Decree No. 316/2025/NĐ-CP detailing certain provisions and measures for the implementation of the Atomic Energy Law regarding nuclear power plants and research reactors.

DECREE

Providing detailed provisions on certain articles and measures for implementation of the Atomic Energy Law regarding nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors

 

Pursuant to the Government Organization Law No. 63/2025/QH15;  

Pursuant to the Atomic Energy Law number 94/2025/QH15;

Pursuant to the Construction Law number 50/2014/QH13 amended and supplemented by pursuant to the Law number 62/2024/QH15;

Pursuant to the Investment Law number 61/2020/QH14 amended and supplemented by Articles of Law No. 72/2020/QH14, Law No. 03/2022/QH15, and Law No. 05/2022/QH15Laws number 72/2020/QH14, number 03/2022/QH15, number 05/2022/QH15

, number 08/2022/QH15, number 09/2022/QH15, number 20/2023/QH15, number 26/2023/QH15, number 27/2023/QH15, number 28/2023/QH15, number 31/2024/QH15, number 33/2024/QH15, number 43/2024/QH15, number 57/2024/QH15 and number 90/2025/QH15; Pursuant to the Public Investment Law number 58/2024/QH15

amended and supplemented by Law number 90/2025/QH15; Pursuant to the Bidding Law number 22/2023/QH15

"c) Point a Clause 8 Article 51 provides that the electricity generation price framework shall be applied to power plants specified in Clause 2 Article 51, including: small renewable energy power plants that have reached the end of the period for applying the avoided cost tariff; power plants that have commenced commercial operation and have reached the end of the period for applying the electricity purchase and sale contract price; power plants that have reached the end of the BOT contract period and have been transferred to the Government." amended and supplemented by pursuant to Law number 94/2025/QH15;

Pursuant to the Environmental Protection Law number 72/2020/QH14 amended and supplemented by Laws number 11/2022/QH15, number 16/2023/QH15, number 18/2023/QH15, number 47/2024/QH15 and number 54/2024/QH15;

Pursuant to the Fire Prevention, Fighting and Rescue Law number 55/2024/QH15;

Pursuant to the Standards and Technical Regulations Law number 68/2006/QH11 amended and supplemented by Laws number 25/2018/QH14 and number 70/2025/QH15; pursuant to 

Pursuant to the proposal of the Minister of Science and Technology;

The Government promulgates this Decree providing detailed provisions on certain articles of the Atomic Energy Law regarding nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors. and implementation measures 

PART I
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of Regulation

1. This Decree provides detailed provisions on certain articles and measures for implementation of the Atomic Energy Law number 94/2025/QH15 dated June 27, 2025 (hereinafter referred to as the Atomic Energy Law 2025), including:

a) Clause 4, Article 33 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning safety and security requirements for nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors;

b) Article 42 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning investment policy for projects to construct nuclear power plants;

c) Article 43 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning the location for constructing nuclear power plants;

d) Article 44 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning design for constructing nuclear power plants;

đ) Article 45 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning investment decision for projects to construct nuclear power plants;

e) Article 46 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning construction of nuclear power plants;

g) Article 47 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning trial operation of nuclear power plant units;

h) Article 48 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning operation of nuclear power plants;

i) Article 49 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning termination of operations at nuclear power plants;

k) Clause 3, Article 50 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning the competent authority responsible for organizing the review of contents related to nuclear power plants and the content, responsibilities, and methods of coordination in the review process of ministries, ministerial-level agencies, and other relevant agencies;

l) Article 51 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning supervision of safety and security at nuclear power plants;

m) Articles 52, 53, and 54 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025 concerning general requirements; investment policy, location, design, project decision, and construction of research nuclear reactors; trial operation, operation, and termination of operations at research nuclear reactors.

2. This Decree guides measures for implementing the Atomic Energy Law 2025 to ensure radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security throughout the lifecycle of nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors.

Article 2. Applicability

This Decree applies to organizations and individuals within Vietnam, overseas Vietnamese, foreign organizations and individuals, and international organizations conducting activities related to nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors on Vietnamese territory.

Article 3. Explanation of Terms

In this Decree, the following terms are understood as follows:

1. The operating organization is a legal entity directly managing, operating, and ensuring safety at nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors; it bears primary responsibility for the safety of nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors.

2. Operating conditions and limits are a set of rules defining parameter limits, functional capabilities, and performance levels of equipment and personnel, approved by the competent authority to ensure safe operation of the licensed facility.

3. Deterministic safety analysis is a method of analyzing hypothetical initiating events, simulating their progression using conservative or best-estimate approaches without considering the probability of occurrence of event sequences, to demonstrate compliance with safety limits and that the safety system can protect the reactor.

4. Probabilistic safety analysis is a systematic method aimed at identifying failures and risks with quantified probabilities of occurrence using computational tools.

5. The lifecycle of a nuclear power plant and a research nuclear reactor includes phases: site survey, site evaluation, design, construction, trial operation, operation, and decommissioning.

6. Information system is a collection of hardware, software, and databases established to serve the purpose of creating, providing, transmitting, collecting, processing, storing, and exchanging information related to the operation of nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors.

7. Quality management system is a unified structure of organization, responsibilities, policies, procedures, resources, and activities established and implemented to ensure quality at each stage of the lifecycle of nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors.

8. Foreign technical regulations are documents specifying characteristics or production processes and methods from abroad proposed for application to projects on Vietnamese territory.

9. A nuclear power plant using small modular reactor technology is a nuclear power plant designed with a modular structure, where major systems and components are prefabricated at manufacturing sites and then transported to the construction site for installation and operation.

10. Physical protection means technical and administrative measures applied to prevent, detect, delay, and respond to unlawful appropriation, unauthorized access, or destruction of nuclear facilities, nuclear materials, nuclear equipment, and other protected objects, ensuring nuclear security.

11. The graded approach method is a method where the strictness level of control measures and application conditions is determined in accordance with the risk level.

Article 4. Depth Defense

1. Depth defense involves applying multiple independent levels of protection to prevent incidents, control incidents if they occur, and mitigate consequences in all possible scenarios at nuclear power plants and research reactors.

2. Principles of Application:

a) Depth defense must be established and maintained through multiple independent levels, ensuring that when one level does not function as expected, the next level can control the risk.

b) Level one shall not be used to justify reduced safety requirements for other levels.

c) The design, construction, and operation of nuclear power plants and research reactors must ensure the capability to prevent, control, and promptly respond to incidents, including human errors or external impacts.

3. Responsibilities:

a) Project sponsors and operating organizations must build, implement, maintain effectively, and improve depth defense capabilities throughout each project phase.

b) Operating organizations must evaluate, test, and update regularly, and take timely corrective actions to maintain overall safety levels when a protection level no longer meets requirements due to changes in technical conditions, technology, or new information during operation and shutdown.

4. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on this matter.

Article 5. Information, Publicity, and Community Monitoring Regarding Nuclear Power Plants and Research Reactors

1. Information and publicity work regarding nuclear power plants and research reactors aims to enhance public awareness, increase understanding of nuclear safety, radiation safety, and nuclear security, foster societal consensus on investment and operation of nuclear power plants and research reactors, and promote a culture of safety and security.

2. Principles for implementing information, publicity, and community monitoring work:

a) Ensuring transparency, accuracy, timeliness, and objectivity in providing information, receiving, and responding to public opinions.

b) Implementing a two-way mechanism, adopting community feedback to adjust policies and plans appropriately.

c) Ensuring public access to information about nuclear power plants and research reactors while adhering to state secrets protection laws.

d) Closely coordinating between government agencies, project sponsors, operating organizations, and related entities in providing authoritative information.

đ) Providing emergency information to ensure consistency, accuracy, and guidance for safe actions for the public.

3. Content of information and publicity:

a) Introducing technology, measures for radiation safety, nuclear safety, nuclear security, and environmental protection.

b) Providing information on the economic, social, environmental, and health impacts of nuclear power plants and research reactors.

c) Promoting legal provisions on atomic energy, responsibilities of organizations and individuals in ensuring safety and security of nuclear power plants and research reactors.

d) Guiding the public on response measures, warning mechanisms, and evacuation procedures in emergencies.

đ) Regularly reporting on safety status and results of environmental radiation monitoring around nuclear power plants and research reactors.

e) Enhancing understanding of the benefits of nuclear power plants and research reactors.

4. Forms of information and publicity:

a) Officially publishing information on mass media and digital platforms of government agencies and operating organizations.

b) Organizing conferences, seminars, forums, exhibitions; compiling and distributing literature, publications, and short films; implementing information and publicity activities combining traditional and modern methods; conducting community consultations on nuclear power plants and research reactors.

c) Developing education programs to disseminate knowledge on atomic energy.

5. Mechanism for receiving, processing complaints, and community supervision on radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security is implemented as follows:

a) The Ministry of Science and Technology leads, in coordination with provincial People's Committees where nuclear power plants and research reactors are located, to establish a system for receiving public feedback and suggestions.

b) Within ten working days from receipt of opinions, the receiving agency must provide preliminary feedback to the organization or individual submitting the opinion; within thirty working days, a written response or public announcement of the handling result must be provided; for particularly complex cases, the handling period may not exceed forty-five days, and reasons for extension must be announced.

c) Communities near nuclear power plants and research reactors have the right to appoint representatives to participate in supervision through a Community Supervision Board established by the provincial People's Committee decision; the Board has the right to request regular information on safety, environmental monitoring data, waste management from the operating organization; participate in some periodic or surprise inspections with government agencies; submit written recommendations to the Ministry of Science and Technology and provincial People's Committees.

d) The project investor, operating organization, and state management agency shall be responsible for publicly disclosing on mass media and electronic information portals all information related to nuclear safety, incidents (if any), and the results of handling public opinions;

đ) The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be primarily responsible for general supervision; provincial People's Committees and Provincial United Front Committees shall be responsible for directly coordinating with local communities; the operating organizations shall regularly dialogue with local residents at least twice a year and organize emergency dialogues when incidents occur or upon request from state management agencies;

6. Responsibilities for implementation:

a) The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for developing and implementing plans for disseminating and promoting information about nuclear power plants and research reactors; publishing information on radiation safety monitoring, nuclear safety, and nuclear security; environmental radiation monitoring results, and guidance on responding to radiation incidents and nuclear incidents;

b) The Ministry of Industry and Trade shall be responsible for providing information on development planning, investment policies, and support policies for nuclear power;

c) The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism shall be responsible for guiding the content of mass media communications regarding nuclear power plants, preventing false, inflammatory, and panic-inducing information;

d) The project investor and operating organizations shall be responsible for providing complete, accurate, transparent, and timely information about operational status, maintenance plans, upgrades, operational safety results, and cooperating to address false information (if any);

đ) The provincial People's Committee where the nuclear power plant is located shall be responsible for local promotion, dialoguing with residents, receiving feedback, and processing information locally;

e) Relevant organizations and individuals shall be responsible for coordinating in providing information as prescribed and supporting information and promotional activities when requested;

7. Funding for the implementation of information dissemination and promotion activities by state management agencies as stipulated in Clause 6 of this Article shall be guaranteed from the state budget within regular expenditure plans and other lawful sources of funding as provided by law;

Article 6. Review of Radiation Safety, Nuclear Safety, and Nuclear Security

1. The review of radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security for the stages of approving site selection, issuing construction permits, trial operation, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear power plants and research reactors includes reviewing documentation and on-site inspections.

2. Documentation review:

a) Assessing the completeness, detail, and accuracy of information, data, and arguments in the documentation, compliance with requirements and acceptance criteria set forth in legal regulations, technical standards, national standards, and foreign technical standards and international standards; requesting organizations or individuals seeking approval or permits to supplement, clarify, or update necessary information (if any);

b) Evaluating the consistency between contents and information in the documentation and previously published information or results of on-site inspections (if any);

c) Assessing compliance with previous permits, approvals, and approvals as a basis for considering permits, approvals, and approvals in subsequent stages (if any);

d) Concluding in writing on the level of compliance with requirements, specifying non-compliant contents, and recommending remedial measures;

3. On-site inspection:

a) Evaluating and verifying the actual conditions during the stages of site survey, site evaluation, design, manufacturing, construction, trial operation, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear power plants and research reactors compared to the information in the documentation;

b) Evaluating the quality of survey activities and data collection; adherence to approved plans and legal regulations on atomic energy;

c) Conducting the contents specified in Points a and b of this Clause with the presence of representatives of the organization seeking site approval, construction permit issuance, trial operation, operation, and decommissioning;

4. Organization of Reviews:

a) The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for organizing reviews at various stages throughout the lifecycle of nuclear power plants and research reactors;

b) In cases requiring inter-ministerial review boards, the Minister of Science and Technology shall serve as the Chairman of the Board;

c) The Chairman of the inter-ministerial review board shall establish operational rules for the Board, including specific provisions on working principles, meeting procedures, review processes, coordination mechanisms among members and assisting agencies; the use of consulting organizations to ensure independence, objectivity, and transparency in the review process;

d) Relevant ministries and sectors shall be responsible for reviewing contents within their assigned management functions.

Article 7. Radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security supervision

1. Principles of supervision:

a) Compliance with legal regulations;

b) Ensuring independence, objectivity, and transparency;

c) Preventing, early detection, and timely handling of risks to safety;

d) Retaining supervision results;

đ) Not affecting the normal operation of nuclear power plants and research reactors;

e) Supervision must apply a tiered approach method to determine the level, frequency, scope, and manner of appropriate supervision for each item, system, and activity based on the risk level regarding radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security.

2. Forms and organization of supervision:

a) Forms of supervision include: on-site inspection; file and document review; online monitoring;

b) The national radiation and nuclear safety agency is responsible for establishing a supervision office during construction, trial operation, operation, and decommissioning phases; developing detailed supervision programs.

3. Powers of the national radiation and nuclear safety agency:

a) Access to work areas, equipment, files, and documents related to ensuring radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security;

b) Drafting working records, requesting remediation measures, setting deadlines for remediation when discovering factors affecting radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security;

c) Temporarily suspending or stopping operations upon discovery of serious violations concerning radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security;

d) Requesting expert appraisals, inviting experts, and recommending actions within its authority.

4. Responsibilities of the project sponsor and operating organizations:

a) Establishing, operating, and maintaining an online monitoring system at nuclear power plants, ensuring full, accurate, and continuous transmission of operational data on radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security to the national radiation and nuclear safety agency for remote monitoring, analysis, and alerts;

b) Providing timely, complete, and accurate information and documents, and being legally accountable for the accuracy and truthfulness of provided information and documents, and facilitating access to the site by the national radiation and nuclear safety agency as required;

c) Implementing requests and remediation recommendations from the national radiation and nuclear safety agency.

5. Responsibilities of the supervision office:

a) Direct and regular supervision;

b) Reporting periodically and upon request to the national radiation and nuclear safety agency on the status of safety and security at nuclear power plants;

c) Evaluating compliance with regulations on radiation safety, nuclear safety, nuclear security, environmental protection, and quality control;

d) Cooperating and participating in nuclear inspection, audit, and oversight teams.

6. Reporting and disclosure of information:

a) The national radiation and nuclear safety agency prepares quarterly supervision reports and ad hoc reports in case of incidents, to be submitted to the Ministry of Science and Technology;

b) Disclosing supervision information not classified as state secrets.

7. Costs for supervision activities are guaranteed from the state budget.

8. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on supervision activities for nuclear power plants and research reactors.

Chapter II
RADIATION SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS,

RESEARCH REACTORS

Article 8. Design of nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors

1. General requirements for design:

a) Ensuring the performance of basic safety functions including: control of chain nuclear reactions; heat removal from the reactor core and spent nuclear fuel storage areas; prevention of radioactive release;

b) Applying a systematic approach to identify important safety items and inherent safety characteristics that implement or affect basic safety functions for all states of nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors;

c) Ensuring high reliability in performing basic safety functions, ensuring stable operation throughout the designed lifetime;

d) For nuclear power plants, must be based on deterministic safety analysis and probabilistic safety analysis results to prevent accidents and mitigate consequences if they occur;

đ) For research nuclear reactors, must be based on deterministic safety analysis results and probabilistic safety analysis results (if applicable) using a graded approach;

e) Ensuring radiation emission control; the amount of radioactive waste directly generated from the operation of nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors shall not exceed prescribed limits;

g) Taking into account experience gained from the design, construction, and operation of other nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors, as well as the results of related research programs;

h) Considering the possibility of decommissioning, including: dismantling plans, radioactive waste management, environmental restoration; minimizing the amount of radioactive waste generated during dismantling;

i) Facilitating nuclear inspection activities;

2. Safety and nuclear security design principles:

a) Applying the principle of deep defense as stipulated in Article 4 of this Decree;

b) Combining passive and active safety features;

c) Applying independence, redundancy, diversity, self-protection capability, post-accident recovery capability, and limiting common cause failures;

d) Ensuring convenience for calibration, testing, maintenance, repair, replacement, inspection, monitoring the ability to perform functions, and maintaining the integrity of important safety items;

đ) Considering internal and external hazards that can occur at nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors, including those caused directly or indirectly by humans;

3. Nuclear security design principles:

a) Physical protection system design must consider access control measures, detection, delay, and timely response to intrusion, sabotage, theft of nuclear materials, ensuring the application of the principle of deep defense;

b) Physical protection system design must consider measures to protect information systems, control systems, and digital equipment against cyber attacks and unauthorized access;

c) Physical protection system design must be based on threat assessments, while applying a graded approach and risk assessment;

d) Integrating the establishment and implementation of measures to ensure radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security, ensuring independent measures that do not adversely affect each other;

4. Procedures for drafting, reviewing, and approving the design of nuclear power plant construction projects according to laws on construction for national key projects;

5. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on safety requirements for the design of nuclear power plants and research nuclear reactors; requirements for physical protection systems.

Article 9. Safety Analysis and Safety Analysis Report

1. Safety analysis must be conducted to assess the safety level for all states and operating modes of nuclear power plants and research reactors.

2. Safety analysis must include events arising from internal risks, external risks, and processes that may damage radioactive containment barriers or increase the risk of radioactive leakage into the environment.

3. The selection of initiating event analyses and subsequent developments must be based on a systematic and logical approach. Sufficient justification must be provided for identifying all accident scenarios.

4. The safety analysis report must include the results of safety analysis and other information aimed at evaluating and demonstrating that nuclear power plants and research reactors meet radiation safety and nuclear safety requirements. The safety analysis report serves as the basis for reviewing, approving, issuing permits, or making management decisions at each stage of nuclear power plants and research reactors, while also serving oversight, inspection, and audit activities.

5. The structure and content of the safety analysis report must maintain consistency and continuity across stages from site approval, construction permit issuance, trial operation, and operation; the level of detail in the safety analysis report must be appropriate to the level of information available at each stage.

6. The safety analysis report must be reviewed and updated every ten years or when changes occur that affect the safety of nuclear power plants and research reactors.

7. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on safety analysis for nuclear power plants and research reactors; the contents of the safety analysis report in applications for site approval, applications for construction permit issuance, applications for trial operation permit issuance, and applications for operation permit issuance of nuclear power plants and research reactors.

Article 10. Quality Management System

1. Project sponsors and operating organizations are responsible for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continuously improving the quality management system to enhance the effectiveness of work ensuring radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security. Safety policies must be documented, reflecting the organization's commitment to prioritizing safety, widely disseminated to employees and stakeholders, and periodically reviewed and updated to ensure their effectiveness, efficiency, and relevance to practice.

2. The quality management system must meet the following requirements:

a) Clearly define the roles, responsibilities, and authorities of project sponsors, operating organizations, contractors, and related parties in ensuring quality;

b) Ensure full control over documentation and records, meeting requirements for integrity, traceability, retention, and information security.

3. The quality management system must have an appropriate level of detail for each stage and include the following relevant contents:

a) Responsibilities of top management and leadership teams;

b) Objectives, strategies, plans, and performance indicators;

c) Interaction with stakeholders;

d) Integration of management systems;

đ) Application of tiered approach methods;

e) Documentation of the management system;

g) Provision of resources and employee management;

h) Management of processes, activities, and changes;

i) Management of contractors and supply chains;

k) Promotion and maintenance of a safety culture;

l) Measurement, periodic evaluation, and improvement of the management system;

m) Internal controls, independent external assessments, and management of non-conformities.

4. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on the quality management system for site surveys, evaluations, design, construction, trial operation, operation, and decommissioning of nuclear power plants and research reactors.

Article 11. Security Assurance for Nuclear Power Plants and Research Reactors

1. Security assurance must apply a deep protection approach method as prescribed in Article 4 of this Decree.

2. The project investor and operating organization shall be responsible for:

a) Establishing, maintaining, implementing, and organizing drills to respond to security incidents in accordance with Clause 3, Point l of this Article;

b) Strictly organizing protection and closely controlling entry and exit from the nuclear power plant and research reactor areas.

3. The security assurance plan shall be developed based on an assessment of security threats and shall include the following contents:

a) General information about the facility's location, surrounding environment, type and layout of nuclear material, radioactive sources, radioactive waste, important safety structures, systems, and components, physical protection zones diagrams, patrol routes, and warning stations;

b) Organizational structure and roles, authorities, and responsibilities of individuals and departments related to security assurance;

c) Description of security threats, identification of unauthorized intrusion risks, sabotage, and terrorist attacks;

d) Classification of security zones according to their level of importance and access control;

đ) Control measures for people and vehicles entering and exiting, including identification, security checks, monitoring of entry permit programs, employee reliability checks, and preventive measures against insider threats;

e) Physical protection systems, including fences, electronic surveillance systems, access controls, dedicated security forces; technical measures such as physical barriers, alarm and intrusion detection equipment, lighting systems, central and independent backup warning stations;

g) Cybersecurity and computer security measures, including: classifying information systems according to their level of importance, access control, network segmentation and isolation; identifying and protecting critical information systems that can affect nuclear safety and security; real-time monitoring and responding promptly to cyber attacks; regular training staff on cybersecurity and defending against human-based and insider threats; checking software and hardware security in supply chains to prevent risks from compromised devices and software; integrating cybersecurity into physical protection systems to counter combined attacks; regularly evaluating and testing intrusion methods, improving cybersecurity measures;

h) Coordination procedures with police agencies, military forces, and emergency response teams in case of security incidents; agreements on support, communication, and joint exercises with external forces;

i) Surveillance, early warning, and threat handling systems for nuclear security; communication systems within and outside the facility, with backup measures to ensure continuous information flow in all situations;

k) Control and protection procedures for nuclear materials, fuel, and radioactive waste against theft and illegal transfer;

l) Drills and regular training plans for employees and security forces to respond to security incidents and ensure security;

m) Maintenance, inspection, and periodic testing plans for physical protection systems, evaluation and improvement programs for security effectiveness;

n) Record-keeping, reporting, and document retention procedures for security assurance.

4. The Minister, Head of a Government Agency at the ministerial level shall be responsible for establishing records and proposing to include nuclear power plants and research reactors under their management authority in the list of important facilities related to national security as prescribed by laws on the protection of important facilities related to national security.

5. Implementation of security assurance measures must ensure close coordination between police agencies, defense forces, and other protective forces. Protective forces must have sufficient capacity to respond to security situations.

6. The Minister of Science and Technology shall take the lead and coordinate with the Minister of Public Security and the Minister of National Defense to specify requirements for nuclear security assurance and security assurance plans for nuclear power plants and research reactors.

7. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall take the lead and coordinate with the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of National Defense, and relevant agencies to organize assessments of security threats to nuclear power plants and research reactors.

8. The Ministry of Public Security shall be responsible for:

a) Guiding investors and operating organizations to implement legal regulations on the protection of important facilities related to national security and anti-terrorism;

b) Coordinating with the Ministry of Science and Technology to review security assurance plans for nuclear power plants and research reactors.

9. The Ministry of National Defense shall be responsible for:

a) Leading responses when urgent defense situations occur in the area of nuclear power plants;

b) Coordinating with the Ministry of Science and Technology to review security assurance plans for nuclear power plants and research reactors.

10. The People's Committee of the province where the nuclear power plant and research reactor are located shall be responsible for:

a) Cooperating to implement protective measures for safety corridors and protected areas according to administrative levels;

b) Organizing information dissemination, legal education, inspections, and handling violations related to the protection of nuclear power plant and research reactor security.

Chapter III
NUCLEAR POWER PLANT CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT PROJECT

Section 1
DECISION, APPROVAL OF THE INVESTMENT POLICY

NUCLEAR POWER PLANT CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT PROJECT

Article 12. Investment Orientation for Nuclear Power Plant Construction Projects

1. The investor shall be responsible for preparing the application dossier for the investment orientation decision for nuclear power plant construction projects in accordance with the laws on public investment, atomic energy, technology transfer, and other relevant laws; prepare the application dossier for approval of the investment orientation for nuclear power plant construction projects in accordance with the laws on investment, atomic energy, technology transfer, and other relevant laws.

2. The procedures for reviewing and deciding on the investment orientation for nuclear power plant construction projects shall comply with the provisions of the laws on public investment, atomic energy, and other relevant laws; the procedures for reviewing and approving the investment orientation for nuclear power plant construction projects shall comply with the provisions of the laws on investment, atomic energy, technology transfer, and other relevant laws.

Article 13. Feasibility Study Report for Investment and Construction

Depending on the source of investment capital, the feasibility study report for investment and construction shall be prepared in accordance with the laws on construction, investment, public investment, and must include the following contents:

1. Estimated scale of investment: number of units, capacity of each unit, construction area; related works.

2. Estimated construction location; preliminary assessment of the suitability of the location including: fault zones, earthquakes, volcanoes; geotechnical conditions and foundation; extreme weather conditions; flooding; impact on the nuclear power plant caused by human activities; radiation impact on the local community; cooling water sources and electricity supply for the operation of the plant.

3. Preliminary assessment of radiological impact, identification of radioactive waste types generated, prediction of emission levels during operation and in case of accidents based on the project's scale, technology, and location; identification of sensitive environmental factors within the radiation-affected area; development of measures to mitigate environmental impacts.

4. Preliminary analysis and selection of technology, technical parameters; issues concerning radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security; response to radiation incidents and nuclear incidents; management of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel; prevention and control of fires and explosions; security and defense.

5. Preliminary design including descriptions and drawings of the construction location, overall layout, and important safety elements, technological process lines, including: determination of input parameters for earthquake design, maximum flood level, and extreme values of meteorological conditions; proposal for the initial configuration of the nuclear power plant suitable for the location, including reactor building, turbine building, spent nuclear fuel storage pool; restricted residential areas, controlled residential areas, and emergency planning zones.

6. Plan to ensure resources for radiation and nuclear safety.

7. Recommendations when considering and deciding on the investment orientation for nuclear power plants (if any).

Section 2
LOCATION FOR CONSTRUCTION OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

Article 14. General requirements for the construction site of nuclear power plants

1. General Requirements:

a) The survey and evaluation of the site must comply with regulatory legal documents, technical standards, national standards, international standards, foreign technical standards and regulations applied;

b) The process of surveying and evaluating the site must be documented in a file for storage and submitted to the competent state management agency when requesting approval of the nuclear power plant site;

c) Monitoring of factors and characteristics of the site related to ensuring safety for the nuclear power plant, for people and the environment must be carried out throughout the life cycle of the nuclear power plant, including monitoring population growth and distribution;

d) Safety assessment against all natural and human-induced hazards that can impact the safety of the nuclear power plant from outside and the characteristics of the site must be conducted every ten years during the operational period of the plant;

đ) In addition to periodic safety assessments as stipulated in point d, Clause 1 of this Article, such assessments must also be carried out in the following cases: new or modified requirements related to nuclear safety and security; plant design not meeting requirements to withstand external hazards; information, experience, or lessons learned about external hazards affecting the safety of the nuclear power plant; changes in the level of hazard over time;

e) If the capacity is increased beyond the approved capacity, a re-survey and re-evaluation of the nuclear power plant construction site must be conducted.

2. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on nuclear safety requirements for the survey and evaluation of the construction site of nuclear power plants.

Article 15. Safety supervision in the activities of surveying and evaluating the construction site of nuclear power plants

1. Responsibilities of the project investor:

a) To develop and submit to the national radiation and nuclear safety agency at least 10 working days before commencing the survey and evaluation activities, one set of files including: documentation describing the quality management system related to the survey and evaluation activities; list of regulatory legal documents, technical standards, national standards, international standards, foreign technical standards and regulations applied to the survey and evaluation activities. For international standards, foreign technical standards and regulations, the original documents must be sent along with Vietnamese and English translations (in case these standards and regulations are not published in English) for the parts used;

b) To notify the national radiation and nuclear safety agency of the plan to conduct survey and evaluation activities according to the prescribed deadlines and contents;

c) To provide complete information and documents to the supervisory, inspection, and audit teams and ensure the accuracy and truthfulness of the provided information and documents;

d) To strictly, fully, and promptly implement the requirements, recommendations, and decisions of the national radiation and nuclear safety agency during inspections and supervision;

đ) To supervise contractors and be responsible for the quality of work of main contractors according to signed contracts;

e) To fulfill other requirements as prescribed by law.

2. Supervision responsibilities of the national radiation and nuclear safety agency:

a) To carry out supervision of survey and evaluation activities from planning to completion, including checking the quality management system and the survey and evaluation plans of the project investor;

b) To require the project investor to suspend all survey and evaluation activities if a risk of loss of safety and security is detected. In case of detecting violations, handle them or recommend the competent authority to handle them according to the law;

c) To report to the Ministry of Science and Technology the results of inspections and supervision and propose measures for handling in necessary cases.

Article 16. Overview Report on the Selection of Nuclear Power Plant Site

1. The survey and evaluation of the nuclear power plant site construction location must include the following contents:

a) Surveying fault zones, earthquake manifestations, and volcanic activities that may affect the safety of the nuclear power plant according to the following contents: geological conditions and structural surveys of the area; collecting and compiling seismic data; determining the earthquake risk based on the assessment of the seismic and structural conditions of the area; determining the ground shaking risk due to earthquakes based on the structural characteristics of the area and specific data of the location;

b) Surveying geotechnical characteristics and foundations, constructing geotechnical cross-sections of the location to determine the potential for landslides, rockslides, riverbank erosion, coastal erosion, slope instability at the proposed location and nearby areas; the potential for ground lifting, subsidence, and collapse at the proposed location based on geological maps and existing documents, noting karst and mine shafts, wells, and drill holes; the potential for ground liquefaction based on parameters and values of ground shaking; the physical and mechanical properties of the ground and foreign objects within it; the stability of the ground under static and dynamic loads; the dynamics and physicochemical properties of groundwater;

c) Surveying and forecasting meteorological and hydrological phenomena, including the impact of natural disasters on the location; surveying and forecasting meteorological and hydrological phenomena that can cause unique radioactive dispersion or condensation characteristics, potentially harmful effects exceeding permissible limits for humans and the environment at the location and the nuclear power plant construction area;

d) Conducting a comprehensive survey of causes of flooding due to dam or levee breaches, rain, typhoons, tsunamis, earthquakes, or other geological events;

đ) Evaluating the impact on the nuclear power plant caused by human activities, including collecting and surveying information about hazardous materials, fires, explosions, corrosion, toxicity stored, transported, and used, military training exercises, fuel pipeline routes; surveying warehouses, docks, mining and storage sites with the potential to temporarily block water flow causing floods or ground subsidence; surveying airport locations, aircraft types, flight paths, and frequency; surveying land, river, and sea transportation routes, including types of vehicles, frequency, transport characteristics, ports, docks, and stations; noting busy transportation routes and intersections;

e) Assessing the impact of radiation on the local community, including population distribution and density, demographic changes forecast in the region; evaluating the spread and dispersion of radioactive material in the air and water based on meteorological parameters such as wind direction and speed, atmospheric turbulence, humidity, rainfall, solar radiation, hydrological features such as rivers, streams, surface and underground water, along with topographical features like mountains, valleys, and the influence of large construction projects; determining the radiation background and dose exposure to the local community; assessing the radiation impact risk to the public as a basis for emergency response plans, taking into account land use planning, water sources, and food supply at the local level; considering the conditions for building evacuation transportation systems, supplying food and living infrastructure for the public in the evacuation area; determining the conditions and location for establishing an external emergency response center outside the nuclear power plant; assessing the suitability of the location related to the economic and social development potential of the region such as trade, industry, tourism, and the increased risk due to the impact of the nuclear power plant on the region and the impact of regional activities on the plant;

g) Assessing the water source for cooling and electricity supply for the operation of the plant;

h) Assessing the capability to connect to the power grid to relieve the plant's capacity during operation;

i) Assessing the physical facilities, pipelines, and technical infrastructure within and around the nuclear power plant site regarding the possibility of being exploited for illegal entry or destruction; simultaneously implementing appropriate protective measures in the design and operation of the physical protection system;

k) Assessing the use of land, industrial, military facilities, hazardous material storage areas, and public areas nearby that could affect nuclear safety and security;

l) Assessing and determining the necessary space for constructing a security barrier and installing equipment of the physical protection system;

m) Assessing the characteristics of the site and terrain affecting nuclear security, including: access control requirements; visibility from the outside; hidden pathways; difficulties in constructing a security barrier and arranging surveillance and access control systems;

n) Assessing the natural characteristics of the site that could affect the design, construction, and operation of the physical protection system, including: climatic conditions and extreme weather events; flood and drought risks; geological, seismic, and other factors;

o) Assessing the accessibility and emergency response capabilities of external forces.

2. The overview report on the selection of the site includes the following contents:

a) Summary of the site selection process;

b) Summary of the site survey and evaluation activities as stipulated in Clause 1 of this Article;

c) Number of units, technology, and expected capacity to be constructed at the approved site;

d) Justification that the selected site meets the safety and security criteria and requirements specified in legal regulations, technical standards, national standards, international standards, and foreign technical standards and regulations.

Article 17. Documents for Approval of the Construction Site for Nuclear Power Plant

1. After being approved and agreed on the investment orientation to construct a nuclear power plant, the investor shall be responsible for submitting one set of paper documents (in both Vietnamese and English) along with the electronic version of the documents for approval of the construction site directly at the Ministry of Science and Technology or through public postal services. In case there is a discrepancy between the paper documents and the electronic version, the content of the paper documents shall have the final legal validity.

2. The documents shall include:

a) Request for approval of the construction site;

b) Comprehensive report on the selection of the construction site in accordance with Article 16 of this Decree;

c) Preliminary design in accordance with Clause 5 of Article 13 of this Decree;

d) Documentation describing the quality management system related to surveying and evaluating the construction site in accordance with Article 10 of this Decree;

đ) Preliminary environmental impact assessment report in accordance with laws on environmental protection and Clause 3 of Article 13 of this Decree;

e) Safety analysis report in accordance with Article 9 of this Decree;

g) Opinion of the People's Council of the province where the nuclear power plant is planned to be constructed, reflecting the people's opinions on measures to ensure safety, security, investment policies for technical infrastructure development, cultural and educational development, social welfare to ensure harmonious interests among the State, investors, and residents in the area;

h) Data, technical documents, maps, and reports supporting the proof of suitability of the construction site for the nuclear power plant.

Article 18. Content of Review of the Construction Site for Nuclear Power Plant

1. The suitability of the proposed construction site for the nuclear power plant with national master plans, regional plans, provincial plans, and technical and specialized plans.

2. The level of compliance of the site with safety requirements and national technical standards, national standards, foreign standards, foreign technical regulations, and international standards applied.

3. The suitability of the site with the design of the nuclear power plant at the stage of preparing the documents for approval of the construction site.

4. Evaluation of the characteristics of the site and the environment related to radioactive release from the nuclear power plant that may harm humans and the environment.

5. Evaluation of natural and human-caused factors that can affect the safety of the nuclear power plant from outside; the characteristics of the site and the environment related to radioactive release from the nuclear power plant that may harm humans and the environment.

6. The level of compliance of the site with requirements to ensure defense, security for the nuclear power plant and its consistency with national security and social order and safety requirements.

7. The ability to respond to radiation accidents and nuclear accidents in relation to population density, distribution, characteristics of the area, geographical and social conditions, and supporting infrastructure of the site area.

Article 19. Procedure and Process for Review of Documents for Approval of the Construction Site for Nuclear Power Plant

1. Within 15 working days from the date of receiving the documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for checking the completeness and legality of the documents and notify in writing any request for modification or supplementation if the documents are incomplete or illegal.

2. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall lead and coordinate with relevant ministries, sectors, and agencies to review the documents for approval of the construction site for the nuclear power plant. If no foreign technical consultancy support is hired, the review period shall not exceed 18 months from the date of receiving complete and valid documents.

3. If foreign technical consultancy support is hired, the review period shall be calculated from the date of signing the consultancy contract but shall not exceed 18 months. The signing of the consultancy contract must be completed within six months from the date of receiving complete and valid documents. If the consultancy contract cannot be signed within the prescribed time limit, the Minister of Science and Technology shall report to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision.

4. The review period specified in Clauses 2 and 3 of this Article does not include the necessary time for modifying and supplementing the documents.

5. Responsibilities for review:

a) The Ministry of Science and Technology shall lead the review of the documents for approval of the construction site for the nuclear power plant;

b) The Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of National Defense shall cooperate in reviewing contents related to security and defense;

c) The Ministry of Agriculture and Environment shall cooperate in reviewing contents related to natural factors of the site.

6. During the review process, the Ministry of Science and Technology has the right:

a) To request the investor, organizations, and individuals related to provide relevant information to serve the review work and explain when necessary;

b) To hire technical consultancy support with sufficient capacity and experience to perform part or all of the tasks serving the review work.

Article 20. Procedures for Approving the Location for Building Nuclear Power Plants

1. After completing the review, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall submit to the Prime Minister the dossier requesting approval of the location for building nuclear power plants, including:

a) Documents as prescribed in Clause 2 of Article 17 of this Decree;

b) Report on the results of the review;

c) Draft decision on approving the location for building nuclear power plants or a document refusing to approve the location and stating the reasons therefor;

d) Other related documents (if any).

2. Within thirty days from the date of receipt of the dossier as prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article, the Prime Minister shall be responsible for approving or issuing a decision to refuse to approve the location for building nuclear power plants.

3. The validity period of the decision approving the location is twenty years and may be adjusted when there are significant changes affecting safety, the environment, or other important factors.

4. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for delivering the results of processing the dossier requesting approval of the location for building nuclear power plants to the investor as follows:

a) In case the dossier is approved, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall send a notification letter along with the Prime Minister's Decision approving the location for building nuclear power plants to the investor;

b) In case the dossier is not approved, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall send a notification letter along with the Prime Minister's document refusing to approve the location and stating the reasons for refusal;

c) The delivery of results shall be carried out directly at the headquarters of the Ministry of Science and Technology or through public postal services.

Section 3
INVESTMENT DECISION FOR THE PROJECT OF BUILDING A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
CONSTRUCTION OF A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

Article 21. General Requirements

1. The investor shall be responsible for establishing the dossier requesting the investment decision for the project of building a nuclear power plant in accordance with the laws on public investment, laws on technology transfer, and other relevant laws suitable to the source of investment capital.

2. The feasibility study report in the dossier requesting the investment decision for the project of building a nuclear power plant shall comply with the provisions of Article 22 of this Decree; the environmental impact assessment report in the dossier requesting the investment decision for the project of building a nuclear power plant shall comply with the provisions of Article 23 of this Decree.

3. The procedures for reviewing and deciding on the investment project for building a nuclear power plant shall comply with the laws on public investment and other relevant laws suitable to the source of investment capital.

Article 22. Feasibility Study Report for Investment Construction

1. The feasibility study report for investment construction includes contents as prescribed by the laws on construction and must also include the following contents:

a) Explanation of the technology selection plan;

b) Plan for providing technical water and cooling agents;

c) Anticipated training, development, and human resource capacity-building plans; information and communication activities.

2. The basic design in the feasibility study report for investment construction includes explanations and drawings that must ensure all contents as prescribed by the laws on construction, and must also include the following contents:

a) Basis for developing the basic design;

b) Expected type of technology; expected electricity generation capacity; international operating experience and evaluation of the level of verification of the technology;

c) Description of the design meeting the requirements and acceptance criteria, ensuring the application of the lowest reasonably achievable principle, deep protection principles, and accident prevention, control measures if it occurs, and minimizing consequences in all possible scenarios;

d) Design plan ensuring radiation safety, nuclear safety, nuclear security, and analysis of the selected design solutions for critical structures, systems, and components, measurement and control systems, physical protection systems, auxiliary systems, and integration with infrastructure at the site;

đ) Characteristics of nuclear fuel, fuel supply plan, and management, storage of spent nuclear fuel;

e) Environmental protection plan, fire prevention, firefighting in accordance with the law;

g) Main construction and installation volumes;

h) Preliminary construction organization plan;

i) Other related documents.

Article 23. Environmental Impact Assessment Report

1. The investor shall prepare the Environmental Impact Assessment Report in accordance with the provisions of the environmental protection laws, including the following contents on radiation and radiological impact assessment:

a) General evaluation of the current status and characteristics of the radiological environment at the project implementation site and surrounding areas of the nuclear power plant;

b) Identification, assessment, and forecasting of the potential impacts of radiation on the environment when the project is implemented, affecting environmental components and socio-economic factors influenced by the project; assessment of environmental impacts due to radiation in case of accidents; scale and nature of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel generated during different stages of the project;

c) Facilities and measures for collecting, storing, and treating radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel;

d) Measures to control and mitigate negative impacts from radiation on the environment; rehabilitation and restoration plans for the environment (if applicable); biodiversity compensation plans (if applicable);

đ) Environmental radiation monitoring plan, soil, air, underground water, and surface water radiation monitoring plan in the affected area when the nuclear power plant is operating;

e) Emergency response plans related to radiation and radiological incidents.

2. The Minister of Agriculture and Environment shall take the lead and coordinate with the Minister of Science and Technology to provide detailed guidance on preparing the Environmental Impact Assessment Report for nuclear power plants and research reactors.

Section 4
CONSTRUCTION OF A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

Article 24. General Requirements for Building Nuclear Power Plants

1. The investor must obtain a construction permit for the nuclear power plant before pouring the first concrete for the reactor building foundation.

2. The investor, contractor, and related parties must comply with technical standards, foreign technical regulations, scope of work, and conditions stipulated in the construction permit for the nuclear power plant; adhere to quality management systems and ensure safety according to the construction law and atomic energy law during the construction process of the nuclear power plant.

3. State authorities, investors, contractors, and related parties must conduct regular inspections and supervision of the construction process of the nuclear power plant in accordance with the construction law and atomic energy law.

4. The investor, contractor, and related parties must establish and maintain a culture of safety during the construction of the nuclear power plant.

5. During the construction process, if there are design changes for important safety components, the investor is responsible for supplementing the post-baseline design documentation, construction documents, safety analysis reports, and other relevant materials.

6. The Minister of Science and Technology shall specify detailed requirements for radiation safety and nuclear safety for the construction of nuclear power plants.

Article 25. Documents for Applying for a Construction Permit for Nuclear Power Plants

1. The investor is responsible for submitting one set of paper documents (in Vietnamese and English) along with an electronic version of the application for a construction permit for the nuclear power plant directly to the Ministry of Science and Technology or through public postal services. In case of discrepancies between the paper documents and the electronic version, the content of the paper documents shall have final legal validity.

2. The documents shall include:

a) Application for a construction permit;

b) Safety analysis report during the construction phase as prescribed in Article 9 of this Decree;

c) Post-baseline design documentation as prescribed in Clause 3 of this Article;

d) Documentation describing the investor's quality management system as prescribed in Article 10 of this Decree;

đ) Security assurance plan as prescribed in Clause 3 of Article 11 of this Decree;

e) Preliminary shutdown plan as prescribed in Clause 3 of Article 43 of this Decree;

g) Investor's capability documents.

3. The post-baseline design documentation as prescribed in point c of Clause 2 of this Article must include all contents required by the construction law, while also including the following:

a) Basis for developing the post-baseline design;

b) Description and classification of safety for important safety components and results of safety analysis according to the atomic energy law;

c) Detailed explanation and drawings of the post-baseline design for important safety components, physical protection systems, showing comprehensive solutions, dimensions, technical parameters, and materials used, as well as boundaries and interactions between safety systems and physical protection systems and radiation monitoring systems;

d) Design justification meeting requirements and acceptance criteria, ensuring the application of the depth defense principle and accident prevention, control, and mitigation capabilities in all possible scenarios;

đ) Design plan ensuring radiation safety, nuclear safety, nuclear security, and analysis of selected design solutions for important structures, systems, and components, measurement and control systems, physical protection systems, auxiliary systems, and integration with local infrastructure;

e) Characteristics of nuclear fuel, fuel supply and management plans for spent nuclear fuel;

g) Environmental protection, fire prevention, and firefighting plans as prescribed by law;

h) Main construction and installation quantities;

i) Preliminary construction organization plan;

k) Other related documents.

Article 26. Examination of the application dossier for nuclear power plant construction permit

1. Content of examination:

a) Verify the completeness, validity, and consistency of the components of the dossier in accordance with points a, b, c, d, đ, e of Clause 2, Article 25 of this Decree;

b) Evaluate compliance with radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security requirements; adherence to technical standards and regulations on radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security;

c) Evaluate compliance with construction requirements as stipulated by laws on construction.

2. Procedure and process for examination:

a) Within fifteen working days from the date of receipt of the dossier, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall check the completeness and validity of the dossier and notify in writing whether the dossier is complete and valid or request amendments and supplements if it is incomplete or invalid;

b) In cases where foreign technical consultancy services are not hired, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for leading and coordinating with relevant ministries, sectors, and agencies to complete the examination of the application dossier for a nuclear power plant construction permit within eighteen months from the date of receiving a complete and valid dossier;

c) In cases where foreign technical consultancy services are hired, the examination period shall commence from the date of signing the consultancy service contract but shall not exceed eighteen months. The signing of the consultancy service contract must be completed within six months from the date of receiving a complete and valid dossier. If the consultancy service contract cannot be signed within the prescribed time limit, the Minister of Science and Technology shall report to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision regarding the extension of the contract signing period and the corresponding examination period;

d) The examination periods specified in points b and c of this clause do not include the necessary time for the investor to amend and supplement the application dossier for a nuclear power plant construction permit according to the requirements of the leading examination agency;

đ) The investor is responsible for completing the dossier in accordance with the examination conclusions within two months;

e) Within one month from the date of receipt of the complete dossier, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall review, confirm, and issue the construction permit for the nuclear power plant; in case of non-issuance of the permit, a written document stating the reasons must be sent to the investor;

3. Appraisal Responsibilities:

a) The Ministry of Science and Technology shall lead the examination of the application dossier for a nuclear power plant construction permit;

b) The Ministry of Industry and Trade shall lead the examination of the content stipulated in point c of Clause 2, Article 25 of this Decree;

c) The Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of National Defense shall cooperate in examining the content stipulated in point đ of Clause 2, Article 25 of this Decree;

d) The national radiation and nuclear safety agency shall lead and coordinate with relevant agencies under the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Industry and Trade to examine design contents related to radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security in the dossier stipulated in point c of Clause 2, Article 25 of this Decree in accordance with Clause 5, Article 44 of the Atomic Energy Law 2025;

4. During the examination process, the Ministry of Science and Technology has the right:

a) To request the investor, organizations, and individuals involved to provide information and explanations for the examination work when necessary;

b) To hire domestic and foreign organizations and individuals with sufficient capacity and experience to provide technical consultancy support to perform part or all of the tasks serving the examination work;

5. Responsibilities of the investor:

a) To cooperate and provide timely and accurate information and documents as required by the examination agencies;

b) To explain and supplement content during the examination process when requested;

6. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for delivering the examination results of the application dossier for a nuclear power plant construction permit directly at the Ministry of Science and Technology's headquarters or through public postal services; in case of non-issuance of the permit, a written document stating the reasons must be sent to the investor.

Article 27. Responsibilities of the Project Owner during Construction

1. The project owner shall be responsible for organizing the construction of nuclear power plant projects in accordance with the contents of the construction permit issued, consistent with the design that has been reviewed and approved; complying with laws on construction, atomic energy laws, and other relevant laws.

2. The project owner shall establish and maintain project management, quality management systems, and safety management during construction; organize supervision of the construction process to ensure:

a) Compliance with radiation safety requirements, nuclear safety, nuclear security, and environmental protection; adherence to foreign standards, technical regulations, and technical requirements applied; compliance with permit conditions;

b) Contractors and organizations or individuals participating in construction have the necessary capacity as stipulated by law and the contract terms;

c) Overall construction plans, progress, acceptance, and handover meet project requirements and construction laws.

3. The project owner shall comply with supervision, inspection, and examination by competent state management agencies during the construction process in accordance with construction laws, atomic energy laws, and other relevant laws.

4. In cases where design adjustments are made for main works or components directly related to nuclear safety or affecting radiation safety, nuclear safety, or nuclear security solutions compared to the reviewed design during construction, the project owner shall implement design adjustment procedures in accordance with construction laws, and report the design adjustment content to the Ministry of Science and Technology; only continue construction of related components after approval from the Ministry of Science and Technology.

5. The project owner shall fulfill all other obligations as prescribed by construction laws, atomic energy laws, and other relevant laws.

Article 28. Qualification Conditions for Organizations and Individuals in Building Nuclear Power Plants

1. Organizations and individuals participating in surveying, designing, constructing, installing equipment, supervising, testing, inspecting, and testing related to nuclear power plants must meet qualification conditions appropriate to the work content they undertake, in accordance with construction laws and other relevant laws and international practices.

2. In addition to the conditions specified in Clause 1 of this Article, organizations and individuals must:

a) Have the capacity to perform technically complex tasks in the energy sector, heavy industry, or have joint venture agreements or technical cooperation with organizations having experience in nuclear power plant construction;

b) Have a quality management system suitable for requirements in the field of atomic energy, established, operated, and maintained effectively;

c) Have sufficient personnel trained, developed, and specialized in nuclear safety, nuclear security, and radiation protection, holding appropriate professional certificates for their assigned positions;

d) Ensure the establishment, maintenance, and promotion of a safety culture throughout the entire construction process.

Article 29. Radiation safety supervision, nuclear safety, and nuclear security, suspension, and temporary cessation during construction

1. Supervision during construction:

a) Safety supervision during construction must be carried out throughout the entire construction period of the nuclear power plant and must ensure verification of compliance with design requirements, assessment of deviations from construction drawings, conformity with safety standards, and the ability to meet post-construction operational requirements of the nuclear power plant; ensuring that it does not affect or hinder the construction and installation progress of the nuclear power plant;

b) The responsibility for supervision by the project owner, contractor, and relevant ministries and agencies shall comply with the provisions of the Construction Law;

c) The National Radiation Safety and Nuclear Safety Agency shall organize independent supervision to ensure that the construction of the nuclear power plant complies with the approved design, contents in the Safety Analysis Report which has been reviewed; complying with the requirements for radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security as stipulated by atomic energy laws.

2. Supervision of design and manufacture of structures, systems, and components for the nuclear power plant includes the following contents:

a) Evaluation of compliance with the detailed design after basic design which has been reviewed, consistent with technical standards, technical regulations, and foreign technical regulations applied;

b) Inspection of the capability of organizations and individuals responsible for design and manufacture compared to the submitted capability files, the manufacturing capacity to meet the requirements of the detailed design after basic design which has been reviewed;

c) Assessment of quality control measures implemented by the design and manufacturing organization during the design and manufacturing process to meet the requirements of the quality management system and comply with applicable technical standards, technical regulations, and foreign technical regulations;

d) Requirement for additional or adjustment activities in design and manufacture when necessary to ensure quality in accordance with the required safety function; ensuring that all design changes or manufacturing adjustments are considered, assessed for their impact on safety functions, and approved according to regulations;

đ) Evaluation of inspection and testing results during the manufacturing process to meet design requirements and technical parameters;

e) Inspection of data storage, retrieval, and control of all related data, documents, drawings, modifications, and reports;

g) Inspection of equipment before transportation to the site and before installation to ensure that the equipment is undamaged and accompanied by all related documentation.

3. Methods of supervising design and manufacture of structures, systems, and components for the nuclear power plant include:

a) Reviewing design files and comparing and evaluating between the basic design and detailed design after basic design to ensure there is no deviation affecting safety; inspecting and evaluating quality files, technical design and manufacturing files;

b) Establishing a safety checklist to evaluate each critical structure, system, and component regarding safety; direct supervision at the manufacturing location;

c) Technical supervision and evaluation at each stage of manufacturing. In case of design changes between stages, independent assessments must be supplemented for the design changes; supervise factory release;

d) During supervision, all discrepancies must be recorded in a report, classified, evaluated for technical and safety impacts, and require corrective measures when necessary.

4. The National Radiation Safety and Nuclear Safety Agency shall organize independent supervision to ensure that design and manufacture comply with the contents specified in point a, Clause 2 of this Article, contents in the Safety Analysis Report which has been reviewed; complying with the requirements for radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security as stipulated by law.

5. The project owner is responsible for storing and managing design and manufacturing files, quality management documents of critical structures, systems, and components regarding radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security.

6. When conducting safety inspections during construction, the Ministry of Science and Technology has the right to request the project owner to provide documents and reports on the following contents:

a) The capability and professional qualifications of organizations and individuals responsible for construction and those responsible for construction supervision;

b) The acceptance time of the section to be inspected;

c) The construction and installation procedures and schedule of the section to be inspected;

d) Compliance with safety regulations for construction and installation.

7. Inspections are conducted periodically according to the annual plan, construction and installation schedules of important safety sections, and on an ad hoc basis as required by authorized agencies.

8. Suspension and temporary cessation of construction:

a) The Ministry of Science and Technology, in collaboration with the Ministry of Industry and Trade, shall suspend or temporarily cease construction and installation of the nuclear power plant sections when discovering non-compliance with the design or factors causing loss of radiation safety, nuclear safety, and shall bear legal responsibility for their decisions;

b) The project owner shall prepare a report explaining the situation and propose measures to ensure full compliance with radiation safety, nuclear safety regulations, submit to the National Radiation Safety and Nuclear Safety Agency for review, and present to the Ministry of Science and Technology for consideration and decision. The decision review period shall not exceed fifteen working days;

c) For other sections, suspension and temporary cessation shall be carried out in accordance with relevant laws;

d) The project owner may only resume construction and installation of suspended sections after obtaining permission from the authorized agency;

đ) Suspension, temporary cessation, and resumption of construction must be immediately reported to the Prime Minister.

Chapter IV
TESTING AND OPERATING THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT UNIT

OPERATING THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

Section 1
TESTING AND OPERATING THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT UNIT

Article 30. General requirements for the trial operation of nuclear power units

1. The trial operation of nuclear power units aims to verify the actual technical characteristics in accordance with the design, ensure safe and stable operational systems, and meet radiation safety and nuclear safety requirements.

2. The investor must establish a trial operation program, including inspection and testing of all structures, systems, and components related to safety to ensure safe operation according to the design. The trial operation program must have clear objectives, contents, and methods, ensuring that relevant personnel can easily understand and implement it.

3. The trial operation must comply with the following requirements:

a) Fully conduct tests according to the approved trial operation program;

b) Proceed from the non-fuelled test phase to the fuelled trial operation phase; from individual tests to integrated system and full unit tests;

c) Conduct tests according to a schedule appropriate to the increasing levels of technical requirements and operating conditions;

d) Include technical stop points in the trial operation program to evaluate the results of each phase before moving on to the next phase;

đ) Ensure that personnel involved in operation, maintenance, and technical support are adequately trained;

e) Adhere to quality management systems;

g) Not conduct any tests not analyzed and evaluated for safety for the fuelled trial operation phase; or outside the scope considered in the safety analysis report; or pose a risk of damaging the nuclear power plant, affecting radiation safety, and nuclear safety;

h) For structures, systems, and components shared among multiple nuclear power units, testing must be conducted to demonstrate compliance with performance requirements according to the design and under accident conditions for each unit and during joint operation of all units;

i) For sites with multiple units, measures must be taken to ensure that the trial operation of one unit does not affect the safety of other operating units, including measures to ensure adequate communication.

4. All adjustments related to safety arising during the trial operation must be added to the design-technical files, safety analysis reports, technical documents, and nuclear power plant operation documents.

5. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on safety requirements for the trial operation of nuclear power plants.

Article 31. Testing without nuclear fuel

1. The investor is responsible for submitting one set of paper documents (in Vietnamese and English) along with the electronic version of the application for approval of the trial operation program of the nuclear power unit directly to the Ministry of Science and Technology or through public postal services. In case of discrepancies between the paper documents and the electronic version, the content of the paper documents has the final legal validity.

2. The documents shall include:

a) Application for approval of the trial operation program;

b) Trial operation program, which includes all tests conducted during the non-fuelled test phase;

c) Documentation describing the quality management system during the trial operation phase;

d) Description of the capabilities of the organization conducting the trial operation.

3. The Ministry of Science and Technology organizes the review of the application for approval of the trial operation program to ensure the following requirements:

a) Verify compliance with the requirements stipulated in Clause 3 of Article 30 of this Decree for the trial operation program during the non-fuelled test phase;

b) Verify compliance with foreign standards, norms, and technical regulations applied;

c) Review and assess the capability documentation of the organization conducting the trial operation.

4. Review procedures and processes:

a) Within 15 working days from the date of receiving the documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for checking the completeness and validity of the documents and notifying in writing any required modifications or supplements if the documents are incomplete or invalid;

b) If no foreign technical consultancy is hired, the Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for leading and coordinating with relevant ministries, sectors, and agencies to complete the review of the application for approval of the trial operation program of the nuclear power unit within six months from the date of receiving the complete valid documents;

c) If foreign technical consultancy is hired, the review period starts from the date of signing the consultancy contract but not exceeding six months. The signing of the consultancy contract must be completed within six months from the date of receiving the complete valid documents. If the deadline expires without signing the technical consultancy contract (if applicable), the Minister of Science and Technology shall report to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision on extending the contract signing period and corresponding review time;

d) The review periods specified in points b and c of this clause do not include the necessary time for modifying and supplementing the documents according to the requirements of the reviewing authority;

đ) The investor is responsible for completing the dossier in accordance with the examination conclusions within two months;

e) Within one month from the date of receiving the complete documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology will review, confirm, and approve the trial operation program of the nuclear power unit; if not approved, a written explanation of the reasons must be sent to the investor.

6. During the review process, the Ministry of Science and Technology has the right to:

a) To request the investor, organizations, and individuals involved to provide information and explanations for the examination work when necessary;

b) To hire domestic and foreign organizations and individuals with sufficient capacity and experience to provide technical consultancy support to perform part or all of the tasks serving the examination work;

6. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for delivering the results of processing the application for approval of the nuclear power plant operation test program directly at the Ministry of Science and Technology's office or through public postal services; in cases where approval is not granted, a document specifying the reasons must be sent to the project investor.

7. After completing the non-fuelled test phase, the investor is responsible for preparing a report on the results of the non-fuelled test, which should reflect compliance with the following requirements:

a) Structures, systems, and components meeting design requirements for individual and integrated tests.

b) Measuring and control devices verified for their operational capability under operating conditions;

c) Deviations from design must be recorded and appropriate measures taken to ensure that they do not affect safety conditions.

8. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on the content of the trial operation program; the sequence and procedures for adjusting the trial operation program; the content of the report on the results of testing without nuclear fuel.

Article 32. Trial Operation with Nuclear Fuel

1. The project sponsor is responsible for submitting one set of paper documents (in Vietnamese and English), accompanied by an electronic version of the application for a trial operation permit directly to the Ministry of Science and Technology or through public postal services. In case of discrepancies between the paper documents and the electronic version, the content of the paper documents shall have ultimate legal validity.

2. The documents shall include:

a) Application for a trial operation permit;

b) Report on the results of testing without nuclear fuel;

c) Updated safety analysis report for the trial operation phase;

d) Updated trial operation program for the trial operation phase with nuclear fuel;

đ) Radiation monitoring program for the environment;

e) Documentation describing the quality management system for the trial operation phase with nuclear fuel;

g) Updated description of the capabilities of the organization conducting the trial operation;

h) Operating instructions, descriptions of operational limits and conditions;

i) Emergency response plan for radiation incidents and nuclear facility accidents;

k) Updated security assurance plan for the trial operation phase;

l) Regulations on training, development, and utilization of trial operation personnel;

m) Environmental permit in accordance with environmental protection laws.

3. Contents of the review:

a) Verify the completeness, consistency, and clarity of the documents in accordance with Clause 2 of this Article;

b) Check compliance with the requirements stipulated in Clause 3 of Article 30 of this Decree regarding the trial operation program;

c) Evaluate the results of testing without nuclear fuel, determine the technical readiness level and organizational readiness for the trial operation phase with nuclear fuel;

d) Inspect the application and adherence to technical standards, specifications, and foreign technical regulations applicable to the project;

đ) Assess compliance with requirements concerning: radiation safety, nuclear safety throughout the trial operation period; emergency response plans for radiation incidents and nuclear accidents according to approved plans; environmental radiation monitoring; nuclear security assurance at appropriate levels;

e) Evaluate the capabilities of the organization conducting the trial operation in terms of human resources, quality management systems, equipment, and facilities, ensuring compliance with safety requirements.

4. Review procedures and processes:

a) Within 15 working days from the date of receiving the documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for checking the completeness and validity of the documents and notifying in writing any required modifications or supplements if the documents are incomplete or invalid;

b) In cases where foreign technical consultancy support is not hired, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for leading and coordinating with relevant ministries, sectors, and agencies to complete the review of the application for a trial operation permit for the nuclear power unit within 18 months from the date of receiving all valid documents;

c) In cases where foreign technical consultancy services are hired, the examination period shall commence from the date of signing the consultancy service contract but shall not exceed eighteen months. The signing of the consultancy service contract must be completed within six months from the date of receiving a complete and valid dossier. If the consultancy service contract cannot be signed within the prescribed time limit, the Minister of Science and Technology shall report to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision regarding the extension of the contract signing period and the corresponding examination period;

d) The review periods specified in points b and c of this clause do not include the necessary time for modifying and supplementing the documents according to the requirements of the reviewing authority;

đ) The investor is responsible for completing the dossier in accordance with the examination conclusions within two months;

e) Within no more than one month from the date of receipt of complete documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall review, confirm, and issue a trial operation permit for the nuclear power unit; if the permit is not issued, a written explanation of the reasons must be sent to the project sponsor.

6. During the review process, the Ministry of Science and Technology has the right to:

a) To request the investor, organizations, and individuals involved to provide information and explanations for the examination work when necessary;

b) To hire domestic and foreign organizations and individuals with sufficient capacity and experience to provide technical consultancy support to perform part or all of the tasks serving the examination work;

6. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for delivering the results of processing the application for a trial operation permit for the nuclear power unit directly to the project sponsor at the ministry's headquarters or through public postal services; if the permit is not granted, a written explanation of the reasons must be sent to the project sponsor.

7. The project sponsor and the operating organization may only proceed with fuel loading into the reactor core after obtaining a trial operation permit.

8. After completing the trial operation phase, the project sponsor shall prepare an updated report on the trial operation results based on the report on the results of testing without nuclear fuel, including the following contents:

a) Introduction section;

b) Reference materials related to the trial operation process;

c) Description of the method and summary of the objectives of each test;

d) Description of the trial operation process, including the initial and final states of the plant, actual limits encountered, incidents occurred and corrective actions taken, including any modifications to the design or trial operation process;

đ) Brief description of any special test equipment used;

e) Detailed data tables with expected values and graphs of obtained test data;

g) Summary and analysis of the obtained data; evaluation of the results through acceptance criteria;

h) Conclusions;

i) Identification, cross-referencing to related documents, and distribution list of recipients of the report.

9. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on:

a) Content of the report on trial operation results;

b) Procedures and processes for revoking, amending, extending the trial operation permit for the nuclear power unit, and temporarily suspending trial operation activities of the nuclear power unit.

Article 33. Supervision of radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security during trial operation

1. Responsibilities for supervision of the national radiation and nuclear safety agency:

a) Inspect and supervise the trial operation process to ensure compliance with the approved trial operation program; ensure compliance with legal provisions on radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security;

b) Conduct monitoring and evaluate the implementation of testing of structures, systems, components related to safety, particularly integrated tests, fuel loading tests, and pre-limit safety verifications;

c) Independently check and assess the level of radioactive emissions, radiation dose control, and safety measures throughout the trial operation process;

d) Review trial operation reports and evaluate results;

đ) Prepare monthly supervision reports to be submitted to the Ministry of Science and Technology.

2. Contents of supervision:

a) Ensure verification of design requirements being met, detect deviations (if any) that may affect the safe operation of the nuclear power plant;

b) Ensure that testing does not cause risks of loss of nuclear safety, does not exceed operational limits and conditions, and is consistent with applicable safety standards.

3. Suspension of trial operation of nuclear power units:

a) Trial operation may be suspended in the following cases: serious violations of safety regulations during trial operation are discovered; non-compliance with approved operational conditions and limits; the project owner or trial operator does not conduct trial operation within 12 months from the date of issuance of the trial operation permit; serious situations arise requiring a comprehensive review of the entire trial operation process;

b) The Ministry of Science and Technology has the authority to issue decisions to suspend trial operations.

4. The project owner and trial operator have the responsibility to prepare explanatory reports and propose measures to ensure full compliance with radiation safety, nuclear safety regulations, and submit them to the Ministry of Science and Technology for review.

5. Within 30 working days from the date of receipt of the explanatory report, the Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for reviewing and notifying the results to the project owner and trial operator. Construction can only continue after receiving approval documentation from the Ministry of Science and Technology.

6. The Minister of Science and Technology shall specify detailed procedures and processes for suspending and resuming trial operations of nuclear power units.

Article 34. Responsibilities of the Project Owner During Trial Operation

1. In case the project owner conducts the trial operation themselves:

a) The project owner is responsible for implementing the trial operation, ensuring compliance with the approved trial operation program;

b) Monitor the trial operation process, collect data, and evaluate the system's compliance with design requirements;

c) Prepare a report on the trial operation results and submit it to the Ministry of Science and Technology for review.

2. In case the trial operation is conducted by the technology contractor:

a) The contractor is responsible for implementing the trial operation according to the contract and the approved trial operation program;

b) The project owner monitors the trial operation process of the contractor, specifically: monitor the entire calibration and testing process of each system, system integration, and overall testing of the nuclear power unit; collect, record, and analyze operational data, ensuring systems operate according to design; prepare periodic monitoring result reports and submit them to the Ministry of Science and Technology; promptly propose corrective measures if any abnormalities or safety deviations are detected.

Section 2
OPERATING THE NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

Article 35. General Requirements for Operating Nuclear Power Plants

1. The operation of nuclear power plants must ensure radiation safety, nuclear safety, nuclear security, and environmental protection as the top priority; it must guarantee that the benefits of operational activities outweigh potential risks to people, society, and the environment.

2. Apply the principle of deep defense with multiple independent and complementary levels to maintain the ability to perform safety functions in all operating states of nuclear power plants.

3. The operating organization shall be fully responsible for safety and security during the operation; all operational decisions must be based on safety analysis and comply with the operational limits and conditions approved by the competent authority.

4. Operational activities must be linked to maintaining and developing a safety culture and a security culture; ensuring that personnel at all levels fully understand and strictly fulfill their responsibilities and authorities.

5. Maintain readiness to respond to incidents and ensure the capability to implement radiation incident response plans, nuclear incident response plans, and nuclear security assurance plans, effectively coordinating with state management agencies, local authorities, and emergency response forces.

6. Continuously monitor and comprehensively evaluate the status of safety, security, and environmental impact; promptly apply appropriate improvement measures in line with scientific and technological progress and operational experience both domestically and internationally.

Article 36. Documents for Applying for Operation Permit of Nuclear Power Plant

1. The operating organization is responsible for submitting one set of paper documents (in Vietnamese and English) along with the electronic version of the application for the operation permit of the nuclear power plant directly to the Ministry of Science and Technology or through public postal services. In case of discrepancies between the paper documents and the electronic version, the content of the paper documents shall have final legal validity.

2. The application for the operation permit includes:

a) Application for the Operation Permit of the Nuclear Power Plant;

b) Report on Safety Analysis during the Operation Phase;

c) Updated Operating Limits and Conditions, Procedures, and Operating Guidelines;

d) Report on the Results of the Test Operation as stipulated in Clause 8, Article 32 of this Decree; acceptance records and confirmation of completion of construction and installation according to the approved design;

đ) Documentation describing the quality management system applied during the operation phase;

e) Updated Radiation Incident Response Plan and Nuclear Incident Response Plan;

g) Nuclear Security Assurance Plan during the operation phase;

h) Fuel Replacement Plan (if applicable) and Operation Program;

i) Preliminary Shutdown Plan as stipulated in Clause 3, Article 43 of this Decree;

k) Material Accounting Audit Plan;

l) Documentation proving financial assurance measures to fulfill legal obligations throughout the operation and shutdown phases;

m) Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair Program for critical structures, systems, and components regarding safety;

n) Environmental Radiation Monitoring Program;

o) Aging Management Program;

p) Recruitment, Training, Development, and Utilization Regulations for Operating Personnel;

q) Severe Incident Management Guidelines;

r) Other relevant documents related to the assessment of safe operation of the nuclear power plant.

3. Contents of the review:

a) Comprehensive evaluation of the level of compliance with radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security requirements of the nuclear power plant as prescribed by laws, technical standards, and foreign technical regulations;

b) Determination of the completeness, validity, and consistency of the document components as prescribed in Clause 2 of this Article;

c) Verification of the consistency between the content of the report on safety analysis during the operation phase and the design conditions, test operation results, and approved technical requirements;

d) Evaluation of the operation program, fuel replacement plan, and shutdown plan regarding feasibility, safety, and comprehensive control throughout the lifecycle of the nuclear power unit;

đ) Verification of the completeness and effectiveness of the quality management system during operation, the ability to maintain compliance with procedures and handle deviations under actual conditions;

e) Evaluation of the updated incident response plan and security assurance plan to ensure compliance with preventive and response requirements in all possible situations during operation.

4. Review procedures and processes:

a) Within 15 working days from the date of receiving the documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for checking the completeness and validity of the documents and notifying in writing any required modifications or supplements if the documents are incomplete or invalid;

b) In cases where foreign technical consultancy support is not hired, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for leading and coordinating with relevant ministries, sectors, and agencies to complete the assessment of the application for the operation permit of the nuclear power plant within twelve months from the date of receiving the complete and valid documents;

c) In cases where foreign technical consultancy support is hired, the assessment period shall be calculated from the date of signing the consultancy contract but shall not exceed twelve months. The signing of the consultancy contract must be completed within six months from the date of receiving the complete and valid documents. If the consultancy contract cannot be signed within the specified period, the Minister of Science and Technology shall report to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision on extending the contract signing period and the corresponding assessment period;

d) The review periods specified in points b and c of this clause do not include the necessary time for modifying and supplementing the documents according to the requirements of the reviewing authority;

đ) The investor is responsible for completing the dossier in accordance with the examination conclusions within two months;

e) Within one month from the date of receiving the complete documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall review, confirm, and issue the operation permit for the nuclear power plant; if the permit is not issued, a written explanation of the reasons must be sent to the project investor.

6. During the review process, the Ministry of Science and Technology has the right to:

a) To request the investor, organizations, and individuals involved to provide information and explanations for the examination work when necessary;

b) Hiring domestic and foreign organizations and individuals with sufficient capacity and experience to provide partial or full technical consultancy support for the assessment.

6. The Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for delivering the result of processing the application for the operation permit of the nuclear power plant directly to the project investor at the Ministry's headquarters or through public postal services; in cases where the permit is not granted, a written explanation of the reasons must be sent to the operating organization.

7. The Minister of Science and Technology shall specify in detail:

a) Radiation safety and nuclear safety requirements for the operation of nuclear power plants;

b) Contents of the components of the application for the operation permit of the nuclear power plant.

c) The procedures and processes for revoking, amending, and extending the operating permit for nuclear power plants.

Article 37. Responsibilities of the operating organization and the head of the operating organization in the operation of nuclear power plants

1. The head of the operating organization shall be responsible for ensuring the highest level of radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security, with specific responsibilities as follows:

a) Establishing organizational structures and internal management mechanisms to ensure effective implementation of nuclear safety and security work; clearly assigning responsibilities and authorities to each department and individual; establishing independent oversight points reporting directly to the head;

b) Approving operational regulations, decision-making procedures, and internal independent oversight mechanisms; overall plans for safety and security of nuclear power plants, including: plans to ensure safety in design, construction, operation, and decommissioning; emergency response plans; security assurance plans and coordination with external forces;

c) Allocating and ensuring financial, human, material, and technical resources to fully implement quality management programs, employee training, environmental radiation monitoring, emergency response, and nuclear security assurance;

d) Issuing regulations, maintaining, and promoting a culture of safety and nuclear security; establishing incentive and disciplinary mechanisms related to employees' behavior in ensuring safety and security, aiming to maintain operational discipline and prevent concealment or overlooking safety violations;

đ) Fulfilling other responsibilities as prescribed by atomic energy laws and other relevant laws;

2. Responsibilities of the nuclear power plant operating organization:

a) Strictly adhering to approved operational limits and conditions; immediately implementing corrective measures when there are deviations or violations of operational limits and conditions, and reporting to the competent authority within the prescribed time limit;

b) Developing, implementing, and updating operational and maintenance procedures consistent with technical standards, technical regulations, foreign technical requirements applied, and specific conditions of the nuclear power plant;

c) Building, maintaining, and improving safety management systems and quality assurance systems to ensure all activities comply with safety requirements and are effective;

d) Implementing measures to ensure nuclear security, including: preventing unauthorized access and intrusion; protecting systems from destructive actions; safeguarding control and information systems from destructive acts and cyber attacks; developing emergency response plans, coordinating with state management agencies and local authorities; conducting regular security inspections, evaluations, training, and drills to enhance emergency response and handling capabilities;

đ) Building and maintaining a safety and security culture, ensuring that all personnel fully understand their responsibility in maintaining nuclear safety and security, including:

Encouraging employees to proactively report issues related to safety and security; enhancing personal awareness of responsibility and role in maintaining nuclear safety and security;

Enhancing awareness of security, information protection, and protection of critical systems;

Implementing training, development, and enhancement programs to improve compliance with procedures;

Strengthening supervision and evaluation to continuously improve the safety system;

e) Inspecting and supervising compliance with laws and internal procedures, organizing annual internal assessments at least once a year on radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security;

g) Ensuring that the workforce meets the following professional standards and capabilities: receiving specialized training and obtaining appropriate certification; meeting the requirements for professional qualifications and experience as stipulated; undergoing regular refresher training to enhance skills and emergency response capabilities.

Article 38. Environmental Radiation Monitoring

1. Contents of environmental radiation monitoring:

a) Measuring and supervising radiation levels in air, surface water, groundwater, soil, food, and ecosystems in the vicinity of nuclear power plants;

b) Checking the level of radioactive emissions from nuclear power plants into the environment, including radioactive gases, radioactive substances in wastewater, and radioactive dust;

c) Monitoring natural background radiation levels and the impact of nuclear power plant operations on natural background radiation;

d) Assessing the impact of environmental factors affecting the dispersion of radiation;

đ) Conducting special radiation monitoring in particular situations such as after incidents, major maintenance, or when there are unusual signs;

2. Responsibilities of the operating organization:

a) Establishing and operating an environmental radiation monitoring system in accordance with regulations to ensure continuous measurement and supervision of radiation parameters;

b) Carrying out regular and special monitoring as required to ensure the assessment of the impact of radioactive emissions under normal operation conditions and hypothetical incident scenarios;

c) Reporting monitoring results to the Ministry of Science and Technology and the national radiation safety and nuclear agency periodically at the prescribed frequency and immediately upon detecting abnormal radiation levels exceeding control limits;

d) Storing monitoring data, ensuring integrity, retrievability, and providing information when requested by competent authorities;

đ) Cooperating with relevant agencies in testing and calibrating monitoring equipment according to national and international technical standards;

e) Building an online monitoring system to ensure real-time data updates;

3. Responsibilities of the Ministry of Science and Technology:

a) Supervising and inspecting the implementation of environmental radiation monitoring by the operating organization;

b) Conducting independent environmental radiation monitoring to ensure objectivity in assessing the impact of nuclear power plants on the environment;

c) Receiving, compiling monitoring data, evaluating environmental radiation levels, and directing the implementation of response measures if necessary;

d) Publicizing monitoring results on the electronic portal and the national environmental monitoring system, ensuring transparency regarding environmental radiation levels;

4. Requirements for the environmental radiation monitoring system:

a) Designed, installed, and operated to ensure the ability to continuously measure radiation levels in air, water, soil, and food in the vicinity of the plant;

b) Ensuring the capability to detect and provide early warnings of radiation abnormalities, connecting with the national environmental radiation monitoring and warning system;

c) Regularly testing and calibrating measuring equipment to ensure the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data;

d) Deploying an online monitoring system to automatically collect and transmit real-time data to state management agencies and related units;

5. The Minister of Science and Technology shall specify detailed provisions on the environmental radiation monitoring system for nuclear power plants;

Article 39. Report on the Current Safety Status of Nuclear Power Plants

1. The operating organization must prepare and submit an annual report on the current safety status or as required to the Ministry of Science and Technology, the national radiation safety and nuclear agency, and the People's Committee of the province where the nuclear power plant is located;

2. The report on the current safety status includes the following contents:

a) Compliance with conditions stated in the permit;

b) Changes from the permit application file;

c) Events leading to reactor shutdown, radiation incidents, nuclear incidents (if any), and remedial measures;

d) Monitoring results, radiation doses, maintenance, and major repair activities;

đ) Other contents as required by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the national radiation safety and nuclear agency.

Article 40. Ten-Year Comprehensive Report

1. The ten-year comprehensive report aims to review, update, and comprehensively assess the level of compliance with radiation safety, nuclear safety, and nuclear security requirements for nuclear power plants during operation, while identifying necessary measures to maintain or enhance safety levels.

2. The project investor must prepare and submit the ten-year comprehensive report or the overall safety assessment report as required by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the national radiation and nuclear safety agency. In cases where the nuclear power plant plans to extend its operating period, the overall safety assessment report must be prepared and approved before issuing the decision on extension.

3. The ten-year comprehensive report must include the following main contents:

a) Evaluation of the design basis, current status of structures, systems, and components, their ability to perform safety functions, as well as their compliance with legal requirements, standards, and current technical conditions;

b) Assessment of the impact of environmental conditions, equipment aging, load-bearing capacity under adverse conditions and accidents, including deterministic safety analysis and probabilistic safety analysis, as well as actual operating conditions and operational readiness;

c) Analysis of internal and external hazards caused by natural or human factors that may affect plant safety, including natural disasters, technical accidents, collisions, explosions, and intentional acts;

d) Evaluation of the effectiveness of operational programs, maintenance, equipment life management, technology upgrades, radioactive waste management, and spent nuclear fuel management;

đ) Evaluation of organizational management, personnel, training programs, human factors, and safety culture in plant operations;

e) Evaluation of emergency response plans and capabilities, including the effectiveness of emergency response programs and coordination with relevant agencies;

g) Assessment of radiation impacts on people and the environment under normal and accident conditions;

h) Summary of conclusions and recommendations for improvement, modification, or upgrade measures to ensure equivalent or higher safety levels in the next operating cycle; in cases where the plant is preparing to cease operations, the report must evaluate safe shutdown capability and the readiness of the decommissioning plan;

i) Other contents as prescribed by atomic energy laws;

4. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on the content of the ten-year comprehensive report.

Article 41. Monitoring of Radiation Safety, Nuclear Safety, and Nuclear Security During Nuclear Power Plant Operation

The monitoring includes:

1. Compliance with regulations ensuring safety during nuclear power plant operation.

2. Implementation of maintenance, repair, and periodic testing of critical safety systems.

3. Assurance of radiation safety for radiation workers, the public, and the environment.

4. Implementation of radiation and nuclear accident emergency response plans.

5. Implementation of nuclear security protection measures, access control, and prevention of unauthorized intrusion.

6. Inspection of compliance with radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel management plans.

7. Continuous evaluation of plant safety based on real-time data, including radiation monitoring information, safety system status, maintenance inspection results, and important operational indicators.

8. Supervision of implementation of corrective measures following abnormal events, accidents, or previous inspection conclusions.

9. Inspection of compliance with operating conditions and limits according to the nuclear power plant operating license.

10. Other contents as prescribed by law.

Article 42. Upgrading and Renovation of Nuclear Power Plants

1. Upgrading and renovation of nuclear power plants include all temporary or permanent changes to the plant configuration, including design, structure, systems, components, software, operating procedures, operational limits and conditions; as well as organizational changes (organizational structure, personnel), excluding maintenance and repair activities within the scope of maintenance and upkeep operations.

2. Management of upgrading and renovation must comply with the following principles:

a) All upgrades and renovations must be identified, classified, evaluated, approved, and managed according to their level of safety importance, ensuring that they do not affect the safety, security, and environmental protection levels compared to the design and licensing documentation. Significant safety upgrades and renovations must obtain approval from the competent authority before implementation;

b) Safety-related upgrades and renovations must be carried out through a unified process, including proposal, safety assessment, approval, implementation, testing, acceptance, and updating relevant documentation;

c) Temporary upgrades and renovations can only be applied for limited periods, must be strictly controlled, clearly marked, reported periodically, and cannot substitute for permanent modifications;

d) All upgrades and renovations must ensure consistency between design, reality, and documentation. Documentation on modifications and renovations must be complete, retrievable, and controlled throughout the nuclear power plant's lifecycle.

3. Responsibilities of the Operating Organization:

a) Establish and maintain an upgrade and renovation management program, clearly define responsibilities, and ensure professional capacity to assess, approve, and monitor all upgrades and renovations;

b) Classify upgrades and renovations according to their safety significance; submit application documents to the competent authority for approval of significant safety upgrades and renovations and any changes to operational conditions and limits;

c) Conduct independent safety assessments, store complete documentation, update materials, procedures, training programs, and simulations before operation;

d) Manage and supervise contractors involved in upgrades and renovations, ensuring compliance with safety, security, and quality requirements.

4. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on upgrading and renovating nuclear power plants; the procedures for approving significant safety upgrades and renovations.

Chapter V
TERMINATION OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT OPERATIONS

Article 43. Plan for Terminating Operations of Nuclear Power Plants

1. The plan for terminating operations of nuclear power plants must have appropriate levels of detail for each stage; it must be considered from the design phase and updated throughout the nuclear power plant's lifecycle.

2. The contents of the termination plan include:

a) General Introduction: A general description of the nuclear power plant; common information about the licensed organization and permits;

b) Description of Location and Nuclear Power Plant: Common information about the construction site of the nuclear power plant; information about the nuclear power plant, including structures, systems, and components; history of plant operation, including events during operation; radioactive characteristics at the plant and surrounding areas; relationships among facilities at the same location;

c) Dismantling Strategy: An overall dismantling strategy in cases where the site includes multiple units; selected dismantling strategy and rationale for choosing the strategy;

d) Management System During Termination and Dismantling: Organizational structure, responsibilities, and authorities of the facility; safety management policies during termination and dismantling; information about related parties involved; management and retention of documentation;

đ) Implementation of Dismantling Activities: Information about implementation phases and schedules; descriptions of dismantling methods and techniques, decontamination; monitoring and maintenance activities;

e) Radioactive Waste Management: Identification, classification, and handling plans for radioactive waste;

g) Financial Resources: Cost estimates and evaluation of available financial resources; information on financial allocation for terminating nuclear power plant operations;

h) Radiation Safety Protection;

i) Safety Assessment;

k) Environmental Impact Assessment of Radiation and Radiation Exposure;

l) Emergency Response Plans;

m) Physical Protection and Control of Nuclear Materials;

n) Post-Dismantling Site Survey.

3. The preliminary termination plan must meet the following requirements:

a) Include comprehensive assessments of termination based on the chosen termination strategy, considering design conditions and operational experience, final expected status, major dismantling activities, and fundamental safety issues;

b) Anticipate major activities; methods for managing radioactive waste and preliminary estimates of radioactive waste quantities;

c) Provide basis for estimating termination costs;

d) Provide information on financing methods for termination;

đ) Demonstrate that the dismantling process can be safely executed.

4. The Minister of Science and Technology shall provide detailed regulations on the content of the plan for terminating operations of nuclear power plants.

Article 44. Procedures and Formalities for Issuing a Permit to Cease Operations of a Nuclear Power Plant

1. The organization with a nuclear power plant shall be responsible for submitting one set of paper documents (in Vietnamese and English) along with the electronic version of the application for a permit to cease operations of the nuclear power plant directly at the Ministry of Science and Technology or through public postal services. In case there is a discrepancy between the paper documents and the electronic version, the content of the paper documents shall have final legal validity.

2. The documents shall include:

a) Application for a permit to cease operations of a nuclear power plant;

b) Plan for ceasing operations as stipulated in Clause 3 of Article 43 of this Decree;

c) Safety assessment report during the cessation phase as stipulated in Clause 3 of this Article;

d) Documentation describing the quality management system during the dismantling phase of the plant;

đ) Environmental impact assessment report in accordance with environmental protection laws;

3. The safety assessment report during the cessation phase of a nuclear power plant shall include the following contents:

a) Overview of the cessation plan and the final status of the nuclear power plant under consideration;

b) Legal basis, objectives, requirements, and safety criteria;

c) Description of the nuclear power plant, activities carried out, hazardous materials, and systems, structures, and components related to safety;

d) Identification and analysis of potential accident scenarios, including causes, likelihood, and consequences of accidents;

đ) Assessment of potential impacts on people and the environment from dismantling activities and accident scenarios;

e) Evaluation of results and determination of control measures; including setting limits and justifying risk reduction measures;

g) Administrative measures and management programs necessary to ensure safety; description of the impact of preventive measures to reduce the likelihood or mitigate the consequences of accidents;

h) Summary of results and conclusions regarding the level of compliance with safety requirements of the cessation plan;

4. Review procedures and processes:

a) Within 15 working days from the date of receiving the documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology is responsible for checking the completeness and validity of the documents and notifying in writing any required modifications or supplements if the documents are incomplete or invalid;

b) In cases where foreign technical consultancy is not hired, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for leading and coordinating with relevant ministries, sectors, and agencies to complete the review of the application for a permit to cease operations of the nuclear power plant within twenty-four months from the date of receiving all valid documents;

c) In cases where foreign technical consultancy is hired, the review period shall be calculated from the date of signing the consultancy contract but shall not exceed twenty-four months. The signing of the consultancy contract must be completed within six months from the date of receiving all valid documents. If the consultancy contract cannot be signed within the prescribed time limit, the Minister of Science and Technology shall report to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision on extending the contract signing period and the corresponding review period;

d) The review periods specified in points b and c of this clause do not include the necessary time for modifying and supplementing the documents according to the requirements of the reviewing authority;

đ) The investor is responsible for completing the dossier in accordance with the examination conclusions within two months;

e) Within one month from the date of receiving complete documents, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall review, confirm, and issue a permit to cease operations of the nuclear power plant; if the permit is not issued, a written explanation of the reasons must be sent to the project investor;

6. During the review process, the Ministry of Science and Technology has the right to:

a) To request the investor, organizations, and individuals involved to provide information and explanations for the examination work when necessary;

b) Hiring domestic and foreign organizations and individuals with sufficient capacity and experience to provide partial or full technical consultancy support for the assessment.

6. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for delivering the result of processing the application for a permit to cease operations of the nuclear power plant directly at the Ministry of Science and Technology's headquarters or through public postal services; in cases where the permit is not granted, a written explanation of the reasons must be sent to the project investor;

7. The organization with a nuclear power plant shall bear all costs for dismantling and radioactive waste storage and disposal arising from the dismantling process;

8. The Ministry of Finance shall lead and coordinate with the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment to establish and submit to the Prime Minister for approval the financial obligations of the operating entity to ensure dismantling and the management method of financial resources for ceasing operations of the nuclear power plant;

9. The Minister of Science and Technology shall specify detailed safety requirements for ceasing operations of a nuclear power plant; contents of the safety assessment report during the cessation phase of a nuclear power plant; procedures and formalities for approving and adjusting decisions on the cessation plan of a nuclear power plant, procedures and formalities for amending the permit to cease operations of a nuclear power plant.

Article 45. Responsibilities of the Owner and Operating Organization in Terminating Operations

1. Update and supplement the plan for terminating operations of nuclear power plants established in previous stages.

2. Establish a quality management system for the decommissioning phase.

3. Prepare necessary safety assessment reports and environmental impact assessments for the decommissioning plan.

4. Notify the Ministry of Science and Technology before permanently ceasing operations of the plant.

5. Manage and carry out dismantling activities.

6. Establish and comply with regulations on safety, security, and environmental protection during dismantling.

7. Ensure human resources for the dismantling process.

8. Develop plans and be prepared to respond to incidents during the dismantling process.

9. Conduct final surveys to ensure compliance with the final status criteria specified in the decommissioning plan.

10. Ensure adequate financial resources for all phases of the dismantling process.

11. Store and submit records upon request from the Ministry of Science and Technology.

Article 46. Radiation Safety, Nuclear Safety, and Nuclear Security Supervision During Dismantling of Nuclear Power Plants

1. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall take the lead and coordinate with relevant agencies to supervise dismantling, decontamination, handling of nuclear fuel, nuclear equipment, radioactive waste, and has the authority to require organizations with nuclear power plants to temporarily halt or suspend dismantling when factors causing radiation safety, nuclear safety issues, or serious environmental impacts are discovered.

2. Organizations with nuclear power plants shall be responsible for preparing explanatory reports and proposing measures to ensure full compliance with radiation safety, nuclear safety, and environmental protection regulations, and submit them to the Ministry of Science and Technology for review.

3. Within thirty working days from the date of receipt of the explanatory report, the Ministry of Science and Technology shall be responsible for reviewing and notifying the results to the organization with the nuclear power plant. Dismantling may only continue after receiving approval documentation from the Ministry of Science and Technology.

4. The Minister of Science and Technology shall specify detailed procedures and processes for temporarily halting, suspending, and allowing continuation of dismantling of nuclear power plants.

Article 47. Recognition of Nuclear Power Plants Ending Operations

1. The owner of the nuclear power plant shall prepare a completion report of the dismantling process to submit to the Ministry of Science and Technology.

2. The Ministry of Science and Technology shall inspect the final state of the dismantled plant and issue a decision recognizing the nuclear power plant as having ended operations and released from safety assurance responsibilities.

3. The Minister of Science and Technology shall specify detailed procedures and processes for recognizing nuclear power plants ending operations.

Chapter VI
NUCLEAR POWER PLANT USING TECHNOLOGY

MODULAR SMALL REACTOR

Article 48. Policy for Investment and Construction of Nuclear Power Plants Using Modular Small Reactor Technology

1. Chủ đầu tư có trách nhiệm lập hồ sơ đề nghị quyết định, chấp thuận chủ trương đầu tư dự án đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ theo quy định tại khoản 1 Điều 12 Nghị định này và lập báo cáo nghiên cứu tiền khả thi đầu tư xây dựng theo quy định tại Điều 13 Nghị định này.

2. Trình tự thẩm định, quyết định chủ trương đầu tư dự án đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ tuân thủ quy định của pháp luật về đầu tư công, pháp luật về năng lượng nguyên tử và quy định khác của pháp luật có liên quan; trình tự thẩm định, chấp thuận chủ trương đầu tư dự án đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ tuân thủ quy định của pháp luật về đầu tư, pháp luật về năng lượng nguyên tử và quy định khác của pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 49. Địa điểm xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ

1. Việc khảo sát, đánh giá địa điểm xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ được thực hiện theo quy định tại Điều 14 Nghị định này. Việc giám sát hoạt động khảo sát, đánh giá địa điểm thực hiện theo quy định tại Điều 15 Nghị định này.

2. Việc phê duyệt địa điểm xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ tuân thủ quy định tại các điều từ Điều 16 đến Điều 20 Nghị định này trừ khoản 2 và khoản 3 Điều 19.

3. Trong thời hạn 12 tháng tính từ ngày tiếp nhận đầy đủ hồ sơ hợp lệ, Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ có trách nhiệm hoàn thành việc thẩm định hồ sơ. Trình tự, thủ tục phê duyệt địa điểm xây dựng thực hiện theo quy định tại Điều 20 Nghị định này.

4. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về yêu cầu an toàn đối với khảo sát, đánh giá địa điểm đối với nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ.

Điều 50. Thiết kế xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ

1. Yêu cầu chung về thiết kế và nguyên tắc thiết kế bảo đảm an toàn, an ninh hạt nhân tuân thủ quy định tại các khoản 1, 2, 3 Điều 8 Nghị định này.

2. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về yêu cầu an toàn đối với thiết kế nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ; yêu cầu đối với hệ thống bảo vệ thực thể.

Điều 51. Phê duyệt dự án đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ

Việc phê duyệt dự án đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ thực hiện theo quy định tại Điều 21, Điều 22 và Điều 23 Nghị định này.

Điều 52. Xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ

1. Việc xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ thực hiện theo quy định tại Điều 24 Nghị định này.

2. Chủ đầu tư có trách nhiệm lập hồ sơ đề nghị cấp giấy phép xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ theo quy định tại Điều 25 Nghị định này.

3. Nội dung thẩm định, thời hạn thẩm định, trả hồ sơ theo quy định tại Điều 26 Nghị định này.

4. Quyền và nghĩa vụ của chủ đầu tư trong quá trình thi công xây dựng, lắp đặt; điều kiện năng lực của tổ chức, cá nhân trong xây dựng và lắp đặt nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ theo quy định tại Điều 27 và Điều 28 Nghị định này.

5. Việc giám sát, kiểm tra an toàn trong quá trình thi công, chế tạo, lắp đặt đối với nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 29 Nghị định này.

6. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về yêu cầu an toàn bức xạ và an toàn hạt nhân đối với việc xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ.

Điều 53. Vận hành thử, vận hành nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ

1. Việc vận hành thử nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ thực hiện theo quy định tại các điều từ Điều 30 đến Điều 34 Nghị định này.

2. Việc vận hành nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ thực hiện theo quy định tại các điều từ Điều 35 đến Điều 42 Nghị định này.

3. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết:

a) Các yêu cầu an toàn đối với vận hành thử; nội dung chương trình vận hành thử; báo cáo kết quả vận hành thử nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ;

b) Các yêu cầu an toàn đối với vận hành nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ.

Điều 54. Chấm dứt hoạt động của nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ

1. Tổ chức có nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ có trách nhiệm sau đây:

a) Xây dựng kế hoạch chấm dứt hoạt động theo quy định tại Điều 43 Nghị định này và phù hợp với quy mô, mục đích và đặc điểm kỹ thuật của nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ;

b) Lập hồ sơ đề nghị chấm dứt hoạt động trình Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ theo quy định tại Điều 44 Nghị định này;

c) Tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 45 Nghị định này.

2. Trách nhiệm giám sát an toàn trong quá trình chấm dứt hoạt động nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 46 Nghị định này.

3. Việc công nhận nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ chấm dứt hoạt động theo quy định tại Điều 47 Nghị định này.

4. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về:

a) Yêu cầu an toàn đối với chấm dứt hoạt động nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ;

b) Nội dung kế hoạch chấm dứt hoạt động;

c) Nội dung báo cáo đánh giá an toàn giai đoạn chấm dứt hoạt động nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ lò phản ứng hạt nhân mô-đun nhỏ.

Chương VII
LÒ PHẢN ỨNG HẠT NHÂN NGHIÊN CỨU

Điều 55. Chủ trương đầu tư xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu 

1. Chủ đầu tư có trách nhiệm lập hồ sơ đề nghị quyết định, chấp thuận chủ trương đầu tư dự án đầu tư xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu theo quy định tại khoản 1 Điều 12 Nghị định này.

2. Tùy thuộc vào nguồn vốn đầu tư, báo cáo nghiên cứu tiền khả thi đầu tư xây dựng, báo cáo đề xuất chủ trương đầu tư được lập theo quy định của pháp luật về xây dựng, pháp luật về đầu tư, pháp luật về đầu tư công, đồng thời phải bao gồm các nội dung sau đây: 

a) Dự kiến quy mô đầu tư: công suất, diện tích xây dựng; các hạng mục công trình có liên quan;

b) Dự kiến về địa điểm xây dựng; đánh giá sơ bộ tính phù hợp của địa điểm bao gồm: đứt gãy, động đất, núi lửa; địa kỹ thuật và nền móng; khí tượng cực đoan; ngập lụt; ảnh hưởng đối với lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu do hoạt động của con người gây ra; ảnh hưởng của bức xạ đối với cộng đồng dân cư; nguồn nước làm mát và điện cấp cho hoạt động của lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu; 

c) Đánh giá sơ bộ tác động phóng xạ, nhận dạng các loại chất thải phóng xạ phát sinh, dự báo mức độ phát thải trong điều kiện vận hành và khi xảy ra sự cố trên cơ sở quy mô, công nghệ và địa điểm thực hiện dự án; nhận diện các yếu tố môi trường nhạy cảm trong vùng chịu tác động bức xạ; xây dựng các biện pháp giảm thiểu tác động môi trường;

d) Phân tích, lựa chọn sơ bộ về công nghệ, thông số kỹ thuật; vấn đề bảo đảm an toàn bức xạ, an toàn hạt nhân và an ninh hạt nhân; ứng phó sự cố bức xạ, sự cố hạt nhân; quản lý chất thải phóng xạ và nhiên liệu hạt nhân đã qua sử dụng; phòng, chống cháy nổ; an ninh, quốc phòng;

đ) Thiết kế sơ bộ bao gồm thuyết minh và bản vẽ về vị trí xây dựng, sơ bộ tổng mặt bằng và các hạng mục quan trọng về an toàn, dây chuyền công nghệ, bao gồm: xác định các tham số đầu vào cho thiết kế về động đất trong cơ sở thiết kế, mức lũ lụt lớn nhất, giá trị cực trị của các điều kiện khí tượng; đề xuất cấu hình sơ bộ của lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu phù hợp với địa điểm và vùng lập kế hoạch khẩn cấp;

e) Phương án bảo đảm nguồn lực về an toàn bức xạ và hạt nhân;

g) Những kiến nghị khi xem xét, quyết định chủ trương đầu tư lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu (nếu có).

3. Trình tự thẩm định, quyết định chủ trương đầu tư dự án đầu tư xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu tuân thủ quy định của pháp luật về đầu tư công, pháp luật về năng lượng nguyên tử và quy định khác của pháp luật có liên quan; trình tự thẩm định, chấp thuận chủ trương đầu tư dự án đầu tư xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu tuân thủ quy định của pháp luật về đầu tư, pháp luật về năng lượng nguyên tử và quy định khác của pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 56. Địa điểm xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu

Đối với địa điểm xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu, thực hiện các quy định sau đây:

1. Việc khảo sát, đánh giá địa điểm quy định tại Điều 14 Nghị định này. Việc giám sát hoạt động khảo sát, đánh giá địa điểm quy định tại Điều 15 Nghị định này.

2. Báo cáo tổng quan về lựa chọn địa điểm quy định tại Điều 16 trừ điểm h khoản 1 Nghị định này.

3. Hồ sơ đề nghị phê duyệt địa điểm quy định tại Điều 17 trừ điểm g khoản 2 Nghị định này.

4. Nội dung thẩm định địa điểm quy định tại Điều 18 Nghị định này.

5. Trình tự, thủ tục thẩm định hồ sơ đề nghị phê duyệt địa điểm quy định tại Điều 19 Nghị định này; trừ thời hạn thẩm định được quy định là không quá 12 tháng.

6. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ có trách nhiệm phê duyệt hoặc ra quyết định từ chối phê duyệt địa điểm xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

7. Thời hạn hiệu lực của quyết định phê duyệt địa điểm là 20 năm và được điều chỉnh khi có thay đổi đáng kể ảnh hưởng đến an toàn, môi trường hoặc các yếu tố quan trọng khác.

8. Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ có trách nhiệm trả kết quả xử lý hồ sơ đề nghị phê duyệt địa điểm xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu cho chủ đầu tư như sau:

a) Trường hợp hồ sơ được phê duyệt, Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ gửi văn bản thông báo kèm theo Quyết định của Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ phê duyệt địa điểm xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu đến chủ đầu tư;

b) Trường hợp hồ sơ không được phê duyệt, Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ gửi văn bản thông báo kèm theo văn bản của Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ từ chối phê duyệt địa điểm và nêu rõ lý do từ chối;

c) Việc trả kết quả được thực hiện trực tiếp tại trụ sở Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ hoặc qua dịch vụ bưu chính công ích.

9. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về yêu cầu an toàn đối với khảo sát, đánh giá địa điểm xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu, trình tự thủ tục điều chỉnh quyết định phê duyệt địa điểm xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

Điều 57. Thiết kế lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu

1. Thiết kế lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu phải tuân thủ quy định tại các khoản 1, khoản 2 và khoản 3 Điều 8 Nghị định này.

2. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về nội dung, trình tự lập, thẩm định và phê duyệt thiết kế xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

Điều 58. Phê duyệt dự án đầu tư xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu

Việc phê duyệt dự án đầu tư xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 21, Điều 22 và Điều 23 Nghị định này.

Điều 59. Xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu

1. Việc xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu phải tuân thủ các yêu cầu quy định tại Điều 24 Nghị định này.

2. Chủ đầu tư có trách nhiệm lập hồ sơ đề nghị cấp giấy phép xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu theo quy định tại Điều 25 Nghị định này.

3. Nội dung thẩm định, trình tự, thủ tục thẩm định, trả hồ sơ, kết quả theo quy định tại Điều 26, trừ điểm b khoản 3 Nghị định này.

4. Quyền và nghĩa vụ của chủ đầu tư trong quá trình thi công xây dựng, lắp đặt; điều kiện năng lực của tổ chức, cá nhân trong xây dựng và lắp đặt lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu theo quy định tại Điều 27 và Điều 28 Nghị định này.

5. Việc giám sát an toàn bức xạ, an toàn hạt nhân và an ninh hạt nhân trong quá trình thi công, chế tạo, lắp đặt đối với lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 29 Nghị định này.

Điều 60. Vận hành thử lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu

1. Yêu cầu chung đối với vận hành thử lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 30 Nghị định này trừ điểm h và điểm k khoản 3.

2. Việc cấp giấy phép vận hành thử tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 31 và Điều 32 Nghị định này.

3. Hoạt động giám sát an toàn bức xạ, an toàn hạt nhân và an ninh hạt nhân trong quá trình vận hành thử lò phản ứng hạt nhân tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 33 Nghị định này.

4. Trách nhiệm của chủ đầu tư, tổ chức vận hành trong quá trình vận hành thử lò phản ứng hạt nhân tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 34 Nghị định này.

5. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về yêu cầu an toàn hạt nhân đối với vận hành thử, nội dung chương trình vận hành thử, báo cáo kết quả vận hành thử lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu; trình tự, thủ tục điều chỉnh chương trình vận hành thử, sửa đổi, gia hạn giấy phép vận hành thử; cho phép tiếp tục vận hành thử sau khi bị tạm đình chỉ.

Điều 61. Vận hành lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu

1. Yêu cầu đối với vận hành lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 35 Nghị định này.

2. Việc cấp giấy phép vận hành lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 36 Nghị định này.

3. Việc quan trắc phóng xạ môi trường và giám sát an toàn lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu quy định tại Điều 38 và Điều 41 Nghị định này.

4. Người đứng đầu lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu có trách nhiệm thực hiện các quy định tại khoản 1 Điều 37 Nghị định này.

5. Tổ chức vận hành lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu có trách nhiệm thực hiện các quy định tại khoản 2 Điều 37, Điều 39 và Điều 40 Nghị định này.

6. Việc nâng cấp, cải tạo lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu thực hiện theo quy định tại Điều 42 Nghị định này.

7. Việc khai thác lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu phải tuân thủ các nguyên tắc sau:

a) Trong quá trình khai thác lò phản ứng, mọi thay đổi, lắp đặt, tháo dỡ hoặc thí nghiệm có khả năng ảnh hưởng đến an toàn phải được kiểm soát, xem xét phê duyệt bởi tổ chức vận hành và cập nhật đầy đủ trong hồ sơ vận hành và hồ sơ an toàn của lò phản ứng; mọi thay đổi, lắp đặt, tháo dỡ hoặc thí nghiệm có khả năng ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến an toàn hạt nhân phải được chấp thuận bởi Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ;

b) Bảo đảm duy trì trạng thái an toàn của lò phản ứng, bảo đảm các hệ thống, cấu trúc và bộ phận quan trọng về an toàn hoạt động trong giới hạn và điều kiện vận hành đã được phê duyệt;

c) Mọi hoạt động khai thác, thí nghiệm, chiếu xạ, lắp đặt hoặc tháo dỡ thiết bị, mẫu thử trong hoặc lân cận vùng hoạt của lò phản ứng phải được đánh giá và phân loại theo mức độ ảnh hưởng đến an toàn;

d) Các hoạt động khai thác lò phản ứng phải bảo đảm không làm thay đổi hoặc suy giảm các chức năng an toàn của lò phản ứng;

đ) Việc đánh giá an toàn, phê duyệt và giám sát các hoạt động khai thác phải được thực hiện theo phương pháp tiếp cận theo cấp độ, phù hợp với mức ảnh hưởng của từng hoạt động đến an toàn.

8. Các yêu cầu trong trường hợp dừng hoạt động dài hạn lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu:

a) Trong trường hợp có kế hoạch dừng hoạt động dài hạn đối với lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu, tổ chức vận hành có trách nhiệm lập và gửi kế hoạch dừng lò dài hạn tới Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ xem xét, phê duyệt;

b) Nội dung kế hoạch dừng lò dài hạn bao gồm: danh sách các hệ thống, thiết bị; các thay đổi trong giới hạn và điều kiện vận hành; nhu cầu về nhân sự cho thời gian dừng hoạt động kéo dài; các yêu cầu về thử nghiệm và bảo trì định kỳ; các quy trình điều chỉnh bản vẽ kỹ thuật, thủ tục và hướng dẫn; đồng thời cập nhật các thông tin này vào báo cáo phân tích an toàn;

c) Cơ quan an toàn bức xạ và hạt nhân quốc gia có trách nhiệm kiểm tra thường xuyên tình trạng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu, bảo đảm tuân thủ kế hoạch dừng lò dài hạn đã được chấp thuận.

9. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về:

a) Các yêu cầu an toàn bức xạ, an toàn hạt nhân đối với hoạt động khai thác lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu;

b) Các yêu cầu an toàn bức xạ, an toàn hạt nhân đối với vận hành lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu;

c) Trình tự, thủ tục sửa đổi, gia hạn giấy phép vận hành, chấp thuận việc nâng cấp, cải tạo quan trọng về an toàn, phê duyệt kế hoạch dừng lò dài hạn.

Điều 62. Chấm dứt hoạt động của lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu

1. Tổ chức có lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu có trách nhiệm sau đây:

a) Xây dựng kế hoạch chấm dứt hoạt động theo quy định tại Điều 43 Nghị định này và phù hợp với quy mô, mục đích và đặc điểm kỹ thuật của lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu;

b) Lập hồ sơ đề nghị chấm dứt hoạt động trình Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ thẩm định, cấp giấy phép theo quy định tại Điều 44 Nghị định này;

c) Tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 45 Nghị định này.

2. Trách nhiệm giám sát an toàn trong quá trình chấm dứt hoạt động lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu tuân thủ quy định tại Điều 46 Nghị định này.

3. Việc công nhận lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu chấm dứt hoạt động tuân thủ theo quy định tại Điều 47 Nghị định này.

4. Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ quy định chi tiết về:

a) Yêu cầu an toàn đối với chấm dứt hoạt động lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu;

b) Nội dung kế hoạch chấm dứt hoạt động;

c) Nội dung báo cáo đánh giá an toàn giai đoạn chấm dứt hoạt động lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu;

d) Trình tự, thủ tục điều chỉnh kế hoạch chấm dứt hoạt động; cho phép tiếp tục tháo dỡ sau khi bị tạm dừng, tạm đình chỉ.

Chương VIII
TRÁCH NHIỆM CỦA CÁC BỘ, NGÀNH,

CƠ QUAN TRUNG ƯƠNG VÀ ĐỊA PHƯƠNG

Điều 63. Nguyên tắc chung

1. Các bộ, ngành, địa phương, cơ quan có liên quan phối hợp chặt chẽ, kịp thời, hiệu quả trong quá trình thực hiện nhiệm vụ, bảo đảm an toàn bức xạ, an toàn hạt nhân và an ninh hạt nhân trong suốt vòng đời nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

2. Các bộ, cơ quan ngang bộ theo chức năng quản lý nhà nước được phân công tổ chức xây dựng, ban hành hoặc công nhận, hướng dẫn áp dụng tiêu chuẩn, quy chuẩn kỹ thuật đối với nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu. 

Điều 64. Trách nhiệm của Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ

1. Chủ trì tổ chức thẩm định Báo cáo nghiên cứu khả thi đầu tư xây dựng lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

2. Xây dựng và tổ chức thực hiện kế hoạch đào tạo, bồi dưỡng chuyên môn nghiệp vụ, tăng cường năng lực quản lý nhà nước, nghiên cứu - triển khai, ứng dụng và hỗ trợ kỹ thuật thuộc phạm vi quản lý.

3. Thực hiện hợp tác quốc tế trong việc bảo đảm an toàn, an ninh và ứng phó sự cố, đàm phán, ký kết các điều ước quốc tế, hiệp định hợp tác với các đối tác nước ngoài trong lĩnh vực này theo phân công của Chính phủ.

4. Hướng dẫn cụ thể về danh mục, quản lý, sử dụng, khai thác hồ sơ tài liệu liên quan đến lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu phù hợp với các quy định của pháp luật về lưu trữ.

5. Quy định về các biểu mẫu sử dụng trong công tác phê duyệt địa điểm, cấp giấy phép xây dựng, vận hành thử, vận hành và chấm dứt hoạt động nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

6. Quy định chi tiết về việc quản lý an toàn bức xạ, an toàn hạt nhân và an ninh hạt nhân đối với nhà máy điện hạt nhân sử dụng công nghệ tiên tiến lần đầu sử dụng trên lãnh thổ Việt Nam.

7. Thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác theo quy định pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 65. Trách nhiệm của Bộ Công Thương

1. Chủ trì xây dựng, trình cấp có thẩm quyền ban hành hoặc ban hành theo thẩm quyền các cơ chế, chính sách hỗ trợ phát triển điện hạt nhân.

2. Thực hiện hợp tác quốc tế trong lĩnh vực phát triển điện hạt nhân, đàm phán, ký kết các điều ước quốc tế, hiệp định hợp tác với các đối tác nước ngoài trong lĩnh vực này theo phân công của Chính phủ.

3. Kiểm tra, giám sát quá trình cung cấp điện, bảo đảm ổn định lưới điện khi nhà máy điện hạt nhân vận hành phát điện, đặc biệt trong các tình huống sự cố.

4. Hướng dẫn, hỗ trợ chủ đầu tư thực hiện dự án đầu tư và giải quyết những vướng mắc; yêu cầu của chủ đầu tư trong quá trình đầu tư phát triển dự án điện hạt nhân.

5. Chủ trì, phối hợp với Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ hướng dẫn cụ thể về danh mục, quy định chi tiết về việc quản lý, sử dụng, khai thác hồ sơ tài liệu liên quan đến nhà máy điện hạt nhân phù hợp với các quy định của pháp luật về lưu trữ.

6. Thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác theo quy định pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 66. Trách nhiệm của Bộ Xây dựng

1. Kiểm tra, giám sát việc áp dụng tiêu chuẩn, quy chuẩn kỹ thuật, quy định kỹ thuật nước ngoài về hoạt động xây dựng được áp dụng cho dự án nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu trong phạm vi chức năng quản lý nhà nước được giao.

2. Chỉ đạo và kiểm tra cơ quan chuyên môn về xây dựng trực thuộc trong việc tổ chức thẩm định Báo cáo nghiên cứu khả thi đầu tư xây dựng, Báo cáo kinh tế - kỹ thuật đầu tư xây dựng, thiết kế xây dựng triển khai sau thiết kế cơ sở của dự án, công trình xây dựng thuộc chuyên ngành khoa học và công nghệ hạt nhân.

3. Hướng dẫn công tác quản lý chi phí đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân theo quy định của pháp luật về xây dựng và các quy định khác của pháp luật có liên quan.

4. Rà soát, cập nhật và hoàn thiện hệ thống quy định để bảo đảm hành lang pháp lý đầy đủ, đồng bộ cho các hoạt động xây dựng thuộc phạm vi chức năng quản lý của Bộ Xây dựng.

5. Thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác theo quy định pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 67. Trách nhiệm của Bộ Công an

1. Hướng dẫn chủ đầu tư, tổ chức vận hành nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu thực hiện các quy định của pháp luật về phòng cháy, chữa cháy và cứu nạn, cứu hộ; phòng, chống khủng bố; bảo vệ công trình quan trọng liên quan đến an ninh quốc gia; bảo vệ bí mật nhà nước.

2. Giám sát, kiểm tra, thanh tra việc thực hiện quy định về phòng cháy, chữa cháy; phòng, chống khủng bố; bảo vệ công trình quan trọng liên quan đến an ninh quốc gia; bảo vệ bí mật nhà nước.

3. Thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác theo quy định pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 68. Trách nhiệm của Bộ Nông nghiệp và Môi trường

1. Kiểm tra, giám sát việc áp dụng tiêu chuẩn, quy chuẩn kỹ thuật, quy định kỹ thuật nước ngoài và việc thực hiện quy định của pháp luật về bảo vệ môi trường đối với dự án nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

2. Chủ trì, phối hợp với Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ kiểm tra, giám sát việc quan trắc môi trường khu vực xung quanh nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu trong quá trình xây dựng và vận hành ngoại trừ quan trắc phóng xạ môi trường.

3. Thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác theo quy định pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 69. Trách nhiệm của Bộ Quốc phòng

1. Chủ trì thẩm định nội dung liên quan tới bảo đảm quốc phòng đối với dự án nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

2. Phối hợp thẩm định kế hoạch bảo đảm an ninh đối với nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

3. Tổ chức, triển khai hệ thống bảo vệ thực thể đối với nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

4. Phối hợp với các bộ, cơ quan có liên quan trong quá trình triển khai ứng phó khẩn cấp trong trường hợp xảy ra sự cố hạt nhân vượt cấp tỉnh.

5. Tổ chức huấn luyện, diễn tập phòng thủ dân sự cho lực lượng quốc phòng tham gia ứng phó sự cố bức xạ, sự cố hạt nhân.

6. Thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác theo quy định pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 70. Trách nhiệm của Bộ Tài chính

1. Phối hợp với các bộ, cơ quan có liên quan thẩm định báo cáo nghiên cứu tiền khả thi, báo cáo nghiên cứu khả thi theo quy định pháp luật về đầu tư công, pháp luật về đầu tư, pháp luật về năng lượng nguyên tử và quy định khác của pháp luật có liên quan.

2. Thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác theo quy định pháp luật có liên quan.

Điều 71. Trách nhiệm của Ủy ban nhân dân cấp tỉnh nơi có nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu

1. Tổ chức giải phóng mặt bằng và giám sát việc sử dụng đất đúng mục đích, kế hoạch.

2. Phối hợp bảo đảm an ninh, trật tự, an toàn, môi trường và phòng cháy, chữa cháy trên địa bàn.

3. Giải quyết hoặc kiến nghị cấp có thẩm quyền giải quyết các vướng mắc vượt thẩm quyền trong quá trình thực hiện dự án nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu.

4. Phối hợp với Chủ đầu tư, tổ chức vận hành và đơn vị có liên quan để bảo đảm công tác chuẩn bị và thực hiện phương án di dân, sơ tán khi cần thiết.

5. Thực hiện các nhiệm vụ khác theo quy định pháp luật có liên quan.

Chương IX
ĐIỀU KHOẢN THI HÀNH

Điều 72. Hiệu lực thi hành

1. Nghị định này có hiệu lực thi hành từ 01 tháng 01 năm 2026.

2. Trường hợp các văn bản quy phạm pháp luật dẫn chiếu để áp dụng tại Nghị định này được sửa đổi, bổ sung hoặc thay thế thì áp dụng theo quy định tại văn bản được sửa đổi, bổ sung hoặc thay thế.

3. Nghị định số 70/2010/NĐ-CP ngày 22 tháng 6 năm 2010 hết hiệu lực kể từ ngày Nghị định này có hiệu lực thi hành.

Điều 73. Trách nhiệm thi hành

Các Bộ trưởng, Thủ trưởng cơ quan ngang bộ, Thủ trưởng cơ quan thuộc Chính phủ, Chủ tịch Ủy ban nhân dân tỉnh, thành phố trực thuộc trung ương và các tổ chức, cá nhân liên quan có trách nhiệm thi hành Nghị định này.

Điều 74. Điều khoản chuyển tiếp

1. Lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu đã xây dựng và đang vận hành trước ngày Nghị định này có hiệu lực được tiếp tục hoạt động theo giấy phép đã được cấp; việc gia hạn, điều chỉnh, cấp lại giấy phép hoặc thực hiện hoạt động mới phát sinh phải tuân thủ quy định của Nghị định này.

2. Dự án đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy điện hạt nhân, lò phản ứng hạt nhân nghiên cứu đã được phê duyệt chủ trương đầu tư trước ngày Nghị định này có hiệu lực được tiếp tục thực hiện theo văn bản phê duyệt đó.

3. Quy định tại Điều 15 Nghị định này không áp dụng với các hoạt động khảo sát, đánh giá địa điểm được thực hiện trước thời điểm Nghị định này có hiệu lực.

4. Các bộ, ngành, Ủy ban nhân dân cấp tỉnh liên quan có trách nhiệm hướng dẫn, tổ chức thực hiện quy định tại các khoản 1, 2 và 3 Điều này, bảo đảm tính liên tục của hoạt động, an toàn bức xạ, an toàn hạt nhân và an ninh hạt nhân.