoy, anchor, rope, shovel, nylon cable, safety and labor protection equipment;

- Prepare and fully implement safety measures. Use divers carrying hand tools such as: Rope, shovel, flushing hose, dive down to the center of the marked signal, conduct probing with a rope, use the flushing hose in combination with digging layer by layer until the object causing the signal is fully exposed;

- Inspect and determine the object causing the signal: If it is not a mine or explosive device, use nylon cable to hoist it onto the boat and transport it to the designated location; if it is a mine or explosive device, handle it safely then use nylon cable to hoist it onto the boat and transport it to the designated location; if the mine or explosive device is unsafe for collection or transportation or unknown explosive, mark it again with buoys, anchors, and red flags awaiting separate handling;

- After completing the handling of the signal, use the mine detector to recheck around and below the recently handled signal to ensure there are no remaining signals. If there are still signals, proceed to handle them according to the above sequence;

2.3.7.8. Develop plans and organize construction for excavation and handling of signals under water at depths greater than 1 meter to 3 meters or up to 5 meters from the seabed

- Apply to all marked signals according to 2.3.7.6, after excavation to a depth of 1 meter still have not found the object causing the signal;

- Equipment used includes: Mine detector, diving gear, composite boat, rubber boat, high-pressure flushing machine, mud suction machine, buoy, anchor, rope, shovel, frame, safety and labor protection equipment, and installation and dismantling equipment for frames;

- Use divers equipped with excavation tools combined with high-pressure flushing machine and mud suction machine to probe and dig or flush until the object causing the signal is fully exposed and proceed as per 2.3.7.7;

- For areas with complex geology such as: Moving sand, mud, iron frames must be constructed. Use divers combined with high-pressure flushing machine to flush sand and mud, lower the frames gradually into place then dig until the object causing the signal is fully exposed and proceed as per 2.3.7.7.

2.3.8. Underwater mine clearance procedure

Apply to areas where underwater mine clearance or marine mine clearance is conducted with water depths of 15 meters or more. The construction process includes the following steps:

- Mobilization and demobilization of equipment;

- Positioning markers to define the scope of construction;

- Searching the seabed surface and from the seabed to a depth of 0.5 meters using underwater mine detectors, water depths from 15 meters to 30 meters;

- Searching from a depth of 0.5 meters to 3 meters or up to 5 meters from the seabed using underwater mine detectors, water depths from 15 meters to 30 meters;

- Searching the seabed surface and from the seabed to a depth of 3 meters or 5 meters using Sonar and Magnetometer devices, water depths up to 300 meters;

+ The length of each search path is based on the length of the mine clearance area and the daily workload but shall not exceed 5 kilometers;

+ Sonar and magnetometer devices must be kept 8 meters to 10 meters above the seabed;

+ Each subsequent search track must overlap one-third of the previous search track;

- Positioning and marking signals at water depths up to 30 meters;

- Diving, inspecting, and handling signals to a depth of 0.5 meters from the seabed, water depths from 15 meters to 30 meters;

- Diving, inspecting, and handling signals to a depth of 1 meter from the seabed, water depths from 15 meters to 30 meters;

- Diving and handling signals at depths from 1 meter to 3 meters from the seabed, water depths from 15 meters to 30 meters;

- Inspecting signals on the seabed surface using Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV), water depths from 30 meters to 300 meters;

- Excavating, inspecting, and handling signals to a depth of 1 meter, water depths from 30 meters to 150 meters;

- On-site destruction of mines and explosive devices, water depths from 30 meters to 150 meters;

- Developing plans and organizing construction for excavation and handling of signals at depths greater than 1 meter to 3 meters or up to 5 meters from the seabed.

2.3.9. Mine clearance equipment

2.3.9.1. For shallow mine detectors

2.3.9.1.1. Standardization: In accordance with the manufacturer's standards.

2.3.9.1.2. Technical requirements

- Detection depth must reach:

+ Infantry mines: Greater than or equal to 10 cm;

+ Anti-tank mines: Greater than or equal to 60 cm.

- Test site requirements:

+ Dimensions 10 m x 10 m x 5 m;

+ Non-magnetic material testing area (iron, steel);

+ Fill with clean sand (non-magnetic material);

2.3.9.2. For mine detectors (deep detection)

2.3.9.2.1. Synchronization: In accordance with the manufacturer's standard.

2.3.9.2.2. Technical requirements

- Turn on the device and wait for it to stabilize, emitting a "standard sound";

- Detection depth must reach:

+ Anti-tank mines: Greater than or equal to 150 cm;

+ 250 kg pump (or equivalent): Greater than or equal to 500 cm.

- Test site requirements:

+ Size 10mx10mx5m;

+ Non-magnetic material testing area (iron, steel);

+ Fill with clean sand (non-magnetic material);

2.3.9.3. Equipment for detecting and locating underwater mines and explosive devices

2.3.9.3.1. Synchronization: In accordance with the manufacturer's standard, including operational software.

2.3.9.3.2. Technical requirements:

- Size of mines and explosive devices to be found;

- Sea condition: Level 4;

- Operating depth: From 30 m to 300 m;

- Positioning accuracy: 1 m.

2.3.9.4. Distance measuring instrument

2.3.9.4.1. Synchronization: In accordance with the manufacturer's standard.

2.3.9.4.2. Technical requirements:

- Measure width from 50 m to 2000 m;

- Measure distance from 50 m to 2000 m when encountering obstacles.

2.3.9.5. Flow velocity meter

2.3.9.5.1. Synchronization: In accordance with the manufacturer's standard.

2.3.9.5.2. Technical requirements:

- Measure water flow speed from 0.1 m/s to 8 m/s.

2.3.9.6. Total station

2.3.9.6.1. Synchronization: In accordance with the manufacturer's standard.

2.3.9.6.2. Technical requirements:

- Angle measurement: Display 1”; accuracy 7”;

- Objective lens: Magnification 30x; field of view 1°30’ (26 m to 1000 m); minimum range 1.7 m;

- Measurement mode: Range measurement with single mirror up to 3500 m (infrared mode); without mirror greater than 1000 m, with mirror up to 7500 m (laser mode).

2.3.9.7. Personal protective equipment

2.3.9.7.1. Synchronization: Includes helmet, jacket, and shoes (life jacket for underwater RPBM).

2.3.9.7.2. Technical requirements: In accordance with the manufacturer's standard, capable of protecting against shock waves and flying debris dangerous to RPBM personnel.

NOTE:

- When conducting RPBM in areas with minefields, all personnel involved in searching and handling must have protective equipment;

- When conducting RPBM in other areas, only handling personnel need to have protective equipment.

2.4. Destruction of recovered mines and explosives

2.4.1. Regulations on collection, classification, management, transportation, and destruction of mines and explosives discovered during RPBM operations.

2.4.2. Methods of destroying recovered mines and explosives include: Disassembly method to remove explosives; water injection method to separate the casing and explosives; burning method; and detonation method.

2.4.3. Collection and classification of recovered mines and explosives:

2.4.3.1. For safe mines and explosives that can be collected and transported, technical measures should be taken to safely handle the fuses, and they should be concentrated at storage locations for batch destruction according to plans.

2.4.3.2. When collecting discovered mines and explosives for storage pending destruction, they must be organized into different categories based on their types. Different types of mines and explosives should not be mixed together. For sensitive and flammable/explosive mines and explosives, appropriate technical storage methods must be applied.

2.4.3.3. The quantity of each type of collected or processed mines and explosives daily must be fully recorded in tracking logs and construction diaries to avoid confusion or omissions. Mines and explosives discovered daily must be transported to storage locations for management and not left at the site overnight.

2.4.3.4. If mines and explosives are discovered but cannot be excavated, retrieved, and safely handled on the same day, warning signs must be placed and guards organized until excavation, retrieval, and handling are completed.

2.4.4. Transportation of recovered mines and explosives:

2.4.4.1. For ordinary, safe mines and explosives that can be collected and transported, they should be concentrated at designated locations and transported, classified, and stored after each work shift.

2.4.4.2. During collection and transportation from concentration points to storage locations, mines and explosives must be packed in wooden crates lined with sand or straw according to safety rules for transportation of each type before being transported for classification and storage.

2.4.5. Storage and preservation of recovered mines and explosives:

2.4.5.1. Storage and preservation locations for collected mines and explosives during search operations must be located far from populated areas, military camps, warehouses, and other structures. The layout should be reasonable based on the quantity and types of collected mines and explosives to ensure safety. Safety distances must comply with QCVN 02:2008/BCT National Technical Regulation on Safety in Transport, Storage, Use, and Destruction of Industrial Explosives, issued along with Decision No. 51/2008/QĐ-BCT dated December 30, 2008, by the Minister of Industry and Trade.

2.4.5.2. Storage and preservation locations for collected mines and explosives during search operations must be outside the impact zone of blast waves caused by explosions of these items (calculated based on the total number of mines and explosives currently stored).

2.4.5.3. Storage and preservation locations for collected mines and explosives during search operations must be strictly guarded and protected in accordance with the Guarding Regulations stipulated by the General Staff.

2.4.6. Destruction of recovered mines and explosives:

2.4.6.1. Destruction must be carried out in accordance with the current technological process. The destruction process for various types of mines and explosives is detailed in Appendix E. If the equipment at the processing station does not match the process content, the unit must report in writing to the competent authority for specific guidance. The export and import of mines and explosives for destruction must be conducted like managed inventory at live force warehouses.

2.4.6.2. Before destruction, check the condition of boxes and packaging; safety level (mines and explosives must have all firing pins removed); type, batch, quantity, and quality of mines and explosives to be destroyed.

2.4.6.3. Develop a destruction plan for mines and explosives according to the processing procedure model and submit it for approval by the competent authority.

2.4.6.4. The processing area shall be located in a convenient place with sufficient safe distance from construction works, residential areas, transportation, and the implementation of each process to ensure environmental hygiene. Each process shall be arranged at an appropriate location according to the layout, distance, and area specified in the procedure.

2.4.6.5. Command officers responsible for handling must have a bachelor's degree or higher in weapons expertise, and must have directly handled bombs and explosives using corresponding methods multiple times to ensure safety.

2.4.6.6. Technical staff members must have a primary level or higher education in weapons expertise, trained in the procedures for handling bombs and explosives using corresponding methods, passed the required examination, and obtained a certification.

2.4.6.7. Equipment, materials, and transportation means must meet the requirements of the procedure and current standards.

2.4.6.8. Before proceeding with the destruction of bombs and explosives, plans must be disseminated, additional training conducted, and trials performed. Notifications must be made to relevant agencies, local authorities, military units, local residents, and regular traffic passing through the area.

2.4.6.9. The contents of each process shall be carried out according to the current technological procedures for handling specific types of bombs and explosives as stipulated in Appendix E.

2.4.6.10. Dismantling shells to remove explosives can only be applied to bombs and explosives that have had their detonators and igniters removed, with non-metallic shell structures; explosives stuffed inside are TNT, Comp-B, and plastic C4 explosives that have established handling procedures.

2.4.6.11. Using water pressure to separate shells and explosives can only be applied to bombs and explosives that have had their detonators and igniters removed, with internal explosives having a melting point below 100°C and established handling procedures.^°C and have established handling procedures.

2.4.6.12. Burning can only be applied to bombs and explosives that have had their detonators and igniters removed, which no longer pose an explosion risk, are transitioning from burning to exploding, or releasing dangerous toxic substances during burning.

2.4.6.13. Detonation can only be applied to post-war bombs and explosives that cannot be handled by dismantling, water pressure, or burning methods (typically applicable to bombs and explosives that are not allowed to be moved or recovered).

2.4.6.14. All items recovered after processing must be fully registered and managed. Propose subsequent handling solutions for approval by competent authorities.

2.4.6.15. Adhere to safety rules according to the handling procedures for each type of bomb and explosive, ensuring absolute safety.

2.4.6.16. After completing the destruction of bombs and explosives, a comprehensive report of the results must be submitted to relevant functional agencies.

2.4.7. The collection, classification, transportation, and destruction of recovered bombs and explosives shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 2.2.12.11 and 2.2.12.12.

2.5. Acceptance and Handover

2.5.1. Only works meeting the technical procedures and construction technical solutions approved can be accepted, following the requirements stated in 2.5.

2.5.2. For projects (components) that have been completed but still have some deficiencies that do not affect the quality of the project (component), acceptance may be granted while requiring rectification of these deficiencies and re-acceptance once they are corrected.

2.5.3. When accepting projects (components), strict adherence to the approved construction technical solutions and specified technical procedures is mandatory.

2.5.4. Construction progress acceptance records and handover acceptance records for putting the project into use serve as the basis for finalizing payment settlements for completed projects (components).

2.5.5. Projects (components) will not be accepted if the work has been redone but still does not meet the quality requirements of the project.

2.5.6. The project owner or the construction supervision unit of the project owner must regularly inspect the construction work on-site.

2.5.7. Quality construction acceptance steps include: Quantity acceptance; completion acceptance of individual works for handover and use.

2.5.8. The content of quality construction acceptance for projects (components) includes: Work acceptance; construction phase acceptance; completion acceptance of projects (components) for use.

2.5.8.1. Work Acceptance

- Direct participants in acceptance include: Construction site supervisors of the project owner or consulting supervisors; construction responsibility personnel of the contractor;

- Responsibilities of participating parties in acceptance involve directly conducting acceptance of completed works during construction;

- Necessary conditions for acceptance include the object being fully constructed and having complete documentation; internal acceptance records and contractor acceptance request forms;

- Content and sequence of acceptance: On-site inspection; review of documentation according to the list; comparison of inspection results with approved construction technical solutions and procedures; evaluation and conclusion;

- On-site inspection includes:

+ Inspection of work quality using sampling methods at certain points (usually 20m x 20m) with an inspected area not less than 1% of the total area that has been cleared;

+ Checking boundary markers of the completed area against the as-built drawings, verifying the quantity of completed work.

- Conclusion: Acceptance of works that meet the criteria; rejection of works that do not comply with approved construction technical solutions or do not meet specified procedures;

- The format of the work acceptance record is specified in Appendix F.

2.5.8.2. Construction Phase Acceptance

- Direct participants in acceptance include: Supervision construction department heads of the project owner or consulting supervisors; construction responsibility personnel of the contractor;

- Responsibilities of participating parties in acceptance require direct conduct of acceptance within three days of receiving the contractor's acceptance request form.

- Necessary condition for acceptance: The object to be accepted has been completed; all works and construction stages mentioned in 2.5.8.1 have been carried out; complete files and documents are available.

- Content and procedure for acceptance: On-site inspection; checking files and documents according to the list; comparing inspection results with approved construction technical solutions and technical procedures to assess construction quality; evaluating quality and concluding.

- Conclusion: Acceptance of works that meet the criteria; rejection of works that do not comply with approved construction technical solutions or do not meet specified procedures;

- Sample of the construction phase acceptance record is specified in Appendix G.

2.5.8.3. Acceptance of the completed project (component) for use

- Direct participants in acceptance include: Project owner (legal representative and person responsible for construction supervision); contractor (legal representative and person responsible for construction); design contractor participating in acceptance upon request of the project owner (legal representative, person who prepared the construction technical solution); and other direct participants in acceptance (upon request of the project owner).

- Responsibilities of participants in acceptance: Directly carry out acceptance for handover and use; acceptance must not be delayed more than five days from receipt of the contractor's acceptance request form or receipt of the project owner's request document; acceptance must conclude within the deadline set by the project owner.

- Necessary condition for acceptance: The object to be accepted has been completed; all works and construction stages mentioned in 2.5.8.1 and 2.5.8.2 have been carried out; sufficient legal documents of the object to be accepted are available; complete completion-related files and documents are available; there is an internal acceptance record of the construction contractor.

- Content and procedure for acceptance: On-site inspection of the completed project (component); checking files and documents according to the list; inspecting conditions for putting the project (component) into use; inspecting and assessing the quality of RPBM work of the object to be accepted; inspecting construction results against the approved construction technical solution; evaluating and concluding.

- Conclusion: Acceptance of components reviewed; refusal to accept the project (component) when quality issues are found during construction.

- Sample of the acceptance record for the completed project (component) for use is specified in Appendix H.

2.5.9. Handover of the project (component) is the contractor transferring the entire construction site of the project (component) that has been completed to the owner for use and preservation.

2.5.10. Specifies principles, content, and procedure for conducting project (component) handover after completion and use.

2.5.11. The completed project (component) for handover and use is a collection of all construction components according to the approved construction technical solution. Handover of the project (component) is only permitted after technical acceptance according to the "acceptance of construction projects" standard and after all deficiencies noted in the acceptance record have been corrected.

2.5.12. Contents of project (component) handover:

2.5.12.1. Participants in handover: Representative of the project owner (Party A) leading; representative of the construction supervision organization (if any); representative of the receiving contractor (Party B); representative of the design organization preparing the construction technical solution.

2.5.12.2. Tasks to be performed during handover: Agree on handover schedule; check technical acceptance documents of the project (component); tally new quality defects discovered during handover inspection and assign responsibility to relevant parties for resolution; prepare handover record of the project (component). The sample of the completed handover record of the project (component) is specified in Appendix I.

2.5.12.3. When handing over, the contractor must provide the project owner with the following documents: As-built drawings of the project (component); related documents on design changes; phased acceptance documents of the project (component); acceptance record of the project (component).

2.5.13. The project owner has the responsibility and authority to: Establish the handover schedule of the project (component); organize handover meetings of the project (component); accept handover of the project (component) and all related documents on the construction technical solution and construction; refuse to accept handover of the project (component) if it has not been accepted or the receiving contractor has not repaired deficiencies noted in the technical acceptance record.

2.5.14. The directly contracted entity has the responsibility and authority: To hand over the project (component) to the project owner on time; repair deficiencies according to the schedule recorded in the technical acceptance record and handover record of the project (component); handle final settlement of the project (component); lodge complaints with state quality inspection agencies regarding cases where the project meets quality standards but the project owner does not accept or fails to organize handover within the prescribed timeframe.

2.5.15. Responsibilities and authorities of the design entity preparing the construction technical solution: Participate in the handover team of the project (component); not sign the handover record of the project (component) if construction does not comply with the design; agree (or disagree) to temporarily hand over components for use before the full handover deadline.

2.6. Medical support

2.6.1. The minimum age of personnel participating in RPBM activities must be 18 years old or older.

2.6.2. Personnel recruited for RPBM activities must have suitable health, without any medical conditions affecting their expected job responsibilities.

2.6.3. All RPBM site workers must undergo regular health checks once or twice a year conducted by qualified healthcare facilities and pre-RPBM work medical examinations conducted by a doctor. RPBM personnel must not have physical or mental illnesses, infectious diseases, allergies... that may affect their ability to perform RPBM work.

2.6.4. The organizations conducting RPBM must establish and maintain emergency response plans for mine accidents at each RPBM site. This plan must identify: the training needs and qualifications of all staff at the RPBM site; the necessary equipment and facilities to implement the emergency response plan; the location of hospitals with appropriate medical personnel and equipment.

2.6.5. Develop and maintain measures to minimize the risk of mine accidents and collective accidents caused by mines. The advance team must have the skills to perform initial first aid techniques, the necessary medical skills and equipment to respond to mine accidents.

2.6.6. Develop and maintain: documentation on managing the RPBM site (blood type, infectious diseases, and allergies of each employee); the ability to transport victims to medical facilities with appropriate medical personnel and equipment; insurance policies in various cases.

2.6.7. Regularly review the emergency response procedures and casualty evacuation procedures from the time of the accident until the victim is transported to an appropriate treatment or surgical facility.

2.6.8. Inform all RPBM staff about health hazards, including insects and infectious diseases, waterborne illnesses, venomous animals or insects living in the RPBM area, and risks of exposure to toxic substances in the RPBM area (such as dioxin, harmful chemicals, radioactive materials, etc.).

2.6.9. In necessary cases, provide medication, preventive antibiotics, and other protective equipment. Timely vaccination against tetanus, yellow fever, hepatitis, according to the advice of healthcare experts, local or international health authorities.

2.6.10. The mine accident response plan must include provisions regarding responsibilities:

2.6.10.1. Managing the on-site emergency response process, such as: Procedures for moving victims out of dangerous areas, or procedures for moving victims away from RPBM mechanical equipment;

2.6.10.2. On-site first aid and medical care including: CPR techniques, artificial respiration; temporary bleeding control; bandaging wounds; temporary bone fracture immobilization; moving victims out of dangerous areas;

2.6.10.3. Transporting victims to specialized medical facilities capable of performing appropriate surgery, including: Details of the transportation route (air, road, water) and means of transportation: aircraft, ships, boats, ambulances, or equivalent transport vehicles; details of security during transportation; fuel, food, and spare parts along the route;

2.6.10.4. Medical care and treatment for victims during transportation from the accident site to the surgical facility;

2.6.10.5. Establishing and maintaining equipment, facilities, and medications for responding to mine accidents, including: Medications, on-site medical facilities and equipment; ambulance equipment, including specialized and appropriate medical equipment or fixed equipment to support victim management throughout the transportation to medical treatment or surgical facilities; preparing and maintaining communication information on-site and during transportation. The organization of medical support staff and minimum equipment on the RPBM site is specified in Appendix K.

2.6.11. Each RPBM site must have teams with resources capable of:

2.6.11.1. Quickly removing victims from dangerous areas;

2.6.11.2. Performing initial first aid for victims within 3 to 5 minutes after a mine accident while conducting RPBM;

2.6.11.3. Transporting victims to an appropriate medical facility within a maximum of 6 hours following the accident;

2.6.11.4. Providing medical care during transportation;

2.6.11.5. Contacting medical facilities, rescue teams, or other cooperating organizations responsible for supporting RPBM organizations in responding to mine accidents.

2.6.12. Each RPBM site must equip and train staff to:

2.6.12.1. Remove victims from dangerous areas or RPBM equipment;

2.6.12.2. Quickly assess the extent of injuries and prioritize emergency care and transportation;

2.6.12.3. Perform basic first aid techniques including: CPR, artificial respiration; shock prevention and treatment; temporary bleeding control; wound cleaning and bandaging; temporary bone fracture immobilization; transporting victims according to instructions.

2.6.12.4. Provide antibiotics and tetanus antitoxins if the victim does not receive the assistance described in 2.6.12.3 within the next 6 hours from the time of the accident.

2.6.13. RPBM organizations ensure that each small RPBM team has:

2.6.13.1. Staff trained in basic first aid (five basic first aid techniques) and the necessary resources (including communication equipment) to respond to accidents and transport victims to intermediate medical facilities or the nearest surgical facility;

2.6.13.2. Adequate staffing to manage and implement appropriate emergency response procedures, including procedures to reduce the risk of collective mine accidents.

2.6.14. All individuals working or inspecting the site must be fully trained in warning measures to prevent mine accident risks, and necessary actions in case of a mine accident. Detailed regulations on medical training for forces participating in RPBM activities are provided in Appendix L.

2.7. Investigation of Explosive Ordnance Incidents

2.7.1. Explosive ordnance incidents shall be reported to the State Management Agency for UXO Clearance:

2.7.1.1. Accidents caused by explosive ordnance or unexploded ordnance resulting in harm to personnel involved in UXO clearance, inspection teams, or local residents at the UXO clearance site;

2.7.1.2. Explosive ordnance incidents or damage to equipment or property at the UXO clearance site;

2.7.1.3. Discovery of explosive ordnance or unexploded ordnance in areas that have been cleared;

2.7.1.4. Situations where UXO clearance personnel may be endangered due to the application of technical standards, procedures, or the use of UXO clearance equipment (in this case, it is due to limitations or deficiencies in the standards, procedures, or equipment used, leading to potential incidents when applied in actual work);

2.7.1.5. Any unplanned explosions of explosive ordnance or unexploded ordnance at the UXO clearance site, regardless of cause or consequence.

2.7.2. Reports on explosive ordnance incidents include preliminary reports and detailed incident reports according to Appendices M and N.

2.7.3. Preliminary reports on explosive ordnance incidents consist of two parts: telephone reports and initial written incident reports sent via fax or email. This preliminary report provides basic information about explosive ordnance incidents, allowing the State Management Agency for UXO Clearance to provide timely support in emergency situations and issue general warnings to other UXO clearance organizations regarding incidents arising from the application of technical standards, procedures, or equipment.

2.7.4. Detailed reports on explosive ordnance incidents are internal investigations conducted by the UXO clearance organization and must be completed quickly following the incident (within no more than seven days). The decision to conduct an investigation will be made by the State Management Agency for UXO Clearance based on specific circumstances.

2.7.5. The purpose of investigating explosive ordnance incidents is to identify potential causes of such incidents to prevent similar future occurrences, thereby enhancing safety and quality in the UXO clearance process. Explosive ordnance incident investigations are independent activities separate from legal accident investigations. Explosive ordnance incidents must be investigated:

2.7.5.1. Explosive ordnance accidents causing injury or death;

2.7.5.2. Explosive ordnance incidents causing property damage;

2.7.5.3. Explosive ordnance incidents resulting in losses requiring compensation from community members;

2.7.5.4. Explosive ordnance incidents related to significant events causing substantial damage;

2.7.5.5. Explosive ordnance incidents involving the discovery of remaining explosive ordnance in previously cleared areas;

2.7.5.6. Explosive ordnance incidents occurring when UXO clearance personnel may be endangered due to the application of technical standards, procedures, or equipment;

2.7.5.7. Explosive ordnance incidents involving any unplanned explosions of explosive ordnance within the UXO clearance area;

2.7.5.8. Explosive ordnance incidents attracting media attention.

2.7.6. Conducting investigations of explosive ordnance incidents must ensure:

2.7.6.1. Investigations begin as soon as possible;

2.7.6.2. Individuals selected to participate in formal investigations are not involved in the incident and possess the necessary skills, experience, and capabilities for the investigation;

2.7.6.3. Incident areas must be protected for as long as possible until the investigation concludes to avoid loss of valuable information;

2.7.6.4. Photographs of the incident area must be taken immediately;

2.7.6.5. Except in exceptional cases, investigation reports must be submitted as required and ensure clarity and accuracy (including conclusions and recommendations for improvement if applicable).

2.7.7. Investigation of explosive ordnance incidents includes internal investigation and independent investigation (the levels of internal investigation and independent investigation are specified in Appendix O).

2.7.8. Internal investigation is conducted by a suitable expert and an experienced member of the RPBM organization but not someone directly involved in the incident. Typically, a detailed report on the explosive ordnance incident will form this investigation.

2.7.9. Independent investigation is carried out by qualified and experienced experts from the State Management Agency for RPBM. The independent investigation team must consist of at least three members, including one member from the RPBM organization but not someone directly involved in the incident.

2.7.10. The State Management Agency for RPBM is responsible for disseminating information about explosive ordnance incidents. The information disseminated widely includes:

2.7.10.1. Cases causing incidents and resulting harm from incidents;

2.7.10.2. Analysis of information collected throughout the investigation process;

2.7.10.3. Conclusions and assessments after the completion of the investigation.

2.7.11. The State Management Agency for RPBM:

2.7.11.1. Establishes and builds principles for reporting and investigating explosive ordnance incidents;

2.7.11.2. Appoints personnel to conduct explosive ordnance incident investigations;

2.7.11.3. Disseminates the results of all reports and investigations on explosive ordnance incidents to RPBM organizations.

2.7.12. RPBM organizations:

2.7.12.1. Report all explosive ordnance incidents to the State Management Agency for RPBM according to the prescribed forms and timeframes;

2.7.12.2. Timely photograph explosive ordnance incidents at the scene and protect the scene until the incident is investigated;

2.7.12.3. Provide means and personnel (if necessary) to participate in the investigation of incidents;

2.7.12.4. Prepare for the investigation of initial survey files, technical procedures, employee training, RPBM equipment;

2.7.12.5. Assist designated personnel for the investigation of explosive ordnance incidents;

2.7.12.6. Be ready to provide investigation results to other RPBM organizations (upon request).

2.7.13. RPBM staff:

2.7.13.1. Strictly adhere to published and recognized standards and technical procedures to prevent incidents when conducting RPBM;

2.7.13.2. Report existing issues leading to the risk of incidents during training or application of standards or technical procedures;

2.7.13.3. Report promptly when incidents occur;

2.7.13.4. Support organizations in investigating incidents.

Activities related to the collection, analysis, and evaluation of information on mines, explosive ordnance, and contaminated areas in a specific region.

3.1. Domestic and foreign organizations and individuals engaged in activities related to RPBM within the territory of Vietnam must comply with the provisions of Article 2 of this Standard.

3.2. The Engineering Corps is responsible for directing and guiding RPBM organizations to implement RPBM work in accordance with the provisions of this Standard.

3.3. The Standards, Metrology, and Quality Control Department is responsible for coordinating with the Engineering Corps to organize the development of standards as technical bases for implementing this Standard.

4. IMPLEMENTATION ORGANIZATIONS

4.1. The Standards, Metrology, and Quality Control Department is responsible for coordinating with the Engineering Corps to guide and inspect the implementation of this Standard.

4.2. In cases where referenced documents in this Standard are amended, supplemented, or replaced, they shall be implemented according to the new document's provisions.