Decision No. 20/2007/QĐ-BNN on approving the National Post-Harvest Strategy for Rice, Corn, Soybeans, and Peanuts until 2020.

 Pursuant to …;

Regarding the approval of the National Post-Harvest Strategy for Rice, Corn, Soybeans, and Peanuts until 2020

Pursuant to Decree No. 86/2003/NĐ-CP dated July 18, 2003 of the Government on the functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development;

THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Pursuant to Directive No. 24/2003/CT-TTg dated October 8, 2003 of the Prime Minister on developing the processing industry for agriculture, forestry, and fisheries products;

Pursuant to Circular No. 936/VPCP-NN dated February 15, 2007 of the Office of the Government regarding the Prime Minister's authorization for the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development to approve the National Post-Harvest Strategy for Rice, Corn, Soybeans, and Peanuts until 2020;

At the proposal of the Director of the Science and Technology Department and the Director of the Planning Department.

Approving the National Post-Harvest Strategy for Rice, Corn, Soybeans, and Peanuts until 2020 with the main contents as follows:

DECISION:

Article 1. I. VIEWS AND DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES

a) The development of the post-harvest sector for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts must be aligned with market demands, promoting commodity production, enhancing competitiveness; ensuring proactivity and effectiveness under conditions of international economic integration.

Clause 1. Views

b) The development of the post-harvest sector for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts must be consistent with the planning for structural transformation in agricultural production and labor in rural areas; suitable for resources and advantages of each region and locality at different periods; forming connections between agriculture, industry, and services within each area.

c) The development of the post-harvest sector for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts requires a strong push for investment in research and rapid transfer of new technology into production, while effectively utilizing existing material infrastructure and equipment, combining traditional and modern technologies, implementing diversification alongside increasing product value-added.

d) The development of the post-harvest sector for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts must create a breakthrough in labor productivity, reduce costs; minimize losses both in quantity and quality of products.

đ) The development of the post-harvest sector for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts should rely primarily on internal strength, while also maximizing external resources. Encouraging private economic sectors and small and medium enterprises to invest in development, becoming the core force in this field, creating new jobs in rural areas.

e) The development of the post-harvest sector for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts should be linked with poverty reduction models, ensuring household food security and food hygiene and safety; ensuring sustainable development, social equity, and environmental protection.

Enhancing the efficiency of production and business in rice, corn, soybeans, and peanut industries through reducing post-harvest losses, improving product quality and competitiveness; promoting the restructuring of agriculture and rural economy; solving employment issues, increasing farmers' and participants' income in the post-harvest sector. Contributing to ensuring household food security, improving nutrition status, and food hygiene and safety.

Clause 2. Objectives

a) General objectives

Period 2006-2010

b) Specific Objectives

(1) Reducing rice loss to 9-10%; increasing the recovery rate of finished rice to 65-66%; increasing the export proportion of 5-10% broken rice to over 50% of total rice exports;

(2) Reducing corn loss to 12-13%;

(3) Reducing soybean loss to 5.5%;

(4) Reducing peanut loss to 4.5-5.0%;

(5) Creating jobs for about 240,000-250,000 workers/year;

(6) Contributing to improving household food security; reducing the percentage of poor households in rural areas to below 4% by 2010.

Period 2011-2020

(1) Reducing rice loss to 5-6%; increasing the recovery rate of finished rice to 69%; the proportion of 5-10% broken rice accounting for over 70% of total rice exports. From 2015, the proportion of yellow grains not exceeding 0.2%; the proportion of damaged grains not exceeding 0.25%;

(2) Reducing corn loss to 8-9%;

(3) Reducing soybean loss to 3.0%;

(4) Reducing peanut loss to 2.0-2.5%;

(5) Creating jobs for about 200,000 workers/year;

(6) Contributing to improving income and raising living standards in rural areas; eradicating poor households in terms of food and nutrition.

II. CONTENTS OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE POST-HARVEST SECTOR FOR RICE, CORN, SOYBEANS, AND PEANUTS UNTIL 2020

1. Strengthening research, design, manufacturing of machinery and equipment and post-harvest technology chains for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts with high quality, high efficiency, and low cost

Researching and improving row-cutting machines towards developing superior features such as reasonable speed, suitability for both paddy fields and dry fields; compact size, easy mobility, low fuel consumption, multi-functionality; machine price suitable for farmers' and service providers' investment capacity.

Promoting the program to manufacture combine harvesters serving the harvesting of rice in the Mekong Delta and concentrated production areas. Implementing pilot production projects based on research, surveys, and evaluations of various types of rice harvesters; developing and adding new superior features; overcoming limitations and defects of current machines.

Researching and perfecting corn harvesters, moving towards full mechanization of the corn production industry. Researching and manufacturing farm-scale soybean and peanut harvesters suitable for local terrain conditions.

Improving and enhancing the efficiency of drying equipment towards multi-functionality, capable of drying rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts; compact structure, easy mobility and use, low cost, suitable for farm-scale production.

Designing and putting into use some advanced standard silos for corn, soybeans, and peanuts to meet the requirements of businesses, aiming to produce export-standard raw materials.

Researching and applying biological and physical preservation techniques for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts, replacing chemical preservation techniques.

Study and apply biological and physical preservation techniques for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts, replacing chemical preservation methods.

Study and produce high-tech, affordable, convenient, safe, and hygienic equipment and tools for household-scale storage of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts to supply farmers.

Study the application of automated systems in processing and storage chains for seeds, rice, corn, soybeans, peanuts, and compound animal feed.

2. Implement mechanization and gradually automate post-harvest activities for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts.

a) Rice and grain industry

(1) Harvesting and threshing

During the period from 2006 to 2010, increase the level of mechanization in the harvesting stage to 35% of the national rice planting area. Encourage cooperatives and households to invest in purchasing combine harvesters (including both domestically manufactured and imported models), and machines with a capacity of 0.2 hectares per hour per machine and 0.4 hectares per hour per machine for arranging rows and spreading crops.

During the period from 2011 to 2020, invest to raise the level of mechanization in the harvesting stage to 75% of the total national rice planting area by 2020. Encourage the development of advanced combine harvesters and row arrangement machines with a capacity of 0.4 hectares per hour per machine or higher.

(2) Drying and cleaning

During the period from 2006 to 2010, encourage economic sectors to invest in developing drying machines with capacities ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 tons per batch (for individual and joint households); 3.0 to 5.0 tons per batch (for service providers); and 6.0 to 10.0 tons per batch (for processing and trading enterprises). Ensure the country's combined drying and cleaning capacity exceeds 10 million tons by 2010. Invest in building new drying yards to actively dry rice in specialized cultivation areas with large commercial outputs.² Establish drying yards to proactively dry rice in specialized cultivation areas with high commercial output rates.

During the period from 2011 to 2020, continue to encourage investment to increase the total volume of rice dried and cleaned by machines nationwide to over 20 million tons by 2020; ensure that 100% of the volume of commercial rice processed for export is dried by advanced technology machines; some stages will be automated.

(3) Storage

During the period from 2006 to 2010, advise and guide farmers to use storage containers and equipment at household level that meet safety, hygiene, pest, insect, and rodent prevention standards. Create conditions for organizations and individuals to invest in storage systems combining drying and cleaning services for farmers to store rice during rainy seasons in the Mekong Delta region, ensuring sufficient capacity to support exports exceeding 5 million tons of rice annually.

During the period from 2011 to 2020, create conditions for businesses, cooperatives, and production groups to invest in building new warehouses with a capacity of 100 thousand tons according to modern warehouse standards to supplement storage capacity and ensure proactive operations in key export locations, including Can Tho Port and Ho Chi Minh City Port.

Increase the level of mechanization in storage activities for rice and grain companies exporting rice to 40% by 2010; increase to 60% by 2015, with 10% being automated, and reach 80% by 2020, with 20% being automated.

Invest in upgrading and modernizing storage system equipment to achieve over 50% mechanization in storage activities by 2010; reach 65% by 2015 and over 80% by 2020, with 30% of activities being automated.

(4) Milling and Processing

- Domestic consumption rice: During the period from 2006 to 2010, plan milling and processing facilities, forming centralized rice processing zones suitable for rural construction plans in each residential area. During the period from 2011 to 2020, encourage the replacement and modernization of old processing lines with new, advanced equipment meeting international standards.

- High-quality and export rice:

Mekong Delta Region: During the period from 2006 to 2010, plan to form 30 export rice processing centers suitable for the 1 million hectare high-quality rice planting plan linked with wholesale rice markets. During the period from 2011 to 2020, invest in each center a comprehensive rice milling and processing complex with a capacity of 20 to 40 tons per hour using modern equipment, organized in a continuous closed-loop technology from cleaning, initial processing, drying systems, storage, mechanical loading and unloading, milling, processing, packaging, and storage, ensuring high-quality rice products.

Red River Delta Region: Private sector handles domestic consumption milling. Plan three rice milling and processing centers suitable for the 300 thousand hectare high-quality and specialty rice planting plan. Invest in building two wholesale rice and agricultural product markets in areas with high commercial outputs. By 2010, the automation rate in most rice production and processing facilities reaches 5 to 10%. By 2020, this rate reaches 20% in facilities serving domestic consumption and over 30% in facilities serving exports.

(5) Transportation

By 2010, over 80% of post-harvest transportation activities for rice and grain are mechanized, increasing to 90% by 2015 and reaching 100% by 2020, with an automation rate of about 20%.

b) Corn Industry

(1) Harvesting, Drying, and Storage

- During the period from 2006 to 2010, advise farmers, farm owners, cooperatives, and service providers to invest in drying equipment with capacities of 0.8 to 1.2 tons per batch or 4.0 to 10 tons per batch. Develop and popularize small, leak-proof, rodent-resistant, well-ventilated storage structures made from local materials at low cost.

In major commercial corn-producing regions: Develop household and joint-household primary processing facilities. Encourage and support farmers and farm owners to use combined corn harvesters, increasing the mechanization rate in the harvesting stage to 40% of the total commercial corn area; the mechanization rate in the shelling stage reaches 80% of the yield. At the same time, encourage businesses to invest in building modern storage systems so that by 2010, approximately 70% of commercial corn is stored in modern warehouses.

- During the period from 2011 to 2020, create favorable conditions and support farmers, farm owners, cooperatives, and service providers to access advanced, affordable, and efficient technologies. By 2020, approximately 70% of the commercial corn area will be mechanized in the harvesting stage, and over 90% of commercial corn will be stored in modern storage systems.

(2) Grinding and Processing Animal Feed

- Period 2006-2010: Encourage investment to build new capacity to increase by 1.5 million tons, ensuring production capacity of 6.0 to 6.5 million tons of industrial animal feed.

- Period 2011-2020: Double the processing capacity for animal feed compared to the level achieved in 2010 to reach a production capacity of 11 to 12 million tons of industrial animal feed by 2020.

c) Soybean and peanut industry

- Period 2006-2010: Encourage investment in designing, producing, and transferring to households suitable containers/bins for storing soybeans and peanuts in bulk or in bags to prevent pests and reduce losses. The State has policies to support farmers, farm owners, and service providers to invest in soybean and peanut processing lines.

In key commodity production areas: Create conditions and support agencies and post-harvest services to invest in building facilities for preliminary processing, storage, and consumption of soybeans and peanuts. Over 70% of the soybean and peanut commodity output is stored in modern warehouses.

- Period 2011-2020: Encourage investment to increase the number of household and inter-household scale service facilities for preliminary processing to meet the requirements of processing products on an area of 200 thousand hectares of soybeans and 200 thousand hectares of peanuts. By 2020, over 80% of the soybean and peanut commodity area will be mechanized in the harvesting stage and advanced technology applied in the preliminary processing, cleaning, and sorting stages; over 90% of the commodity output will be stored in modern warehouses.

3. Infrastructure development, services, and commercial activities

a) Amend, supplement, and promulgate quality standards for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts in accordance with the regulations of the World Food Standards Committee and the conditions in Vietnam.

b) Organize a network to manage food safety quality for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts. Popularize and guide the application of some rapid quality analysis and testing equipment such as automatic moisture meters, various types of automatic kits for analyzing pesticide residues, microorganisms, mycotoxins, aflatoxins... in storage warehouses.

c) Organize professional associations from raw material producers to processors and consumers, creating a connection between farmers, processing facilities, traders, and consumers.

d) Build wholesale agricultural product markets in key production provinces (seven markets in the Mekong Delta region and two markets in the Red River Delta region) with the goal of selling all rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts produced by farmers.

đ) Upgrade and modernize specialized warehouse and port systems for importing and exporting agricultural products and agricultural supplies.

III. SOME KEY SOLUTIONS

1. Planning for post-harvest development

Plan the development of post-harvest activities for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts nationwide in line with the planning for the restructuring of agricultural, forestry, and fisheries production structures until 2010 and vision until 2020; create a close relationship between raw material regions and post-harvest facilities; promote investment activities to increase the proportion of industry and services in the rural economic structure.

2. Strengthen scientific research, technology, and the transfer of advanced techniques in post-harvest activities

- Reform the management of post-harvest scientific and technological research, primarily in the selection of research topics and experimental production projects; implement a bidding mechanism for research topics.

- Apply research on a custom basis; closely and effectively link scientific staff with production facilities. Support and facilitate private economic entities to invest or participate in research and technology transfer activities in the post-harvest sector.

 - Encourage research institutions and training centers to engage in joint ventures and collaborations with post-harvest operation facilities to introduce advanced technologies into production; develop technology consulting organizations; assist businesses in finding technology supply markets.

- Enhance agricultural and industrial promotion activities in post-harvest sectors, focusing on quickly transferring scientific and technological advancements into rice, corn, soybean, and peanut production and business operations.

- Develop scientific and technological consulting services in post-harvest sectors, helping organizations and individuals choose investment options for updating machinery and equipment.

3. Improve organizational and management systems in post-harvest sectors

- Consolidate the organizational structure and staffing of the Department of Agricultural and Forestry Product Processing and Salt Industry; ensure sufficient professional and operational capabilities to meet the requirements for improving the quality of post-harvest management activities for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts throughout the industry.

- Conduct surveys and evaluations of the current status of post-harvest management activities for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts; develop plans to enhance the capacity of the entire system, particularly in the organization and staffing stage; ensure the quality of system operations in line with industry management requirements.

- Enterprises, relevant units, and provincial Departments of Agriculture and Rural Development should review their post-harvest management systems; develop plans to adjust organizational structures and staffing to ensure adequate personnel for post-harvest management tasks. Depending on work needs, dedicated or part-time staff can be assigned. Units that already have post-harvest management departments or dedicated staff should assess their capabilities and plan to supplement or improve their professional skills.

- Establish a network for collecting statistical information on post-harvest activities for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Department of Agricultural and Forestry Product Processing and Salt Industry) to localities and facilities.

4. Complete and promulgate technical standards and specifications for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts

- Amend, supplement, and promulgate national quality standards (TCVN) for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts.

- Develop and apply advanced quality management systems during the storage and processing of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts (based on HACCP, ISO, GMP) to ensure product quality and enhance competitiveness.

5. Vigorously develop the mechanical manufacturing industry to meet the requirements for industrialization in the post-harvest sector according to market orientation.

- Create favorable conditions and support the domestic mechanical industry in producing and supplying high-quality products to meet the needs of upgrading, modernizing, mechanizing, and gradually automating the post-harvest processes of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts.

- Encourage and support enterprises/facilities producing post-harvest machinery and equipment to organize technical demonstrations and product promotion.

6. Training and developing human resources

- Plan and send scientific and management staff to study in developed countries to enhance research and management capabilities in the post-harvest sector, particularly for those with postgraduate qualifications.

- Through agricultural and industrial extension programs, train vocational skills for technical staff, workers, and farmers involved in post-harvest activities.

- Increase investment in equipment and upgrade laboratories at institutions training technical staff, managers, and workers in the post-harvest sector.

7. Regarding policies

- Create favorable conditions for all economic sectors to access loans for developing the mechanical industry serving the process of mechanization and gradual automation in the post-harvest sector of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts; provide interest-free loans for experimental production projects (combined harvesters, color sorting equipment, etc.).

- Support part of the costs for transferring and applying new technologies to manufacture agricultural machinery and processing and preserving agricultural and forestry products from budget funds.

- Encourage domestic and foreign private investment in the post-harvest sector of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts in rural areas, primarily small and medium-sized enterprises.

- Provincial People's Committees may formulate supportive policies to encourage farmers and post-harvest service facilities to invest in purchasing, updating, and modernizing technology based on local conditions.

- Projects to upgrade, modernize equipment, production lines, or construct new facilities using advanced technology will be prioritized for land leasing and enjoy preferential policies regarding land leasing, transfer, and mortgage according to the laws on land.

- The State should prioritize higher investment in infrastructure development in rural areas, especially irrigation systems serving the development of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts industries. Localities need to have appropriate policies to mobilize internal resources for building rural markets. Simultaneously, support the development of market information systems and trade promotion.

Article 2. Implementation

1. Establish a Steering Committee for the National Post-Harvest Strategy for Rice, Corn, Soybeans, and Peanuts. The Central Steering Committee shall be headed by a Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development. Members of the Committee include leaders of relevant departments and agencies under the Ministries of Planning and Investment, Finance, Industry, Science and Technology, and Trade. The Committee is responsible for reviewing and evaluating the implementation of programs and plans to develop the post-harvest sector according to the approved strategy; identifying emerging issues and proposing timely solutions during the implementation of the strategy.

2. Tasks of Ministries and Sectors

a) The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development shall lead and direct the implementation of this strategy, responsible for monitoring and adjusting the strategy when there are changes affecting agricultural and rural development; evaluate the results of implementing the strategy;

Publicize, promote, educate about laws related to the post-harvest sector; guide, inspect, and implement regulatory documents, plans, programs, projects, standards, procedures, and economic and technical norms that have been approved;

Coordinate with relevant ministries and sectors and localities to continue researching and improving policies for development and state management roles in the post-harvest sector of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts.

b) The Ministry of Industry shall direct the mechanical industry to research and implement programs and projects serving the industrialization and modernization of the post-harvest sector of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts. Coordinate with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in guiding the implementation of policies encouraging the development of post-harvest technology.

c) The Ministry of Planning and Investment shall build investment policies and balance investment capital for the development of the post-harvest sector of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts in annual and five-year plans.

d) The Ministry of Finance shall give priority to allocating funds for implementing programs and projects to develop the post-harvest sector as determined in the strategy.

đ) The Ministry of Science and Technology shall coordinate with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development to build science and technology policies to serve the development of the post-harvest sector.

e) Ministries and sectors: Planning and Investment, Finance, Natural Resources and Environment, Transport, Trade, State Bank of Vietnam, and Vietnam Development Bank shall cooperate in implementing policies to encourage and support the implementation of key programs and projects to develop the post-harvest sector in line with the process of international economic integration according to their assigned functions and tasks.

g) Mass media agencies shall plan to cooperate with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development to widely publicize and disseminate post-harvest experiences and knowledge for rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts nationwide.

h) Provincial People's Committees shall direct competent agencies to develop planning for the construction of post-harvest facilities linked to raw material regions; create favorable conditions for land allocation and construction sites for projects. Utilize agricultural and industrial promotion funds and local policies to encourage and support the development of the post-harvest sector of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts.

i) Industry associations, the Vietnam Farmers' Association shall participate in proposing mechanisms and policies for developing post-harvest activities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts in rural areas. Coordinate the activities of members in researching and developing post-harvest technology; allocate cooperation in production and business according to the contents of the Strategy.

3. Tasks of agencies and units under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

a) The Processing of Forestry Products and Salt Industry Department

Is the permanent agency of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development for implementing the Strategy, planning, and plans for developing post-harvest activities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts; the focal point for collecting, processing, and summarizing the situation, preparing reports on the assessment of post-harvest activities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts throughout the industry;

Study and propose policies to encourage and support economic sectors to invest in upgrading and modernizing post-harvest equipment and technology in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts in rural areas;

Organize guidance, inspection of the construction and implementation of plans, programs, and projects; promote, disseminate, and educate laws related to post-harvest activities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts; evaluate the results of implementing the Strategy;

Determine the list of priority projects to be included in the annual and five-year plans of the industry. Take the lead and coordinate with relevant agencies and localities to build some model post-harvest activities for dissemination and widespread application;

b) The Planning Department

Take the lead and coordinate with the Processing of Forestry Products and Salt Industry Department to direct the work of building development plans for post-harvest facilities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts;

Guide localities and units to incorporate post-harvest activities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts into their annual and five-year plans of the industry;

Support and create conditions for facilities/businesses to promote trade promotion activities, participate in trade fairs, product promotion, and market development;

c) The Science and Technology Department

Take the lead and coordinate with relevant agencies to research, amend, and supplement national standards; issue quality standards and technical regulations to manage the quality of products in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts;

Research, select priority topics and projects; participate in directing, inspecting, and supervising scientific and technological transfer activities in the field of post-harvest activities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts;

Propose mechanisms and policies to support technological transfer and technological innovation; organize guidance and support for brand and trademark establishment suitable for regional and international economic integration;

d) The National Agricultural Extension Center

Coordinate with departments, bureaus, and localities to organize the transfer of new technologies and replicate model projects;

Allocate annual and five-year agricultural extension budgets for post-harvest technology transfer projects in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts;

đ) The Crop Production Department

Direct and guide localities to review, supplement, and adjust planning and policies for raw material development zones; support and create conditions to promote high-yield, high-quality seed projects in rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts that meet the quality standards of raw materials for post-harvest processes;

e) The International Cooperation Department

Guide localities to compile lists of priority projects for foreign investment; organize programs to attract foreign organizations and individuals to invest in post-harvest activities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts;

g) Research Institutes

Develop research plans, design, and manufacture products to serve industrialization and modernization in the field of post-harvest activities in the fields of rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts;

h) Training Schools and Vocational Schools

Determine the goals and content of education and training programs for human resources serving industrialization and modernization in the field of post-harvest activities; improve the quality of engineers and management staff at undergraduate and postgraduate levels;

Update and complete teaching materials; develop training programs for managers and machine operators to meet the high-quality human resource requirements in the field of post-harvest activities;

4. Departments of Agriculture and Rural Development of provinces and centrally governed cities

Advise provincial People's Committees on directing and organizing the implementation of the National Post-Harvest Strategy;

Establish a post-harvest management system in the province; organize focal points for managing activities, collecting information, summarizing, and evaluating the implementation of the post-harvest strategy in rice, corn, soybeans, and peanuts at the local level; implement reporting systems to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (through the Processing of Forestry Products and Salt Industry Department);

Article 3. The Standard Measurement Quality Control Department shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the implementation of the Regulations adopted herein.

Article 4. Ministries, ministerial-level agencies, government agencies, provincial People's Committees of centrally governed cities, and related organizations and individuals are responsible for enforcing this Decision.