Decision No. 801/QD Issuing fire prevention and firefighting regulations for pine forests, mangrove forests, and other types of easily flammable forests

Pursuant to …;

Issuing fire prevention and firefighting regulations for pine forests, mangrove forests

and some other easily combustible forests

THE MINISTER OF FORESTRY

- Based on Decree No. 35/CP dated February 9, 1981 of the Council of Ministers stipulating the tasks, powers, responsibilities of the Minister and the functions of the Ministry in certain areas of state management;

- Based on the Ordinance on forest protection issued by the Standing Committee of the National Assembly on September 6, 1972 published pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 147-LCT dated September 11, 1972;

- Based on Decree No. 22-CP dated December 29, 1961 of the Prime Minister on forest fire prevention and firefighting;

- Based on the situation of forest fires in recent years and the results of the national-level research project on forest fire prevention and firefighting in Quang Ninh pine forests, Lam Dong pine forests, and Minh Hai mangrove forests (the project has the code number: 04.01.01.07);

- In accordance with the proposal of the Director of the People's Forest Protection Service Bureau and the Director of the Technical Department;

Pursuant to …;

Article 1. Now hereby promulgating along with this Decision the "Fire Prevention and Firefighting Regulations for Pine Forests, Mangrove Forests and Some Other Easily Combustible Forests" (QPN8-86).

Article 2. These regulations shall take effect from the date of signature.

Article 3. The Heads of the Ministry's Office, the Director of the People's Forest Protection Service Bureau, the Director of the Technical Department, the Heads of Departments, Institutes, and Directly Subordinate Units of the Ministry related to this matter, the General Directors of Forestry-Livestock-Industry Federations, Raw Materials Paper Federations, Seedling and Forest Planting Service Companies, Timber and Specialty Export Companies, Wood Mines Companies, Directors of Forestry Departments are responsible for implementing this Decision.

REGULATIONS
FIRE PREVENTION AND FIREFIGHTING FOR PINE FORESTS, MANGROVE FORESTS
AND SOME OTHER EASILY COMBUSTIBLE FORESTS (QPN8-86)

(Issued together with Decision No. 801-QĐ dated September 26, 1986)

PART I
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. These regulations specify technical requirements for fire prevention and firefighting in pine forests, mangrove forests, and some other easily combustible forests, and the organizational structure of firefighting forces at the grassroots level.

Article 2. Depending on specific circumstances, the construction of white and green belts, zoning of shifting cultivation areas, building watchtowers, establishing communication systems, and conducting educational campaigns should be implemented.

Article 3. According to the specific conditions of each location, forest fire prediction methods should be applied through a comprehensive approach combined with the establishment of radio communication systems and local mass media information systems. All these contents must be trained by the People's Forest Protection Service Bureau; fire prediction and radio communication personnel for firefighting must have certificates confirming their training in technical skills.

PART II
CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE PREVENTION AND FIREFIGHTING INFRASTRUCTURE AND TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT IN FORESTS
AND FOREST FIRE FIGHTING

PART I: CONSTRUCTION OF FIREBREAK BELTS

Article 4. White and green belts aim to create barriers between forest trees and agricultural fields, gardens, wood storage areas, residential areas, transportation routes (railways, roads...), warehouses, borders, etc., and divide easily combustible forests into plots and compartments.

Article 5. When designing the planting of pine forests and other easily combustible forests, it is essential to immediately design and construct white or green belt systems. If the slope exceeds 25 degrees, white belts cannot be constructed, but green belts must be planted immediately along with the forest planting in the same year.

Article 6. Construction of white belts is only applicable for one or two years in natural forests with slopes under 25 degrees due to insufficient conditions for planting green belts. When conditions permit, immediate planting of green belts should be carried out. For natural broadleaf forests, white belts should have a minimum width of 10-16 meters. When constructing white belts, the ground cover must be treated, dried, and piled into strips 5-8 meters away from the forest edge; burning should occur at the beginning of the dry season, with guards posted during burning, which should be done when the wind is light, in the morning or evening, and absolutely no spread of fire into the forest should be allowed. After burning, a thorough inspection of the entire belt must be conducted until all fire is extinguished.

Article 7. Green mixed belts must be constructed using various types of plants, with a multi-layered structure including:

1. Main Belts: Must be combined with the construction of transport and logging roads.

a) For natural broadleaf forests: main belts divide the forest into compartments, with distances between main belts ranging from 2-3 kilometers.

b) For planted forests and natural coniferous forests: the distance between main belts ranges from 1 to 2 kilometers.

2. Branch Belts (Secondary)

a) For natural forests (broadleaf): based on specific conditions, the distance between branch belts ranges from 1-2 kilometers.

b) For planted forests and natural coniferous forests: based on specific conditions, the distance between branch belts ranges from 500 to 1000 meters.

Article 8. For forests in degraded states, the width of the belts must exceed the height of the trees.

a) Main Belts: for both natural and planted forests, the minimum width is 8-20 meters and should be planted with greenery.

b) Branch Belts (Secondary): for both natural and planted forests, the minimum width is 6-12 meters and should be planted with greenery.

Article 9. Orientation of the Belts

a) For flat terrain or slopes under 15 degrees, the belts must be perpendicular to the direction of the prevailing winds during the fire season.

b) For complex terrain with slopes over 15 degrees, the belts should be aligned with contour lines. Where possible, existing paths, ravines, rivers, valleys, logging and transportation roads can be utilized as belts, with green belts planted on both sides of these belts, each having a width of 4-6 meters, and annual maintenance and repair of these green belts according to forest plantation techniques.

Article 10. Planning and construction must be carried out to utilize existing valleys, ravines, ponds, lakes, and ponds for water storage for firefighting purposes.

SECTION 2: CONSTRUCTION OF CANALS AND FIREBREAKS AND EMBANKMENTS IN THE SHRUB SWAMP FOREST
CONSTRUCTION OF CANALS AND FIREBREAKS AND EMBANKMENTS IN THE SHRUB SWAMP FOREST

Article 11. The design, construction, and completion of the canal system must be carried out concurrently with the design, construction, and maintenance of the shrub swamp forest, ensuring fresh water supply, preventing underground fires, spreading fires, and surface fires. Fire prevention canals include main canals (area-level canals), secondary canals (sub-area level canals), and branch canals (plot-level canals and lot-level canals). Embankments must be constructed at the entrances of canals to retain water for the shrub swamp forest throughout the dry season.

Article 12. Main canals divide or encircle large forest areas ranging from 5,000 to 10,000 hectares.

Dimensions of main canals: canal width of 8-12 meters, depth of 2-2.5 meters, bottom width of 6-8 meters; excavated soil is placed on both sides to form parallel roads along the canal. When constructing embankments, all ash and debris must be removed to ensure a continuous layer of clay along the canal edges to prevent underground fires and erosion.

Article 13. Secondary canals (sub-area level canals) divide forest areas that have been divided by main canals into sub-areas, with distances between secondary canals ranging from 1,500 to 2,000 meters. Secondary canals (sub-area canals) have dimensions: width of 3 meters, depth of 1.5-2 meters, bottom width of 3-4 meters; excavated soil is placed on one side or both sides to form walking paths.

Article 14. Plot-level and lot-level canals in the shrub swamp forest are arranged according to the following sizes: each canal is spaced 500-1,000 meters apart, the depth of the canal is determined based on the thickness of the humus layer and ash, the bottom of the canal is 1.2-1.5 meters deep and must be lower than the top ash layer by 20 centimeters, canal width of 2-3 meters, bottom width of 1-2 meters, with excavated soil placed on one side.

Article 15. Planting green belts along the canal systems shall be conducted as follows:

- Both banks of the canals shall be planted with fire-resistant trees that can produce fruit and wood, etc.

- Along the foot of the canals, plant trees to prevent erosion and create a fire-resistant green belt, which must be planted in bands: water coconut or other local fire-resistant tree species, forming a green belt 2-3 meters wide to prevent underground fires, spreading fires, and surface fires.

The planting density of trees in the green belt must be higher than the planting density of the forest to quickly close the canopy and rapidly achieve fire-prevention effects.

SECTION 3: PRINCIPLES FOR SELECTING TREE SPECIES FOR GREEN BELTS

Article 16. Attention should be given to selecting local tree groups with excellent fire resistance: trees containing high water content, capable of withstanding high temperatures; thick bark, not shedding leaves during the dry season, strong seed and sprout regeneration capacity, rapid growth and development. Trees planted in green belts should not share the same pests or diseases as those in the forest, or serve as hosts for forest pests and diseases, and should contribute to creating a fire-resistant forest green belt.

SECTION 4: CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE WATCHTOWERS

Article 17. The location of watchtowers must be situated where visibility is the farthest (at least 5 to 10 kilometers) to easily detect smoke or flames, predict the size of the fire, and promptly mobilize firefighting forces.

Article 18. Watchtowers must be higher than the height of the forest area and consist of two types:

- Main watchtower: Located at the center of the easily flammable forest area, with a viewing range of 10-15 kilometers, constructed using durable local materials, ensuring long-term use.

- Auxiliary watchtower: Arranged throughout the watchtower system, with a viewing range of 3-5 kilometers.

- Main and auxiliary watchtowers: arranged in a triangular grid pattern, with the main watchtower located at the center and auxiliary watchtowers at the three vertices of the triangle.

Article 19. Requirements for constructing main and auxiliary watchtowers: they must have stairs for ascent and descent, the surrounding area within a radius of 20-30 meters around the base of the tower must be cleared of vegetation, there must be a room with four doors for observing in all directions, a map of the protected forest area, binoculars, and a horn or communication device for alarms.

Article 20. Each watchtower shall have a working team of 2 to 3 people taking turns; during the peak fire season at levels 4 and 5, the watchtower must have personnel working continuously 24 hours a day. When forest watchers detect a forest fire, they must determine the coordinates of the fire, report to the command center, and sound the alarm to promptly mobilize forces and equipment for firefighting.

Section 5: FOREST FIRE PREVENTION ZONES FOR SWIDDENS
TO PREVENT SPREADING OF FIRES INTO FORESTS

Article 21. The Forest Rangers help the People's Committee of the district in statistics, management, temporary zoning, examination, and permission for swidden cultivation on lands designated by Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).the Provincial People's Committee. In zoning swiddens, planning and delineation with clear boundaries marked by posts and posted outside the field must be done first, and a map of the zoning plan for land types for swiddens must be established. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).In areas permitted for swidden cultivation, when clearing land for swiddens, all vegetation must be cleared completely, dried, and piled into strips 2-3 meters wide, with each strip spaced 5-6 meters apart, and the strip closest to the forest edge must be at least 6-8 meters away from the forest. Burning should occur during light winds in the evening or early morning, burning one strip at a time, starting from the top of the hill and moving down to the bottom.

Article 22. During burning, guards must be posted. One guard must be stationed every 10 to 15 meters along the strip. Burning must be reported to the cooperative, production group, forestry board of the commune, and the communal firefighting team of the cooperative. It is absolutely forbidden to allow fires to spread into the forest. After burning, a thorough inspection of the swidden must be conducted until all fires are extinguished.

Article 23. Tight integration between swidden zoning and land allocation, forest enclosure for households, cooperatives, agencies, units, agricultural schools, and enterprises located within or adjacent to forests for management, protection, business operations, and firefighting must be maintained according to regulations and laws to ensure forest safety from fire throughout the dry season.

Article 24. Section 6: CONSTRUCTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

FOREST FIRE PREDICTION USING COMPREHENSIVE METHODS
To proactively prevent and combat forest fires effectively, it is necessary to predict the possibility of forest fires occurring in each locality using comprehensive methods consisting of four contents as follows:

Article 25. 1. Establishing a forest fire prediction station in places representative of the microclimate of the entire area prone to forest fires.

2. Determining the fire season for each forest area to proactively prevent and combat forest fires locally.

3. Developing fire level criteria: based on meteorological and hydrological data from 10 to 15 years for each area prone to fires to calculate the fire level.

4. Creating a table of fire level predictions based on five levels using calculated fire level criteria for each area, proposing preventive and firefighting measures corresponding to each fire level (from Level I to Level V, with attached appendices).

Fire prediction stations must be built to monitor microclimate factors directly affecting the possibility of forest fires, collecting data three times daily at 7 AM, 1 PM, and 7 PM; measuring temperature, humidity, fuel moisture, soil moisture, wind speed, rain, etc.

Article 26. The location of the prediction station must represent a wide area of 15 to 20 thousand hectares that needs to be monitored for fire prediction. If the area is too large and the terrain is complex, a system of interconnected prediction stations must be arranged, including a main station (central station) and auxiliary stations. If the forest terrain is not complex, there should be one auxiliary station every 15 to 20 kilometers from the main station. If the forest mountain terrain is complex, there should be one auxiliary station every 10 to 15 kilometers from the main station.

Article 27. The main station is responsible for determining the fire season daily, measuring meteorological and hydrological parameters, calculating the fire level, and promptly reporting the fire level to enable relevant entities to take preventive and firefighting measures.

Article 28. - Auxiliary stations are responsible for supplementarily measuring factors such as rainfall, highest and lowest temperatures, etc., to provide additional data for the main station to more accurately calculate the fire level.

When predicting forest fires, if the highest level (Level V) is reached and the weather remains persistently dry and severe, the prediction of forest fires must consider the relationship between the moisture content of combustible materials and the likelihood of fire occurrence to take proactive measures to prevent forest fires.

Article 29. The Forest Ranger Department is responsible for establishing a fire prediction station system in key areas prone to fires throughout the region, directing strict implementation of forest fire prevention and firefighting work according to the five-level prediction issued by

Article 30. the Provincial People's Committee. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).a) When predicting forest fires reaching Level 3, the Head of the District Forest Ranger Department must directly organize and direct the Forest Ranger force to cooperate with the community forest protection force to patrol closely in fire-prone areas during peak hours, ensuring six hours a day (12 to 6 PM). All illegal occupants must be removed from the forest to ensure its safety from fire.

Article 31.

b) When predicting forest fires reaching Level 4, the Head of the District Forest Ranger Department must directly organize and direct the Forest Ranger force to cooperate with the community forest protection force to strictly patrol key areas down to each small forest zone, maintaining continuous presence on watchtowers for ten hours a day (10 to 8 PM), utilizing all means of mass communication to promptly inform about the situation; while simultaneously reporting to

the District People's Committee to strengthen leadership and direction of forest fire prevention and firefighting work in key areas and throughout the district. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).c) When predicting forest fires reaching Level 5, the Director of the Forestry Department and the Head of the Provincial Forest Ranger Department must personally supervise on-site the organization and direction of forest fire prevention and firefighting work, strictly patrolling each small forest zone, maintaining continuous presence on watchtowers 24 hours a day, utilizing all means of communication, technology, and mass media (including radio, press, etc.) to promptly inform about the situation; while simultaneously reporting to

the Provincial People's Committee to strengthen leadership and direction of forest fire prevention and firefighting work in key areas and throughout the province. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).The People's Committee of the province shall strengthen leadership and guidance on forest fire prevention and firefighting work in key areas and throughout the entire province.

PART 7: CONSTRUCTION OF FIRE PREVENTION INFORMATION SYSTEMS
FOREST FIRE FIGHTING

Article 32. AT In areas with large-scale pine forests and other easily combustible forests where serious forest fires are likely to occur, the people's forest rangers have the responsibility to collaborate with production units and localities to conduct surveys, design, construction, and technical training for building fire prevention and firefighting information systems.

Article 33. Units equipped with forest fire forecasting stations and information systems are responsible for maintaining and servicing machinery and equipment according to regulations, ensuring continuous and uninterrupted fire prediction and information transmission.

CHAPTER III
METHODS FOR FOREST FIRE FIGHTING

PART 8: ORGANIZATION OF FOREST FIRE FIGHTING METHODS
FIRE SPREAD LIMITATION

Article 34. Upon discovering a forest fire, immediate mobilization of manpower, manual and mechanical equipment, and on-site water sources must be carried out for rescue and firefighting. If these resources are insufficient, the unit must report immediately to higher authorities to strengthen manpower and equipment for firefighting.

Article 35. Firefighting forces limit the fire spread by creating white bands to block the flames, with widths ranging from 15 to 20 meters; if wind speed is high and the fire spreads too quickly, bands with widths of 20-30 meters must be created.

Article 36. In extremely dry weather conditions where forest litter is very dry, when a forest fire occurs, the following actions must be taken:

- Immediately create narrow bands between the heads of the flames at intervals calculated so that they are completed before the flames arrive; all flammable materials must be cleared and piled up in the middle of the band and then burned.

- The distance between two clean-up lines is specified as follows:

1. If the wind speed is 3-5 m/s, the distance between two clean-up lines should be 20-30 meters.

2. If the wind speed exceeds 6 m/s, the distance between two clean-up lines should be 30-35 meters.

Article 37. In cases where there is a large amount of fuel material affected by high temperatures, even living trees may become dried out and burn along with it, requiring multiple firebreaks to be prepared. When the wind is too strong and the fire spreads too quickly, causing embers to pass through the firebreaks and ignite materials behind them, additional firebreaks must also be prepared.

Article 38. For mangrove forests in Southern Vietnam and forests distributed on high mountains with a layer of litter thicker than 0.5 meters, when fighting forest fires, trenches should be dug to prevent underground fires. The trenches must be dug deep enough to reach below the litter layer and into the soil by 20-50 cm, with widths ranging from 6-10 meters. The litter should be cleared towards the rear of the flames, while soil should be thrown towards the front of the approaching flames.

Article 39. During firefighting, forces are arranged in the following two ways:

1. If the flame develops and spreads slowly, with a tendency to burn in both directions, the formation should arrange small teams of 8-10 people, advancing from behind the fire towards both sides, using water or soil or fresh branches to extinguish the flames, preventing their spread. The formation should continue to advance until completely surrounding the head of the flames and extinguishing them entirely.

2. If the wind speed is strong over 6 m/s and the fire spreads rapidly forward, the formation should be arranged to create firebreaks, dig trenches, throw soil, or pour water from the front of the flames and move backward in two arcs until completely surrounded and extinguished, ensuring no smoldering embers reignite.

Article 40. During firefighting, one of the following methods can be used to extinguish the fire: using water, crushed soil, sand, fresh branches, or chemicals such as P, CO, etc., to weaken one, two, or all three factors involved in the combustion process: fuel, oxygen, and heat.₂O₅, K₂PO₄, CONCLUDED AGREEMENT₂ such as to weaken immediately one, two, or all three factors involved in the combustion process: fuel, oxygen, and heat.

Article 41. After logging, forest sanitation must be conducted, utilizing all post-harvest products, clearing waste, and creating white bands along contour lines to prevent the spread of fire under the forest canopy.

Article 42. Ensure safety during forest firefighting; organize firefighting forces into groups and teams, each with a leader responsible for unified command. Firefighting forces must assemble behind the flames, at least 100 meters away, with white bands around the assembly area exceeding 50 meters. Adequate drinking water and burn ointments must be prepared; in case of severe injuries or fatalities, a record must be made on-site for future policy resolution.

Article 43. After completing firefighting, the forest inspection agencies must investigate and verify the cause of the fire, prepare statistical reports, and submit them to higher authorities regarding the damage caused by the forest fire according to the model in the appendix: form 1.

PART IV
FORMS OF ORGANIZING FIRE PREVENTION AND FIREFIGHTING FORCES
IN FORESTS

Article 44. AT In key areas with easily combustible forests, the people's forest rangers assist local governments at all levels in developing plans and establishing fire prevention and firefighting committees chaired by the Chairman or Vice-Chairman, with the head or deputy head of the forestry sector serving as vice-chair, and representatives from relevant departments participating as members. These committees have the function of assisting Party and local government organizations in organizing and directing fire prevention and firefighting activities in the base throughout the dry season. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).People's forest ranger forces in stations, teams specializing in fire prevention and firefighting in key areas during peak fire seasons need to be organized into workgroups of 2-3 people, each with a team leader: 3-5 groups forming a work team, each with a team leader, and this force needs to be deployed to every small district. Each group is responsible for 1000-2000 hectares of forest, tasked with organizing training and technical instruction for a community forest protection team of 15-30 people to work alongside the specialized people's forest ranger team for fire prevention and firefighting.

Article 45. Each community forest protection team in villages and farms consists of 15-20 people, and in state farms, forestry farms, and military units, there are 15-30 people. This organization is equipped with tools and means of transportation and trained in techniques together with the people's forest ranger forces in small districts, performing regular patrols and guarding the assigned forest areas to protect them and receiving compensation according to regulations and funding sources stipulated by the Provincial People's Committee.

Article 46. Throughout the dry season, forest inspection agencies annually need to develop specific plans to launch campaigns of propaganda and education suitable to the characteristics of the locality; directors of forestry farms, team leaders, and sub-farm managers are responsible for closely guiding fire prevention and firefighting activities within their management and business scope.

Article 47. Throughout the dry season, each Forest Management Office, Forest Protection Station, and People's Forest Protection Station must have specific plans annually to organize campaigns for propaganda and education that are suitable for local characteristics; Directors of Forest Farms, Team Leaders, and Sub-Station Managers are responsible for closely directing forest fire prevention and firefighting within their management and business scope.

CHAPTER V
IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS

Article 48. The Directors of the Forestry Departments shall base on this regulatory provision to develop specific regulations suitable for local conditions, submit for examination and approval by the provincial People's Committees; closely coordinate with the Public Security agencies, Courts, Procuracy, and other relevant agencies at the same level to organize guidance and inspection of the implementation of this regulatory provision, strictly handle according to the law individuals and organizations causing forest fires, promptly reward those individuals and units with outstanding achievements in forest fire prevention and extinguishing. Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).The Directors of Forest Farms, General Directors of Forestry-Agriculture-Industry Associations, Heads of Cooperatives, Heads of Units entrusted with forests and forest land for business operations have the responsibility to apply and implement this regulatory provision for the assigned forest areas, especially in regions where forest fires frequently occur.

If forests are burned due to non-compliance with the provisions set forth herein:

Article 49. If a forest fire occurs due to non-compliance with the provisions set forth herein, then:

1. For planted forests, the operating unit (forest farm, cooperative) shall not be liquidated but must replant the forest in the same year.

2. For natural forests, the operating unit must use its own capital to restore the forest.

Article 50. The National Forest Inspection Bureau, Technical Department, Forest Industry Department, Forestry Department, Supervisory Board have the responsibility to assist the Ministry in organizing the dissemination, guidance, urging, and inspection of compliance with this regulatory provision, while drawing lessons and proposing the Ministry to supplement the regulatory provision for completeness.

Article 51. Regarding funding for constructing forest fire prevention and extinguishing facilities.

1. For planted forests: all costs shall be accounted for in the cost of planting forests.

2. For natural forests: funds for nurturing forests or forest encirclement protection funds at the local level may be utilized.

Article 52. Previous regulations that conflict with the content stipulated in this Regulatory Provision are hereby abolished.

ANNEX

During the process of researching and directing the construction of models for forest fire prevention and extinguishing in three provinces: Quang Ninh, Lam Dong, and Minh Hai, the National Forest Inspection Bureau has drawn some results regarding:

- Establishing a forest fire forecast level (of Lam Dong)

- Selecting tree species to create firebreaks

- Forms

- Equipment requirements for a forest fire forecast station.

The National Forest Inspection Bureau introduces these to readers and grassroots units for reference and application in accordance with local conditions.

Form 1: Forest Fire Situation Report

1. Unit affected... belongs to county... province

2. Date... month... year 19... was burned

3. Plot:

4. Section:

5. Area of forest burned (ha)

a) Natural forest: Degree of burning (% damage)

b) Planted forest: Degree of burning (% damage)

- Age of planted forest:

+ Cause of fire

+ Technical measures for extinguishing fire

+ Number of people participating in extinguishing fire

+ Measures taken.

To whom sent: 1. Local Forest Inspection Station

2. Provincial Forest Inspection Office (1 copy)

3. National Forest Inspection Bureau (1 copy)

SOME PRINCIPLES FOR SELECTING TREE SPECIES TO CREATE GREEN BELTS FOR FIRE PREVENTION
CHOOSE TREE SPECIES TO CREATE GREEN BELTS FOR FIRE PREVENTION

Pay attention to selecting fire-resistant tree species with the ability to adapt to high temperatures related to the following characteristics:

- Trees with succulent leaves

- Leaves with hair or scales protecting internal cells from normal activity.

- Thick bark.

- Trees with strong sprouting and seedling regeneration capabilities, quickly closing their canopy to early achieve fire-prevention effects.

- Do not shed leaves during the dry season.

- Fire-retardant trees at the fire barrier should not share pests with planted forest trees or be hosts for forest pests.

- Native trees: species suitable and naturally present in the locality.

Introducing some tree species for creating fire-prevention forest belts in key fire-prone areas

1. Tung Qua Su: Prefers subtropical climate, commonly planted in high mountain border areas such as Hoang Lien Son, Lai Chau, Son La, Cao Bang, Lang Son.

2. Dua Ba: A perennial green plant with the ability to prevent ground fire spread, can be widely planted in many places like Lam Dong, Quang Ninh, etc.

3. Vo Thuoc: Tall, straight trunk, fast-growing pioneer on barren hills or old fields. Widely distributed in Northeastern region. Good fire-retardant tree for pine forests.

4. Me Rung: A shrub with high water content, commonly found in denuded hill areas, can be selected as a fire barrier in areas where hill forests are planted.

5. Mit and Dam But: Evergreen trees throughout the year, can be chosen as a fire barrier along hillsides in deep, moist, loose, well-drained soil.

6. Thau Tau: A shrub or small tree commonly found on barren hills, wastelands, and impoverished forests, distributed in Northern and Central Vietnam.

7. Do Ngon: Medium-sized tree 6-10m tall, with spongy bark covered in scales when mature, capable of fire prevention, commonly found in Lang Son, Ha Bac, Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe Tinh.

8. Dau Da Dat: A medium-sized tree scattered in secondary forests in the midlands of Northern and Central Vietnam. It requires relatively moist soil with some humus, can be planted as a fire barrier.

9. Keo La Traam: A tree that can be planted everywhere on various types of soil, with a closed canopy, planted along hills near pine forests in Quang Ninh, capable of forming a multi-layered green belt; the upper layer is Keo La Traam, the lower layer is evergreen shrubs, creating a shady, humid environment capable of preventing fire spread from outside into the forest.

10. Some tree species planted along canals to form green belts to prevent fire in the mangrove areas of the Mekong Delta, Minh Hai, Kien Giang, Long An, including coconut, pineapple, water coconut, banana, etc.

11. Some fast-growing evergreen tree species from the legume family, which have fire-preventing effects, create a shady, humid environment, improve soil quality such as Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia mangium, etc., are very good for planting green belts to prevent fire in hilly areas and mangrove forests in the Mekong Delta.

FORM TO MONITOR ILLEGAL BURNING OF FORESTS
TO CLEAR LAND FOR SWIDDENS

Forest Fire Forecast Station

Form to monitor daily forest fire risk levels
according to the Nesterop composite index

Month... year 198...

Forest Fire Forecast Station:

Form to monitor daily forest fire forecast levels

EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR A FOREST FIRE FORECAST STATION

1. A 12-meter Wind column (lightweight)

2. Handheld wind meter (Soviet Union) 1 unit

3. Wet-dry thermometers 2 sets

4. Normal, highest, lowest temperature thermometers 6 units.

5. Asman machine 1 unit

6. Stopwatch 1 unit

7. Barasop stand 2 sets

8. Rain gauge 1 set

9. VIETNAM TOBACCO ASSOCIATIONPi Che 2 sets

10. Humidity tables 2 copies

11. Sample forms and books 12 copies

12. Desk clock 1 unit

13. A set of FM wave transmission equipment shall be provided for the central station and at points within the range of the fire information station, each point must have one radio transceiver.

TABLE OF REGULATIONS

FOREST FIRE WARNING LEVELS IN LAM DONG

(issued together with Regulation No. 321-QĐ/UB dated June 6, 1985
of Within 10 working days from the date of receipt of the dossier as mentioned in Sub-clause b, Clause 1, Article 3 above, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will review and submit to the competent authority for decision (Issues exceeding the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' jurisdiction will be referred to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision).of the People's Committee of Lam Dong Province)

- The forest fire warning levels consist of five levels (from Level 1 to Level 5), the unified warning symbol is a circle with a white background, a red border, a red flame in the center, and black numbers from 1 to 5 attached. GENERAL PROVISIONS Black numbers from 1 to 5.

- Warning Level 1: On the sign attached number 1: just entering the dry season, grass and trees are still green, there is little possibility of forest fires.

- Warning Level 2: On the sign attached number 2: slightly dry weather, dry grass can cause forest fires in areas where the main combustible material under the canopy is pine needles, pine cones, and sparse pine forests (canopy cover 0.3). In poor terrain, the spread of the fire is slow, easy to extinguish.

- Warning Level 3: On the sign attached number 3: dry weather, possible forest fires in various types of understory vegetation (except reeds and shrubs growing in wet areas under dense canopies with canopy cover from 0 to 0.5). The spread rate of the fire is moderate, rarely causing severe damage to young plantations, young forests, and pine forests being tapped for resin.

- Warning Level 4: On the sign attached number 4: very dry weather, high fire risk, possible fires in all types of understory vegetation, rapid spread of forest fires, easily reigniting, causing serious damage, especially to young plantations, young forests, and pine forests being tapped for resin, including large pine forests with abundant combustible materials.

- Warning Level 5: On the sign attached number 5: extremely dry weather, critical fire warning level, very high fire risk, possible fires in all types of vegetation, rapid spread of forest fires, causing extremely serious damage to all types of forests.

FOREST FIRE WARNING AND PREVENTION LEVELS
IN LAM DONG

(issued together with Decision No. 321-QĐ/UB dated June 6, 1985
of the People's Committee of Lam Dong Province)

FOREST FIRE WARNING LEVEL IN MINH HAIS, KIEN GIANG

FOREST FIRE WARNING LEVEL IN THONG, QUANG NINH