Circular No. 08/2011/TT-BTP guiding certain contents regarding statistical work of the Justice Sector

CIRCULAR

Guidelines on certain aspects of statistical work in the Justice Sector

_________________________

 

Based on the Statistics Law dated June 17, 2003;

Pursuant to Decree No. 40/2004/NĐ-CP dated February 13, 2004 of the Government detailing and guiding the implementation of certain provisions of the Law on Statistics;

Pursuant to Decree No. 93/2008/NĐ-CP dated August 22, 2008, promulgated by the Government stipulating the functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of Justice;

Pursuant to Decree No. 03/2010/NĐ-CP dated January 13, 2010 of the Government on the tasks, powers, and organization of statistics for ministries, ministerial-level agencies, and government agencies;

The Ministry of Justice issues guidelines on certain aspects of statistical work in the Justice Sector as follows:

PART I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of Regulation and Applicability

Article 1. Scope of Application: This Circular provides guidance on statistical reporting systems; statistical surveys; publication and utilization of statistical information; inspection of compliance with statistical reporting systems within the scope of functions and tasks of the Ministry of Justice as prescribed in Decree No. 93/2008/NĐ-CP and other relevant legal documents.

Statistical work in the areas of Civil Enforcement and Legal Aid shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of specialized statistical Circulars issued by the Ministry of Justice.

Article 2. Applicability: This Circular applies to the following entities:

a. Agencies and organizations under and directly subordinate to the Ministry of Justice;

b. Ministries, agencies at the ministerial level, and agencies under the Government (legal affairs organizations);

c. People's Committees at all levels;

d. Departments of Justice of provinces and centrally governed cities (hereinafter referred to collectively as Departments of Justice);

e. Judicial Departments of districts, towns, and provincial cities (hereinafter referred to collectively as Judicial Departments);

f. Organizations practicing legal professions such as lawyers and notaries and individual lawyers;

g. Organizations conducting auction sales of assets and judicial appraisals;

h. Diplomatic missions and consular offices of Vietnam abroad (hereinafter referred to collectively as Vietnamese representative offices abroad);

i. Other agencies, organizations, and individuals as prescribed by law.

Article 2. Statistical Information

1. Statistical information of the Justice Sector includes statistical data and analyses thereof.

2. Statistical information of the Justice Sector is primarily collected through the following methods:

a) Statistical reports;

b) Statistical surveys.

3. Statistical reports consist of two types: basic statistical reports and consolidated statistical reports. Each type of report includes regular and ad hoc reports. Statistical surveys include planned surveys and ad hoc surveys.

Chapter II

STATISTICAL REPORTING SYSTEM

Article 3. Scope of Statistics

Agencies, organizations, and individuals implementing basic statistical reporting systems, within their respective functions and tasks, collect statistical information from original documents and records for management purposes within the sector and for the collection and consolidation of national statistical indicators as prescribed by law.

Article 4. Agencies, Organizations, and Individuals Implementing Basic Statistical Reporting Systems

1. Agencies, organizations, and individuals implementing basic statistical reporting systems of the Justice Sector include:

a) People's Committees at the commune level;

b) People's Committees at the district level (Judicial Departments);

c) Organizations practicing notary and lawyer professions and individual lawyers;

d) Organizations conducting auction sales of assets;

e) Organizations conducting judicial appraisals;

f) Provincial Departments and Bureaus;

g) Ministries, agencies at the ministerial level, and agencies under the Government (legal affairs organizations);

h) Vietnamese representative offices abroad;

i) Other agencies and organizations responsible for reporting to the Ministry of Justice as prescribed by law.

2. The name of the agency, organization, or individual implementing the basic statistical reporting system shall be clearly stated in the upper right corner of each statistical form or explained in the form's explanatory section for statistical forms in the fields of judicial appraisal, registration of secured transactions, and state compensation.

Article 5. Agencies and organizations receiving basic statistical reports

1. Agencies and organizations receiving basic statistical reports of the Justice Sector include:

a) People's Committee at district level (Justice Office);

b) People's Committee at provincial level (Department of Justice);

c) Ministry of Justice (Planning and Finance Department);

d) Other agencies and organizations related as prescribed by law.

2. The name of the agency or organization receiving basic statistical reports shall be specifically recorded in the upper right corner of each statistical form or recorded in the explanation section of the form for statistical reporting forms in the fields of forensic examination, collateral registration, and state compensation.

Article 6. Structure of Content of Basic Statistical Reports

1. The content of the report includes two parts: the part reporting statistical information and the explanatory part.

a) The part reporting statistical information according to the report form issued together with this Circular, including the following information: name of the form; agency, organization, or individual submitting and receiving the report; reporting period; content of the report; unit of measurement; person preparing the report, person signing the report, and other relevant contents.

b) The explanatory part, explaining information related to the statistical information mentioned in the part reporting statistical information.

2. The structure of the content specified in Clause 1 of this Article applies to both regular and ad hoc basic statistical reports.

Article 7. Forms of Basic Statistical Reports

1. The forms of basic statistical reports of the Justice Sector for collecting statistical information are stipulated in this Circular in the following areas:

a) Legislative drafting;

b) Drafting legal normative documents;

c) Inspecting legal normative documents;

d) Reviewing legal normative documents;

đ) Mediation at grassroots level;

e) Popularizing and educating on laws;

g) Authentication;

h) Household registration;

i) Citizenship;

k) Criminal record;

l) Adoption;

l) Notarization;

m) Lawyers;

o) Auctioning assets;

p) Forensic examination;

q) Collateral registration;

r) State compensation.

2. The list of forms of basic statistical reports of the Justice Sector and detailed forms are stipulated in Appendix I promulgated together with this Circular.

Article 8. Periods of Basic Statistical Reports in a Year

1. Regular basic statistical reports are prepared semi-annually and annually.

For the six-month basic statistical report, the data collection period runs from October 1 of the previous year to March 31 of the following year. For the annual basic statistical report, the data collection period runs from October 1 of the previous year to September 30 of the following year.

In particular, in the field information, the data collection period for statistics is implemented both according to Clause 1 of this Article and according to Article 73 of Decree No. 158/2005/NĐ-CP dated December 27, 2005 of the Government on registration and management of household records.

2. The reporting time for basic statistical reports of the Justice Sector serving national statistical indicators as prescribed in Decision No. 43/2010/QĐ-TTg dated June 2, 2010 of

3. The period for submitting statistical reports on ad hoc basic statistical reports shall be carried out in accordance with a written request from the competent authority.

Article 9. Deadline for Submitting Basic Statistical Reports

1. Regular basic statistical reports: The six-month and annual basic statistical reports must be submitted to the agency or organization receiving the report no later than seven days after the end of the reporting period. The receipt date of the report is recorded in the upper left corner of the statistical report form issued together with this Circular.

2. Ad hoc basic statistical reports: The submission time for ad hoc basic statistical reports is recorded in the written request of the competent authority for the report.

Article 10. Forms of Basic Statistical Reports

Basic statistical reports shall be simultaneously conducted in both textual form and electronic data file format.

1. Textual reports must bear the signature and stamp of confirmation from the Head of the agency, organization, or individual implementing the reporting system, and shall be sent via postal service. The actual date of sending the report is determined based on the postmark at the receiving post office. In cases where reports are sent via fax, the date of sending the report is considered to be the date when the receiving agency or organization receives the faxed copy.

2. The electronic data file for reporting must contain the same content as the signed and confirmed textual report by the Head of the agency, organization, or individual implementing the reporting system. The Head of the agency, organization, or individual implementing the reporting system shall be responsible for the accuracy of the data in the electronic data file report. The email account used to send the electronic data file must be the pre-registered email account of the agency, organization, or individual implementing the reporting system with the receiving agency or organization.

Article 11. Responsibilities of Agencies, Organizations, and Individuals Implementing the Basic Statistical Reporting System

1. Recording, summarizing data, preparing and submitting reports in accordance with the deadlines stipulated by law and this Circular.

2. Preparing basic statistical reports truthfully, accurately, and comprehensively based on original vouchers and records; calculating and summarizing indicators according to the requirements of content and methods stipulated by law and this Circular; bearing legal responsibility for the contents of the reports.

3. Self-inspecting compliance with laws on statistics for statistical information within their authority to promptly correct, supplement, and adjust any errors, omissions, and inaccuracies in statistical reports. Amending or supplementing relevant information related to statistical reports upon request from the receiving agency or organization.

4. Other responsibilities as prescribed by law and stipulated in this Circular.

Article 12. Responsibilities of Receiving Agencies and Organizations

Receiving agencies and organizations have the authority and responsibility to:

1. Verify, cross-check, process, and compile statistical information from basic statistical reports to prepare comprehensive statistical reports.

2. Timely notify agencies, organizations, and individuals implementing the basic statistical reporting system about any errors found in the reviewed statistical reports.

3. When necessary, receiving agencies and organizations shall cooperate with relevant agencies and organizations inside and outside the Justice Sector to cross-check information to ensure the accuracy and completeness of statistical information submitted by the reporting agencies and organizations.

4. Send comprehensive reports to users as prescribed.

Article 13. Amendments and Supplements to Statistical Information

1. When it is necessary to amend or supplement statistical information in already submitted basic statistical reports, the agencies, organizations, or individuals implementing the reporting system shall be responsible for sending supplementary explanations regarding the amendments and supplements in writing to the receiving agencies and organizations.

2. Documents amending or supplementing statistical information must clearly state the date of preparation of the report and be stamped and signed by the Head of the agency or organization preparing the statistical report. In cases where the reporting entity is an individual, the document amending or supplementing statistical information must clearly state the date of preparation of the report and be signed by the individual preparing the report.

3. Documents amending or supplementing statistical information must be sent to the receiving agencies and organizations before the deadline for the receiving agencies and organizations to submit the statistical report to higher levels as prescribed.

4. In cases where agencies, organizations, or individuals implementing the reporting system fail to make adjustments or supplements to statistical information as required by the receiving agencies and organizations, such information shall be left blank in the comprehensive statistical report and must be noted clearly in the report of the receiving agency or organization.

Chapter III

COMBINED STATISTICAL REPORTING SYSTEM

Article 14. Scope of Statistics

Agencies and organizations implementing the comprehensive reporting system shall collect and aggregate statistical information from basic statistical reports, results of statistical surveys, and sources of information from other relevant agencies and organizations in accordance with the provisions of this Circular and the law within their functions and tasks to gather statistical information for management purposes within the sector and to collect and aggregate statistical data under national statistical indicators as prescribed by law.

Article 15. Agencies and Organizations Implementing Comprehensive Reporting System

1. The agencies and organizations implementing the comprehensive reporting system of the Justice Sector include:

a) People's Committee at district level (Justice Office);

b) People's Committee at provincial level (Department of Justice);

c) Other agencies and organizations responsible for reporting to the Ministry of Justice as prescribed by law.

2. The name of the agency or organization implementing the comprehensive reporting system shall be specifically recorded at the top right corner of each statistical form or stated in the explanation section of the form for statistical forms related to forensic examination, collateral registration, and state compensation.

Article 16. Agencies and Organizations Receiving Comprehensive Statistical Reports

1. The agencies and organizations receiving comprehensive statistical reports as stipulated in this Circular include:

a) Provincial People's Committees (Department of Justice);

b) Provincial Statistics Offices;

c) Ministry of Justice (Planning and Finance Department).

d) Other agencies and organizations related as prescribed by law.

2. The name of the agency or organization receiving comprehensive statistical reports shall be specifically recorded at the top right corner of each statistical report form or stated in the explanation section of the form for statistical forms related to forensic examination, collateral registration, and state compensation.

Article 17. Structure of Content and List of Statistical Report Forms

1. The structure of content of the comprehensive statistical report is regulated in Article 6 of this Circular.

2. The comprehensive statistical report forms of the Justice Sector for collecting statistical information are defined in this Circular in the fields prescribed in Clause 1, Article 8 of this Circular, except for the field of criminal records.

3. The list of comprehensive statistical report forms of the Justice Sector and detailed forms are specified in Appendix I promulgated together with this Circular.

Article 18. Periods of Comprehensive Statistical Reports in a Year, Time Limit, Method of Sending Comprehensive Statistical Reports, and Correction of Statistical Information

1. Periodic Reports:

a) The period of comprehensive statistical reports and the time point for collecting data for periodic comprehensive statistical reports and comprehensive statistical reports serving national statistical indicators are implemented according to the provisions of Clauses 1 and 2, Article 8 of this Circular.

b) The date of receipt of periodic comprehensive statistical reports is specifically stipulated at the upper left corner of each comprehensive statistical report form issued together with this Circular. For comprehensive statistical reports sent to the Ministry of Justice (Planning and Finance Department), the latest receipt date is 25 days from the end of the statistical period.

2. The period of comprehensive statistical reports and the time for sending reports for ad hoc comprehensive statistical reports are carried out according to the provisions of Clause 3, Article 8 and Clause 2, Article 9 of this Circular.

3. The method of sending comprehensive statistical reports is implemented according to the provisions of Article 10 of this Circular; corrections and supplements to statistical information are carried out according to the provisions of Article 13 of this Circular.

Article 19. Responsibilities of agencies and organizations implementing the reporting and statistical summary system

1. Collecting, summarizing statistical information, preparing and submitting reports in accordance with the provisions of the law and this Circular.

2. Preparing truthful, accurate, and complete statistical summary reports based on information from statistical surveys, basic statistical reports, and other sources; calculating and summarizing indicators in accordance with the content and methods prescribed by law and the guidance provided in this Circular; being responsible under the law for the contents of the reports.

3. Self-inspecting, correcting, and supplementing statistical information related to statistical reports when discovering errors, omissions, or inaccuracies in the statistical reports or upon request of the agency or organization receiving the report.

4. Send comprehensive reports to users as prescribed.

5. Other responsibilities as stipulated by law.

Article 20. Responsibilities of agencies and organizations receiving reports

1. Agencies and organizations receiving reports as stipulated at point a, c, d of Article 16 of this Circular have the authority and responsibility:

a) Monitoring and urging individuals and organizations to implement statistical reporting forms received by their own agency or organization in accordance with the regulations;

b) Checking statistical reports sent according to Clause 1, Article 12 of this Circular.

c) Preparing truthful, accurate, and complete statistical summary reports based on data from basic statistical reports, data from statistical surveys (if any), and other relevant information; calculating and summarizing statistical data in accordance with the content and methods prescribed for statistical summary reports in this Circular.

2. The Department of Planning and Finance, Ministry of Justice (hereinafter referred to as the Department of Planning and Finance) shall be responsible for receiving statistical reports from agencies and organizations implementing the basic statistical reporting system for the fields specified in point k, Clause 1, Article 7 and from agencies and organizations implementing the statistical summary reporting system as stipulated in Article 15 of this Circular; classifying and transferring statistical reports to relevant agencies and organizations within the Ministry of Justice within two days from the date of receipt of the report.

3. Agencies and organizations under the Ministry of Justice (hereinafter referred to as agencies and organizations under the Ministry) shall be responsible for compiling statistical reports to serve management activities of the Sector within the scope of fields specified in Clause 1, Article 7 of this Circular and sending statistical information results to the Department of Planning and Finance within five days from the date of receipt of the statistical report as stipulated in Clause 2 of this Article.

4. The Department of Planning and Finance shall be responsible for urging and checking the results of processing statistical reports submitted by agencies and organizations under the Ministry; taking the lead and coordinating with the Ministry's Office to compile key statistical information to timely serve the mid-year and annual summaries of the Sector's work and to serve the compilation and publication of statistical information in other official documents of the Ministry and Sector as required by the Minister.

5. The Civil Enforcement General Department and the Legal Aid Department of the Ministry of Justice shall be responsible for coordinating with the Department of Planning and Finance and the Information Technology Department of the Ministry in compiling statistical information to serve the mid-year and annual summaries of the Sector's work, serving the construction of the Statistical Yearbook, general statistical reports of the Justice Sector, and incorporating them into the Sector's common statistical database.

The deadline for submitting periodic six-monthly and annual statistical information from the above two agencies and organizations to the Department of Planning and Finance is no later than May 2nd and November 2nd of the reporting year.

6. The Department of Planning and Finance shall be responsible for organizing the preparation of the Justice Sector's statistical summary report and submitting it to the General Statistics Office in accordance with the law.

Chapter IV

STATISTICAL INVESTIGATION

Article 21. Statistical Investigation

1. The statistical investigation of the Justice Sector shall be carried out to collect statistical information from organizations and individuals in the following cases:

a) Statistical investigation to collect statistical information from organizations that are not required to implement the statistical reporting system;

b) Statistical investigation to supplement information from organizations that implement the statistical reporting system;

c) Statistical investigation to collect information from individuals when necessary;

d) Statistical investigation to collect statistical information when there is an urgent need.

2. Statistical investigations shall be conducted according to plans or on an urgent basis.

Article 22. Scope and Authority for Statistical Investigation

1. The Planning and Finance Department shall act as the focal point to compile the demand for statistical investigations of agencies and organizations under the Ministry, submit them to the Minister of Justice for consideration and decision, and send them to the General Statistics Office in the second quarter of the year preceding the five-year socio-economic development plan period and annually.

2. The Minister of Justice shall decide on statistical investigations assigned within the National Statistical Survey Program and statistical investigations of the Justice Sector outside the National Statistical Survey Program to collect information on indicators serving the management needs of the Justice Sector but not included in the national statistical indicator system.

3. Agencies and organizations under the Ministry shall be responsible for drafting the content of the statistical investigation plan according to their assigned fields, submit it to the Planning and Finance Department for consolidation into the Ministry's overall statistical investigation plan, and submit it to the Minister for approval.

Article 23. Main Contents of the Statistical Investigation Plan

The statistical investigation plan includes the following main contents: names of surveys, survey content, survey methods, time periods, survey dates, conducting agencies (lead agency, cooperating agency), and budget estimates to ensure implementation.

Article 24. Formulating Survey Plans and Organizing Statistical Investigation Activities

1. The statistical investigation plan of the Justice Sector shall include objectives, requirements, scope, subjects, investigating agencies and organizations, survey forms, survey methods, calculation and synthesis methods for survey indicators, survey duration, budget and other material conditions to ensure implementation, and responsibilities of related organizations and individuals.

2. For each statistical investigation, agencies and organizations under the Ministry shall be responsible for drafting the content of the survey plan and submitting it to the Planning and Finance Department for professional statistical comments.

The Planning and Finance Department shall be responsible for providing comments and consolidating the survey plans of the Ministry and sending them to the General Statistics Office for professional review before submitting them to the Minister of Justice for approval.

3. When there is a need for urgent statistical investigation, the lead agency or organization responsible for formulating the survey plan shall comply with the provisions of Clause 1 of this Article and submit the survey plan to the Planning and Finance Department for comments before sending it to the General Statistics Office for professional review. Based on the opinions of the General Statistics Office and other comments, the lead agency or organization shall complete the survey plan and submit it to the Minister of Justice for a decision on urgent investigation.

4. Agencies and organizations under the Ministry shall cooperate with relevant agencies, organizations, and localities to organize the implementation of statistical investigation activities after the survey plans mentioned in Clauses 2 and 3 of this Article have been approved.

Article 25. Powers and responsibilities of the investigative agency, persons conducting statistical investigations, and the responsibilities of organizations and individuals subject to statistical investigations

1. The investigative agency and persons conducting statistical investigations under the Department of Justice have the rights and obligations as prescribed in Article 15 of the Statistics Law; they must be responsible for the objectivity and accuracy of the investigation information, and keep confidential such information in accordance with the provisions of the law.

2. Organizations and individuals who are subjects of statistical investigations conducted by the Department of Justice have the rights and obligations as prescribed in Article 16 of the Statistics Law, and shall be notified about the decision on the statistical investigation, its purpose, requirements, and time frame at least 15 days before the investigation begins; in case of urgent investigations, the notification period is five days prior to the start of the investigation.

3. In cases where indirect investigation methods are employed, organizations and individuals subject to statistical investigations must truthfully and fully record according to the requirements of the investigation form and submit within the stipulated time to the investigative agency.

Chapter V

EXPLOITATION AND USE OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION DATABASES; ANNOUNCEMENT AND USE OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION

STATISTICS; ANNOUNCEMENT AND USE OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION

Article 26. Exploitation and use of statistical information databases and application of information technology in statistical work

1. The statistical database of the Department of Justice consists of statistical information within the management domain of the Department, stored in the form of written records and electronic data files in the computer network system, including primary statistical databases and aggregated statistical databases.

2. The updating, management, exploitation, and use of the statistical database of the Department of Justice are detailed in the Regulation on Updating, Managing, Exploiting, and Using Statistical Databases of the Department, consistent with the provisions of the Statistics Law and the State Secrets Protection Law applicable to the Department of Justice.

3. The Department of Information Technology of the Ministry of Justice is responsible for leading and coordinating with the Department of Planning and Finance, the Civil Enforcement General Department, the Legal Aid Department, and other relevant agencies and organizations to develop the Regulation on Updating, Managing, Exploiting, and Using Statistical Databases of the Department, and to implement activities aimed at enhancing the application of information technology in the statistical work of the Department of Justice.

Article 27. Announcement of statistical information

1. The Minister of Justice decides on the announcement of statistical information within the scope of state management over judicial affairs in accordance with the law and this Circular. Statistical information of the Department belonging to the national statistical index system, and statistical information contained in documents listed in the top-secret and secret categories of the State Secrets Directory issued together with Decision No. 18/2004/QĐ-TTg dated February 12, 2004, shall not be announced.

2. Statistical information decided to be announced by the Minister of Justice has legal value and no organization or individual may alter it.

3. Statistical information of the Department of Justice is announced through the following forms and means: Statistical Yearbook; publication on the Ministry of Justice's official website and other official documents of the Ministry based on approval by the Minister of Justice.

4. The annual Statistical Yearbook of the Department of Justice must be published no later than June 30 of the following year. The Department of Planning and Finance is responsible for leading and coordinating with the Civil Enforcement General Department, the Legal Aid Department, and other agencies and organizations within the Ministry to compile the Statistical Yearbook of the Department of Justice; coordinating with the Department of Information Technology and other agencies and organizations within the Ministry to edit and publish statistical information on the Ministry of Justice's official website.

Article 28. Use and Management of Statistical Information

1. The statistical information of the Sector that has been published by the Minister of Justice in accordance with this Circular is public property. All organizations and individuals are equal in accessing and using the published statistical information.

3. The Planning and Finance Department shall be responsible for leading and coordinating with the Ministry's Office and other units under the Ministry to carry out activities related to building, analyzing, storing, and exploiting general statistical information of the Justice Sector and other assigned activities to assist the Minister in uniformly managing statistical information of the Sector in accordance with the law and the provisions of this Circular.

3. The Planning and Finance Department shall be responsible for leading and coordinating with the Information Technology Agency, the Ministry's Office, and other relevant agencies and organizations to assist the Minister in uniformly managing the statistical information of the Sector in accordance with the law and the provisions of this Circular.

Chapter VI

IMPLEMENTATION

Article 29. Responsibility for organizing implementation

1. Heads of Ministries, ministerial-level agencies, agencies under the Government, and Chairpersons of People's Committees at provincial level within their assigned tasks and authorities shall be responsible for organizing the implementation of the provisions of this Circular and arranging conditions to ensure its implementation.

2. The subjects mentioned in Clause 2, Article 1 of this Circular shall be responsible for implementing this Circular.

3. The Planning and Finance Department shall lead and coordinate with agencies and organizations under the Ministry and other relevant agencies and organizations to organize the implementation of this Circular nationwide.

Within their assigned authority and tasks, the Planning and Finance Department shall lead the organization of inspections on compliance with laws on statistics by agencies and organizations that submit reports. Inspections shall be conducted regularly or at random according to specific topics in each field or by region.

4. The Department of Justice shall be responsible for assisting the People's Committee at provincial level in organizing the implementation of this Circular locally.

5. Heads of agencies and organizations under the Ministry of Justice, Directors of Departments of Justice, and Heads of relevant agencies and organizations within their assigned authorities shall be responsible for organizing the implementation, monitoring, inspecting, and urging the implementation of the reporting system and other statistical activities stipulated in this Circular to ensure the provision of complete, accurate, and timely statistical information.

Article 30. Effective Date

1. This Circular takes effect from May 20, 2011.

2. The obsolete forms in currently effective documents are specified in Seal Registration Certificate the accompanying documents of this Circular. Forms for reporting by the Justice Sector not provided in this Circular shall be applied in accordance with other currently effective regulatory documents.

3. In cases where specialized Circulars on statistics in the areas of Civil Enforcement and Legal Aid do not provide regulations, the provisions of this Circular shall apply.

4. During the implementation process, if there are difficulties or obstacles, they should be promptly reported to the Ministry of Justice for research and resolution./.