Circular No. 157/2025/TT-BTC guiding the registration and use of accounts at the State Treasury

CIRCULAR
Guidelines for registering and using accounts at the State Treasury

Pursuant to Decree No. 163/2016/NĐ-CP dated December 21, 2016 of the Government detailing the implementation of certain provisions of the Law on State Budget;

Pursuant to Decree No. 174/2016/NĐ-CP dated December 30, 2016 of the Government detailing and guiding the implementation of certain provisions of the Accounting Law applicable in the field of state accounting;

Pursuant to Decree No. 24/2016/NĐ-CP dated April 5, 2016 of the Government stipulating the regime for managing state cash balances, amended and supplemented by Decree No. 14/2025/NĐ-CP dated January 24, 2025 of the Government;

Pursuant to Decree No. 29/2025/NĐ-CP dated February 24, 2025 of the Government stipulating the functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of Finance;

Pursuant to Decree No. 120/2016/NĐ-CP dated August 23, 2016 of the Government detailing and guiding the implementation of certain provisions of the Law on Fees and Charges, amended and supplemented by Decree No. 82/2023/NĐ-CP dated November 28, 2023 of the Government;

Pursuant to Decree No. 60/2021/NĐ-CP dated June 21, 2021 of the Government stipulating the mechanism of financial autonomy of public service units, amended and supplemented by Decree No. 111/2025/NĐ-CP dated May 22, 2025 of the Government;
of the Government;

Pursuant to Decree No. 254/2025/NĐ-CP dated September 26, 2025 of the Government stipulating management, payment, and settlement procedures for projects using public investment capital;
Pursuant to Decree No. 347/2025/NĐ-CP dated December 29, 2025 of the Government stipulating administrative procedures within the domain of the State Treasury;

At the proposal of the General Director of the State Treasury;

The Minister of Finance promulgates this Circular guiding the registration and use of accounts at the State Treasury.

PART I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of Regulation

This Circular guides the registration and use of accounts; the freezing and closing of accounts; reconciliation and confirmation of account balances; interest on deposits and service fees for transactions for entities registering and using accounts at the State Treasury (hereinafter referred to as the ST).

Article 2. Applicability

1. Entities registering and using accounts at the ST include:

- Units using the state budget (hereinafter referred to as the SB) and organizations supported by the SB;

- Budget organizations (to monitor the allocation of level 0 budgets; revenue and expenditure transfers between levels of the budget) and primary and intermediate budget planning units allocating budgets to SB-using units (with the ST entering and approving journal entries on TABMIS from level I and intermediate levels to SB-using units);

- Project sponsors with public investment projects under the budgets of various levels;

- Management boards assigned to manage public investment projects, having legal personality, permitted to register and use accounts at the ST as recorded in the establishment document or a document from a competent state agency;

- National financial funds outside the budget;

- Agencies, units, and organizations authorized by competent state agencies to collect fees, administrative fines, and confiscations as prescribed;

- Revenue collection agencies;

- Agencies inspecting, auditing, and supervising the management and use of the SB;

- Other agencies, units, organizations, and individuals registering and using accounts at the ST in accordance with the law.

2. Units within the State Treasury system.

Article 3. Principles for registering and using accounts

1. Agencies, units, organizations, and individuals may register and use accounts at the ST where their main office is located or where transactions are convenient. In case an agency, unit, organization, or individual changes the ST for transactions, they must close the account at the ST where they previously conducted transactions, except for SB revenue accounts.

2. Main contractors, subcontractors, units, and organizations implementing compensation, support, and resettlement tasks may register and use deposit accounts at ST units to receive payments from units and project management boards according to the requirements of competent state agencies.

3. Procedures for registering the use of accounts and sample seals, signatures, supplementary accounts, changes to legal documents, seals, and signatures of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals at the ST; procedures for closing accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals at the ST; procedures for reconciling and confirming account balances of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals at the ST shall be carried out in accordance with Decree No. 347/2025/NĐ-CP dated December 29, 2025 of the Government stipulating administrative procedures within the domain of the ST.

4. Heads of agencies, units, and organizations are responsible under the law for cases where appointment documents, authorization documents, assignment documents for Account Managers or Chief Accountants, or assignment documents for persons responsible for accounting have expired but the agency, unit, or organization has not issued new appointment, authorization, or assignment documents for the Account Manager, Chief Accountant, or person responsible for accounting, or has not re-registered the seal of the unit, or has not completed the procedure for changing legal documents, seals, and signatures at the ST. The ST does not bear responsibility for monitoring the validity periods of these positions and the validity periods of the seals of agencies, units, and organizations.

5. All signatures of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals (first signature, second signature) must be signed on each copy of the document. The signature on accounting documents of one person must be consistent and must match the signature registered at the ST. The seal of agencies, units, and organizations on documents must correspond to the valid sample seal registered at the ST.

Before agencies, units, and organizations participate in electronic transactions with the ST, they must notify the digital signatures of relevant individuals within the agency, unit, or organization associated with each position participating and for each specific transaction account on the electronic environment through the National Public Service Portal.

The digital signature notified to sign the position of Account Manager or the person authorized (first signature); the Chief Accountant/Responsible Accountant/person assigned to sign the position of Chief Accountant on accounting documents or the person authorized (second signature) on electronic money transfer documents through the National Public Service Portal must be the corresponding digital signature of the person approved by the ST to sign the first signature and the second signature in the application for opening and using the account of the agency, unit, or organization.

The number of digital signatures for the first signature and the second signature shall not exceed the number of people signing the corresponding signatures stipulated in Article 7 of this Circular.

6. When implementing the freezing or closing of accounts, agencies, units, organizations, individuals, and the ST must reconcile data and confirm the balance up to the date of reconciliation. The processing and transferring of account balances to another place shall be carried out according to specific legal requirements of agencies, units, organizations, individuals, or requests of competent state agencies.

7. Agencies, units, and organizations registering accounts at the ST are responsible for reviewing data, reconciling with data at the ST, and sending reconciliation statements and confirmation of account balances to the ST monthly, quarterly, or annually depending on the type of account, or reconciling unexpectedly when required according to the prescribed forms.

8. In case an agency, unit, organization, or individual has registered to use an account and been approved by the ST, but due to management requirements, the ST changes the announced accounting account, the ST transaction location will notify the agency, unit, organization, or individual in writing of the new accounting account, update the new account on the application for using the account of the agency, unit, organization, or individual, and record the reason for the change.

Article 4. Accounts and Account Classification of Agencies, Units, Organizations, and Individuals Opened at KBNN

1. The accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals opened at KBNN are a combination of accounting account codes combined with other code segments as prescribed in the Accounting System for State Budget and KBNN Business Operations issued together with Circular No. 77/2017/TT-BTC dated July 28, 2017 of the Ministry of Finance, amended and supplemented by Circular No. 19/2020/TT-BTC dated March 31, 2020 of the Minister of Finance; among which, the unit code related to the budget (hereinafter referred to as the Unit Code Related to the Budget or UCRB) is a mandatory code used to distinguish the accounts of different agencies, units, and organizations.

2. Depending on management requirements and the nature of fund usage, the types of accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals opened at KBNN are classified specifically as follows:

a) Budget Accounts

Budget accounts are opened for budget-using units and budget organizations to monitor budgets, including: regular expenditure budget accounts, public investment budget accounts, aid budget accounts, transfer budget accounts, domestic revenue and expenditure budget accounts, foreign revenue and expenditure budget accounts, and budget accounts for payment orders.

b) Deposit Accounts

Deposit accounts are opened for budget-using units, public service units, organizations, and individuals, including accounting codes under the Group of Deposits Payable of units and individuals, specifically as follows:

- Administrative and Public Service Deposit Accounts (including budget deposit accounts, fee collection deposit accounts, and other administrative and public service deposit accounts).

- Project Management Board Deposit Accounts.

- Purpose-Specific Deposit Accounts.

- ODA Loan, Preferential Loan, and Non-Reimbursable Foreign Aid Deposit Accounts.

- Organization Deposit Accounts.

- Fund Deposit Accounts.

- Special Deposit Accounts of Units.

- Deposit Accounts of Other Agencies, Units, and Organizations.

- Individual Deposit Accounts.

c) Deposit-Like Accounts

Deposit-like accounts are opened for agencies, units, and organizations, including specific accounting codes as follows:

- Deposit Accounts under the Group of Deposits Payable to Reflect Pre-Tax Revenue before Submission to the State Budget, Temporary Import Re-Export Taxes, Tax Claims, Pending Revenue, Deposits Payable to the State Budget for the Following Year, and Other Temporary Deposits.
- Temporary Holding Accounts for Processing opened for revenue collection agencies to reflect temporarily held assets awaiting processing according to the law and detailed according to financial authorities, customs authorities, and other relevant authorities.

- Other Payable Accounts opened to reflect other payable items outside the scope of the above-mentioned accounts.

d) State Budget Revenue Accounts of Revenue Collection Agencies, Value Added Tax Refund Accounts of Tax Authorities
State Budget Revenue Accounts of Revenue Collection Agencies, Value Added Tax Refund Accounts of Tax Authorities are opened to monitor State Budget revenues, adjustments, refunds, and settlements of State Budget revenues.

Article 5. Responsibilities and Authority of Account Holders

1. Responsibilities

The Account Holder is the legal representative responsible for managing the use of funds in the accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals at KBNN, with the following responsibilities:

a) Establishing and submitting registration and usage files for accounts to KBNN; being responsible for the legality of documents related to the Registration and Usage Files of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals.

b) Adhering to the registration and usage system for accounts at KBNN as stipulated in Decree No. 347/2025/NĐ-CP and this Circular. In case agencies, units, organizations, and individuals violate regulations on account registration and usage at KBNN, they will be penalized according to laws on administrative violations.

c) Using their own UCRB in budget-related transactions from the budget preparation stage, consolidation, and allocation, compliance, and settlement.

d) Adhering strictly to state financial and monetary management systems.

đ) Promptly notifying the KBNN where the account is opened upon discovering errors, mistakes, or suspicions of misuse of their account.

e) Returning or cooperating with KBNN to return amounts erroneously credited to their account.

g) Providing complete, clear, and accurate information related to account registration and usage. Timely informing and submitting related documents to the KBNN where the account is registered when there are changes in the account registration file.

h) Recording full account information on vouchers and contracts with suppliers of goods and services, account numbers in the format prescribed in Clause 2, Article 8 of this Circular.

i) Being responsible for losses due to errors or misuse, fraud when using the account due to their own fault.

k) Not renting or lending accounts.

2. Authority

a) The Account Holder has the right to request the KBNN where the account is registered and used to perform legitimate economic transactions; can authorize others to act as Account Holders or sign transaction documents with KBNN in accordance with the law and authorization procedures.

b) Requesting the KBNN where the account is registered and used to close the account when necessary.

c) Requesting the KBNN where the account is registered and used to reconcile account balances periodically as prescribed or at the discretion of authorized bodies.

d) Authorizing the KBNN to deduct funds from the account for payments according to prescribed regulations.

đ) Having the right to request the KBNN to copy relevant accounting documents in accordance with accounting laws.

d) Is authorized to have KBNN deduct from the payment account amounts in accordance with prescribed regulations.

đ) Has the right to request KBNN to copy accounting documents related thereto as provided for by accounting laws.

Article 6. Tasks and Authorities of KBNN

a) Establishing and submitting registration and usage files for accounts to KBNN; being responsible for the legality of documents related to the Registration and Usage Files of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals.

a) Guide agencies, units, organizations, and individuals to comply with the regulations on account registration and usage at KBNN as stipulated in Decree No. 347/2025/NĐ-CP dated December 29, 2025, issued by the Government regarding administrative procedures under the KBNN sector and this Circular.

b) Organize the acceptance and processing of account registration and usage applications for entities specified in Article 2 of this Circular.

c) Properly record accounting accounts according to each transaction content on accounting vouchers of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals. Timely credit the accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals upon receipt of payment transfer orders and cash deposits into accounts; promptly refund amounts mistakenly recorded as debits due to errors or confusion.

d) Retain samples of seals and signatures of Account Holders, Chief Accountants/designees authorized to sign as Chief Accountants or persons responsible for accounting (in cases where agencies, units, and organizations must register Chief Accountant signatures) and those authorized to check and verify during the use of agency, unit, organization, and individual accounts.

đ) Promptly update information when notified of changes in account opening documentation content by Account Holders. Safeguard and store account opening documentation and transaction vouchers through accounts in accordance with legal provisions.

e) Ensure confidentiality of information related to the accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals in compliance with legal provisions.

g) Be responsible for losses resulting from errors or misuse, fraud on the accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals due to KBNN's fault.

h) Adhere to current financial management systems and principles applicable to agencies, units, organizations, and individuals registering and using accounts at KBNN; resolve and process in accordance with decisions of competent state authorities.

i) Inspect and supervise compliance with account registration and usage systems at KBNN.

k) Issue Certificates of Transaction Unit Code for agencies, units, and organizations in accordance with KBNN regulations.

1) Notify account numbers to agencies, units, organizations, and individuals in accordance with Clause 2 of Article 8 of this Circular.

m) Deduct funds from accounts based on authorization from Account Holders in compliance with legal provisions.

n) Pay interest to entities entitled to interest as stipulated in Article 12 of this Circular.

o) Regularly reconcile data between KBNN and agencies, units, and organizations using accounts at KBNN.

p) Provide copies of relevant accounting documents when requested by agencies, units, and organizations in accordance with accounting laws.

q) Cooperate and assist in auditing accounts of ODA programs and projects at the request of sponsors for accounts opened at KBNN using foreign loan and aid funds.

b) Requesting the KBNN where the account is registered and used to close the account when necessary.

a) Refuse account usage registration for entities not within the scope permitted to register and use accounts at KBNN and those not complying with account registration and usage regulations at KBNN as stipulated in Decree No. 347/2025/NĐ-CP and this Circular.

b) Charge fees to entities subject to service charges for payment transactions as stipulated in Article 13 of this Circular.

c) Freeze or automatically deduct accounts of Account Holders based on decisions of competent state authorities.

d) Provide economic information about the activities of Account Holders upon written requests from competent state authorities in accordance with legal provisions.

Chapter II
SPECIFIC PROVISIONS

Section 1
ACCOUNT REGISTRATION AND USAGE

Article 7. Regulations on Seal Samples and Signature Samples

1. Regarding Signatures

a) For agencies, units, and organizations using State Budget and budgetary organizations:

- First signature: The signature of the Head of the agency, unit, or organization (or their authorized representative appointed as Account Holder) and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Account Holder. Each agency, unit, or organization may register up to a maximum of four people for the first signature (Account Holder and three authorized representatives signing on behalf of the Account Holder). The Head of the agency, unit, or organization cannot authorize the person registering the second signature to act as the Account Holder.

- Second signature: The signature of the Chief Accountant or accounting supervisor of the agency, unit, or organization and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Chief Accountant or accounting supervisor. Each agency, unit, or organization may register up to a maximum of three people for the second signature (Chief Accountant or accounting supervisor and two authorized representatives).

Agencies, units, and organizations under the Defense and Security sectors that do not have a Chief Accountant do not need to register the second signature. On transaction documents with KBNN, the position of Chief Accountant should clearly indicate "Not Applicable."

b) For financial agencies:

- First signature: The signature of the Head of the agency, unit (or their authorized representative appointed as Account Holder) and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Account Holder, specifically as follows:

+ Central budget: Leaders of the National Budget Department - Ministry of Finance for domestic revenue and expenditure; leaders of the Debt Management and External Economic Department - Ministry of Finance for foreign capital revenue and expenditure and debt repayment reserve fund.

+ Provincial budget: Leaders of the Provincial Finance Department.

+ Commune-level budget: Chairman, Vice-Chairman of the People's Committee at the commune level or Head of the Economic Office (for communes and special zones) or Economic Office, Infrastructure and Urban Development (for wards and special zone Phú Quốc) (hereinafter referred to as the Economic Office) when appointed in writing by the Chairman of the People's Committee at the commune level to act as Account Holder.
- Second signature: The signature of designated staff members, specifically as follows:

+ Central budget: Leaders of the National Budget Management Office - National Budget Department for domestic revenue and expenditure; leaders of specialized departments of the Debt Management and External Economic Department for foreign capital revenue and expenditure, debt repayment reserve fund.

+ Provincial budget: Leaders of specialized departments (Provincial Finance Department) assigned to manage accounts paid by Payment Orders, revenue and expenditure accounts, budget transfer expenditure accounts, deposit accounts.

+ Commune-level budget: Leaders of the Economic Office when the Chairman or Vice-Chairman of the People's Committee at the commune level acts as Account Holder or Economic Office staff assigned to manage accounts paid by Payment Orders, revenue and expenditure accounts, budget transfer expenditure accounts, deposit accounts.

c) For revenue collection agencies:

First signature: The signature of the Head of the agency, unit, or organization (or their authorized representative appointed as Account Holder) and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Account Holder.

- No second signature registration.

d) For agencies inspecting and auditing the management and use of the State Budget:

- First signature: The signature of the Head of the agency, unit (or their authorized representative appointed as Account Holder) and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Account Holder.

- Second signature: The signature of the Chief Accountant or accounting supervisor of the unit and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Chief Accountant or accounting supervisor.

In particular, for cases where the agency or unit is not an accounting entity, the second signature can be the signature of a staff member assigned to monitor temporary receipts and holdings; in such cases, the agency or unit sends a written assignment letter to the staff member monitoring temporary receipts and holdings, who will be designated as Chief Accountant on accounting transaction documents with KBNN.

đ) For enterprises and other organizations:

- First signature: The signature of the Head of the enterprise or organization (or their authorized representative appointed as Account Holder) or the legal representative registered in the Business Registration Certificate (for private enterprises) and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Account Holder.

Specifically, for State-owned Joint Stock Companies with One Member: depending on specific provisions in the Company Charter, the Account Holder may be the Chairman of the Board of Members, General Director, or Managing Director (the Chairman of the Board of Members may concurrently hold or hire others to serve as General Director or Managing Director); the registration of signatures shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions for the above enterprises and organizations.

- Second signature: The signature of the Chief Accountant (or accounting supervisor) and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Chief Accountant.
- Second signature: Is the signature of the Chief Accountant (or the person in charge of accounting) and the person authorized to sign on behalf of the Chief Accountant.

e) In the case where the agency, unit, organization is not an accounting entity, the second signature shall be that of the person assigned to monitor the account of the agency, unit, organization at the State Treasury; in this case, the agency, unit, organization shall send a Written Assignment of Duties for the staff member monitoring the account of the agency, unit, organization at the State Treasury to sign the transaction accounting voucher with the State Treasury under the title Chief Accountant.

g) For individuals:

- The first signature: is the signature of the individual who is the Account Owner (without registering the signature of the authorized representative).

- The second signature: No registration of the second signature.

h) On the Account Usage Registration Form and stamp/sample signature form (Form No. 24 issued together with Decree No. 347/2025/NĐ-CP), clearly record the full name and position of the person registering the signature (in the case of an individual registering and using the account, the position does not need to be recorded).

2. Regarding the stamp

a) The stamp registered for transactions with the State Treasury must be registered at the police authority and stamped clearly in two (02) instances.

b) For units under the Defense and Security sector: the stamp must be registered with the security authority within the sector (Defense and Security).

Article 8. Provisions on the management of account usage registration files and notification of account numbers to agencies, units, organizations, and individuals registering to use accounts at the State Treasury

1. Management of account usage registration files at the State Treasury where transactions take place

The State Treasury receives and processes the files according to the provisions of Decree No. 347/2025/NĐ-CP, implements the registration bookkeeping and monitors the situation of account usage registration (Code 02/MTK - Appendix attached), implements archiving and destruction according to regulations.

2. Notification of account numbers to agencies, units, organizations, and individuals registering to use accounts at the State Treasury

After completing the request for account usage registration for agencies, units, organizations, and individuals, the State Treasury fills in the account number information of the agency, unit, organization, and individual on the Account Usage Registration Form and stamp/sample signature form to notify the agency, unit, organization, and individual of the account number approved for use by the State Treasury in the following format:

a) For budget accounts: "Account code.Fiscal level code.Organizational code.Administrative area code".

Recording the administrative area code is carried out as follows: for local government budgets, record the detailed administrative area code of the locality; for central, provincial government budgets, record the administrative area code 00000.

Only notify the budget account, do not notify actual expenditure accounts, advance payment accounts, prepayment accounts, provisional allocation accounts.

b) For national revenue collection accounts of revenue collection agencies, value-added tax refund accounts of tax agencies according to the Value-Added Tax Law: "Account code.Collection agency code".

Revenue collection agencies notify the account number to the payer in the following format: "Account code".

c) For groups of deposit accounts, accounts with deposit characteristics: "Account code.Fiscal level code.Organizational code.Program target project code and detailed accounting", if there is no fiscal level code, record 0; if there is no program target project code and detailed accounting, record 00000. Specifically, for purpose-specific deposit accounts and deposit accounts of funds, if detailed fund expenses, receivables, and payables are not tracked, the program target project code and detailed accounting section uses other codes from the detailed financial fund code list and detailed receivable and payable source fund expense lists issued together with Circular No. 77/2017/TT-BTC, amended and supplemented by Circular No. 19/2020/TT-BTC and other implementing guidance documents.

Section 2

PROVISIONS ON THE USE OF ACCOUNTS, FREEZING AND SETTLEMENT OF ACCOUNTS, RECONCILIATION, AND CONFIRMATION OF ACCOUNT BALANCES

Article 9. Provisions on the use of accounts

1. For budget accounts

a) Budgetary units receiving state budget funding (including project sponsors, Project Management Boards) may use these accounts in accordance with the current regulations on state budget payments through the State Treasury.

b) Based on the budget accounts opened at the State Treasury and the budget funding received from the state budget, budget-using units and sponsors prepare vouchers (Budget Withdrawal Request, Investment Capital Withdrawal Request, etc.) to carry out payment transactions.

c) Ministries and sectors receiving funding from the central government budget, which have expenditures abroad, purchases, annual fees, and other foreign currency expenditures, if they need to make foreign currency expenditures from the centralized foreign currency reserve of the state, shall register and use accounts at the State Treasury's Transaction Department.

d) Do not use budget accounts to receive payments from other units, except for payments returned from budget accounts by banks or other State Treasuries, recovery of budget expenditures, recovery of public investment capital paid back to the state budget by budget-using units and sponsors before final settlement.

2. For deposit accounts

a) Agencies, units, organizations, and individuals may only use their own accounts for transactions within the scope of their operations and consistent with the content of the accounts registered with the State Treasury; they can only use them within the credit balance of the account and must comply with the regulations on non-cash payment systems, cash management, and state financial regulations.

b) Based on the deposit accounts opened at the State Treasury and the credit balance of the account, agencies, units, organizations, and individuals prepare vouchers (Direct Payment Orders, Payment Vouchers to the State Budget, etc.) to carry out payment transactions.

c) Based on the requirements of competent state authorities:

- The State Treasury has the right to automatically deduct from the deposit accounts of agencies, units, organizations to pay into the state budget.

- If the account balance of the agency, unit, organization is insufficient or exhausted, the State Treasury records the shortage in a separate ledger. When the deposit account of the agency, unit, organization has sufficient balance, the State Treasury continues to deduct and pay into the state budget according to the prescribed regulations.

d) Agencies, units, organizations, and individuals are not allowed to lease or lend their deposit accounts at the State Treasury.

đ) In cases where agencies, units, organizations use deposit accounts inconsistently with the content of the registered accounts or violate payment procedures: the State Treasury has the right to refuse payment and return the payment voucher for the agency, unit, organization to reissue.

e) In cases where agencies, units, organizations violate financial regulations, the State Treasury retains the payment vouchers to notify the competent state authority to review and handle.

3. For accounts with deposit characteristics

a) Follow the provisions of Clause 2 of this Article.

b) Specifically, when transferring money from the Payable to Deposit, Temporary Held Property Awaiting Disposal accounts of related units, it must be accompanied by a processing document from the competent state authority. Based on the processing document and the direct payment order of the unit, the State Treasury will process the payment according to regulations.

4. For national revenue collection accounts of revenue collection agencies, value-added tax refund accounts of tax agencies according to the Value-Added Tax Law

Revenue collection agencies use national revenue collection accounts and VAT refund accounts to track national revenue collections, adjustments, refunds, and settlements of national revenue collections.

Article 10. Provisions on freezing and closing accounts

1. Freezing accounts

a) The accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals at KBNN shall be frozen if they fall under any of the following circumstances:

- When there is a written request from competent state agencies.

- The account holder violates the provisions on using the account as stipulated in points a and d Clause 1 and point d and point e Clause 2 Article 9 of this Circular.

- For programs and projects using ODA loans, preferential loans, and non-refundable foreign aid, the freezing of accounts shall be carried out according to the regulations of the financier as per the signed agreement.

b) The termination of account freezing shall be implemented based on the decision of competent state agencies. For programs and projects using ODA loans, preferential loans, and non-refundable foreign aid, the termination of freezing shall be carried out according to the regulations of the financier as per the signed agreement.

2. Closing accounts

a) The accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals at KBNN shall be closed if they fall under any of the following circumstances:

- Agencies, units, organizations are merged or dissolved.

- Agencies, units, organizations, and individuals request to change the registration and usage place of the account.

- Projects that have been approved for final settlement completion, have completed the procedures for settling receivables and payables as per the approval decision, and have recovered all advance payments as prescribed. The project investor shall bear full responsibility for requesting the closure of the account for public investment projects.

- Agencies, units, organizations, and individuals request to close the account.

- Accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals that have not been continuously active for a period of 24 months (excluding investment capital payment accounts).

b) In cases where the accounts of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals have not been continuously active for a period of 24 months (excluding investment capital payment accounts), KBNN shall notify the account holder (or the superior agency in case the agency, unit, or organization has been dissolved) in writing about the balance of the account to be closed; if the account still has a balance with a source from the State budget, after 30 days from the date of sending the notification, if the account holder does not provide written comments, the balance will be processed by KBNN to be deposited into the State budget.

c) In cases where the account requested to be closed still has a balance, the account holder needs to submit relevant vouchers or files for KBNN to handle the balance.

d) KBNN may only close the account when the balance of the account is zero.

Article 11. Provisions on reconciliation and confirmation of account balances

1. Reconciliation of deposit accounts and accounts with deposit characteristics

a) The reconciliation of deposit account data of transaction units shall be conducted regularly (monthly, annually, except for December which does not require reconciliation) no later than the 10th day of the following month (for monthly account balance reconciliation) or the 10th of February of the following year (for annual account balance reconciliation) or on an ad hoc basis as required by competent authorities.

b) In cases where units reconcile with KBNN the balance of deposit accounts transferred to the next year, after confirming the correct reconciliation, KBNN shall confirm and transfer the funds to the unit as prescribed.

2. Reconciliation of fourth-level budget estimates, advances, and advance payments

a) The reconciliation of fourth-level budget estimate data, actual expenditures, advances, and advance payments: shall be conducted regularly (quarterly, annually, except for the fourth quarter which does not require reconciliation) no later than the first 10 days of the following quarter (for quarterly account balance reconciliation) or the 10th of February of the following year or on an ad hoc basis as required by competent authorities.

b) In cases where units reconcile with KBNN the funds transferred to the next year, after confirming the correct reconciliation, KBNN shall confirm and transfer the funds to the unit as prescribed.

3. In cases where discrepancies, inaccuracies, or errors in the data of the unit are discovered, KBNN shall notify the unit to unify adjustments. If KBNN records incorrectly with the actual transactions occurring at the unit, the unit shall notify and reconcile again with KBNN to ensure that the data between KBNN and the unit always match correctly.

Section 3

PROVISIONS ON DEPOSIT INTEREST AND SERVICE FEES

Article 12. Provisions on Interest on Deposits

1. Subjects not entitled to interest on deposits, subjects entitled to interest on deposits

a) Subjects not entitled to interest:

- National Treasury funds at all levels;

- State budget expenditure funds (including funds on budget deposit accounts for planning, investment, and fee collection) allocated to budgetary units, project sponsors, and project management boards;

- Temporary receipts and temporary payments transferred to state agencies with authority.

b) Subjects entitled to interest:

- Financial reserve funds of the central and provincial budgets;

- Expenditure funds for service charges, joint ventures, and joint operations of public institutions;

- National financial funds outside the budget;

- Other deposit funds of agencies, units, organizations, and individuals' personal deposit accounts opened at the Treasury in accordance with the law.

2. Methods of Paying Interest

a) Interest on deposits for entitled subjects is calculated once on the last day of each month by the Treasury and paid to entitled subjects no later than the 10th day of the following month, excluding holidays and public holidays (except in cases of account closure).

b) In cases where entitled subjects and the Treasury branch have agreed on quarterly or annual payment methods for interest on deposits, the Treasury will transfer the interest to entitled subjects quarterly or annually, with unpaid interest being added to the principal for the next month's interest calculation; if entitled subjects and the Treasury branch have agreed on an interest receiving account opened at the Treasury or another commercial bank different from the deposit account, the Treasury will transfer the interest to the agreed account.

3. Interest Rates and Calculation Methods

a) Deposit Interest Rate

Deposit accounts of subjects opened at Treasury units as specified in point b clause 1 of this Article shall earn interest at the rate paid by the State Bank of Vietnam to the Treasury at the time of interest calculation.

b) Calculation Method

- The balance for interest calculation is the opening balance of all days in the month (actual number of days) on the subject's deposit account.

- The number of days for interest calculation in the month is the actual number of days maintaining the opening balance each day in the month (the actual number of days may be 28, 29, 30, or 31 days).

- The interest rate is calculated based on the annual percentage rate (%) paid by the State Bank of Vietnam to the Treasury at the time of interest calculation.

- The amount of interest payable to entitled subjects is calculated using the product method, with the formula as follows:

Article 13. Provisions on Service Fees for Payment Transactions

1. Subjects Subject to Payment Service Fees, Not Subject to Payment Service Fees

a) Subjects Not Subject to Payment Service Fees:

Subjects specified in point a clause 1 of this Article and the following items of the Foreign Debt Repayment Reserve Fund: payments for foreign debt repayment by the Government of Vietnam to foreign creditors, capital advances for foreign debt repayment for government-guaranteed loans, and refunds to the state budget according to the Public Debt Management Law No. 20/2017/QH14.

b) Subjects Subject to Payment Service Fees:

Subjects specified in point b clause 1 of this Article, except for the following items of the Foreign Debt Repayment Reserve Fund: payments for foreign debt repayment by the Government of Vietnam to foreign creditors, capital advances for foreign debt repayment for government-guaranteed loans, and refunds to the state budget according to Law No. 20/2017/QH14.

2. Principles for Collecting Payment Service Fees

- The Treasury does not collect payment service fees for transactions between accounts within the Treasury system; does not collect payment service fees for cash withdrawals at the Treasury according to regulations or cash deposits at the Treasury branch where the subject has no account to make payments to other subjects with accounts at the Treasury; for cash withdrawals at commercial banks where the Treasury has an account, the collection of payment service fees is carried out according to the service fee schedule of the commercial bank where the Treasury has an account.

- The Treasury shall not deduct the payment amount of subjects registered and using accounts at the Treasury to collect payment service fees.

- The Treasury shall not refund the payment service fee already collected in cases where subjects subject to payment service fees request cancellation of payment services or payment services cannot be completed due to errors or incidents not caused by the Treasury.

3. Amount of Payment Service Fees

- The amount of payment service fees for transactions of subjects specified in point b clause 1 above through Treasury accounts at the State Bank or through the inter-bank electronic payment system is implemented in accordance with the correct service fee level prescribed in Section III - Domestic Payment Service Fees in the Service Fee Schedule issued together with Circular No. 26/2013/TT-NHNN dated December 5, 2013, by the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam and Clause 2 Article 1 of Circular No. 33/2018/TT-NHNN dated December 21, 2018, by the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam amending and supplementing some articles of Circular No. 26/2013/TT-NHNN dated December 5, 2013, by the State Bank of Vietnam issuing the Service Fee Schedule for payment through the State Bank of Vietnam suitable for each form of payment.

- The amount of payment service fees for transactions of subjects specified in point b clause 1 above through Treasury accounts at commercial banks is implemented in accordance with the provisions at point b Clause 2 Article 1 of Circular No. 33/2018/TT-NHNN dated December 21, 2018, by the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam amending and supplementing some articles of Circular No. 26/2013/TT-NHNN dated December 5, 2013, by the State Bank of Vietnam issuing the Service Fee Schedule for payment through the State Bank of Vietnam.

- Treasury units notify subjects involved in transactions in writing about changes in the amount of payment service fees when there are changes due to changes in the service fees charged by the State Bank to the Treasury.

4. Methods of Collecting Payment Service Fees

Treasury units implement the collection of payment service fees in one of the two methods below:

a) Collection in one lump sum: The Treasury calculates and collects payment service fees from subjects subject to payment service fees immediately upon providing the service (applicable to subjects who do not frequently transact with the Treasury).

b) Monthly periodic collection: Monthly periodic collection is carried out according to the agreement between subjects subject to payment service fees and the Treasury branch. At the end of the month, based on the agreement, the Treasury prepares a statement of service fee calculation and collects fees according to one of the two methods below:

- In cases where subjects subject to payment service fees request automatic deduction from their deposit account: The Treasury prepares the documentation and deducts from the subject's deposit account to collect the payment service fee; simultaneously sending a debit notice to the subject.

- In cases where subjects subject to payment service fees request active submission of the fee: The Treasury sends a statement of service fee calculation to the subject to actively submit the payment service fee to the Treasury no later than the 10th day of the following month, excluding holidays and public holidays (the Treasury does not deduct from the subject's deposit account subject to payment service fees).

5. Accounting Treatment

Revenue from payment service fees and interest on deposit accounts payable to subjects with accounts at the Treasury, collected by the Treasury, is accounted for in accordance with the guidance provided in Circular No. 77/2017/TT-BTC amended and supplemented by Circular No. 19/2020/TT-BTC and other guiding documents.

Chapter III

IMPLEMENTATION

Article 14. Transitional Provisions

For accounts that have been registered for use before the date this Circular takes effect, the KBNN where the transaction occurs shall update account information in accordance with this Circular and notify in writing the agency, unit, or organization concerned.

Article 15. Effective Date

1. This Circular takes effect from January 1, 2026, replacing Circular No. 18/2020/TT-BTC dated March 31, 2020 of the Minister of Finance on guiding the registration and use of accounts at State Treasury; and abolishing Point 2 of Circular No. 41/2025/TT-BTC dated June 16, 2025 of the Minister of Finance amending and supplementing certain provisions of Circular No. 123/2014/TT-BTC dated August 27, 2014 of the Minister of Finance guiding the operation and exploitation of the budget management and treasury information system (TABMIS); Circular No. 18/2020/TT-BTC dated March 31, 2020 of the Minister of Finance on guiding the registration and use of accounts at KBNN; Circular No. 324/2016/TT-BTC dated December 21, 2016 of the Minister of Finance stipulating the budget classification system which has been amended and supplemented by Circular No. 93/2019/TT-BTC dated December 31, 2019, Circular No. 51/2022/TT-BTC dated August 11, 2022, and Circular No. 84/2024/TT-BTC dated November 26, 2024 of the Minister of Finance.

2. In cases where the documents cited in this Circular are supplemented, amended, or replaced, they shall be implemented according to the provisions of those supplementary, amended, or replacement documents.

3. The Director of KBNN, agencies, units, organizations participating in TABMIS, and other units, organizations conducting transactions with KBNN within their functions and authorities shall be responsible for organizing the implementation, guidance, and inspection of the enforcement of this Circular.