Circular number 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism amends and supplements certain provisions in the Circulars regulating the code number, occupational title standards, and salary grading for library professionals. Specifically, this circular abolishes the phrase 'exam or' at various points and adjusts some related contents concerning the occupational title standards and salary grading for library professionals. The new circular takes effect from January 15, 2026.
Đối tượng áp dụng
Library professionals in organizations under the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism
Các điểm cốt lõi
- Abolish the phrase 'exam or' at various points
- Adjust occupational title standards for library professionals
- Amend the regulations on salary grading for library professionals
- The circular takes effect from January 15, 2026.
- Provisions related to 'exam or' have been abolished according to Circular number 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL
🌐 Tác động xã hội từ văn bản này
- Improve personnel management quality in the library sector
- Continue to reform regulations on occupational titles and salary grading for library professionals.
- Help organizations under the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism better implement recruitment and training of human resources.
❓ Câu hỏi thường gặp
When does this circular take effect?
Circular number 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL takes effect from January 15, 2026.
Which points in this circular have the phrases 'exam or' been abolished?
The phrase 'exam or' is abolished according to Clause 2, Article 8 of Circular number 15/2025/TT-BHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism.
How does this circular affect library professionals?
This circular helps adjust the occupational title standards and salary grading for library professionals, thereby improving personnel management quality in the library sector.
Toàn văn
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| SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIET NAM
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CIRCULAR
Regulations on code numbers, occupational standards, and salary grading for library professionals
Circular No. 02/2022/TT-BVHTTDL dated July 1, 2022, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism stipulates code numbers, occupational standards, and salary grading for library professionals, which shall take effect from August 15, 2022, and has been amended and supplemented by:
Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism amending and supplementing certain articles of circulars stipulating code numbers, occupational standards, and salary grading for professionals in cultural heritage, libraries, grassroots culture, sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
Pursuant to the Civil Servant Law dated November 15, 2010;
Pursuant to the Library Law on November 21, 2019;
Pursuant to the Law Amending and Supplementing Certain Articles of the Civil Servants and Public Officials Law and the Public Service Law on November 25, 2019;
Pursuant to Decree No. 204/2004/NĐ-CP dated December 14, 2004, of the Government on salary system for civil servants, public officials, and armed forces personnel, and Decree No. 17/2013/NĐ-CP dated February 19, 2013, of the Government amending and supplementing certain articles of Decree No. 204/2004/NĐ-CP dated December 14, 2004, of the Government on salary system for civil servants, public officials, and armed forces personnel;
Pursuant to Decree No. 79/2017/NĐ-CP dated July 17, 2017, of the Government stipulating functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism;
Pursuant to Government Decree No. 115/2020/NĐ-CP dated September 25, 2020, on recruitment, utilization, and management of civil servants;
The phrase "or examination" is abolished pursuant to Clause 6, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, of the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars prescribing job codes, qualification standards, and salary grades for civil servants in the heritage culture, library, grassroots cultural activities, sports, fine arts, art performance, film, and cultural propaganda sectors, which takes effect from January 15, 2026.
The Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism issues this Circular stipulating code numbers, occupational standards, and salary grading for library professionals[1].
Chapter I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1. Scope of Regulation and Applicability
Article 1. This Circular stipulates code numbers, occupational standards, and salary grading for library professionals.
Article 2. This Circular applies to library professionals working in public service units and related organizations and individuals.
Article 2. Code Numbers and Classification of Occupational Titles for Library Professionals
The occupational titles for library professionals include:
1. Library Officer Grade I Code Number: V.10.02.30
2. Library Officer Grade II Code Number: V.10.02.05
3. Library Officer Grade III Code Number: V.10.02.06
4. Library Officer Grade IV Code Number: V.10.02.07
Article 3. General Professional Ethics Standards for Library Professionals
Point 1. Demonstrate responsibility towards assigned tasks, comply with legal regulations; fulfill all duties of a public official in professional activities.
Point 2. Be passionate about the profession, honest, objective, and straightforward; work scientifically with clear opinions; maintain humility and propriety when interacting with the public; be vigilant against wrongful and negative behaviors; practice thrift and oppose waste.
Point 3. Respect the right of all social strata to access and use library services according to the law. Have a sense of improvement and enhancement of library product and service quality.
4. Foster unity, be proactive and actively cooperate with colleagues to accomplish assigned tasks.
5. Continuously study and improve moral qualities, competence, and capabilities.
Chapter II. OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS
Article 4. Library Officer Level I - Code: V.10.02.30
1. Duties:
a) Lead the development of long-term, medium-term, annual plans, and reading culture development plans for the unit and organize their implementation after approval;
b) Lead the research and application of scientific and technological achievements, digital transformation in library activities;
c) Lead the organization of specialized and professional library activities according to the provisions of the law and other activities aimed at promoting reading culture development;
d) Lead the establishment or improvement of national database systems, national bibliographic information, national and international union catalogs;
đ) Lead the establishment or improvement of library business processes;
e) Lead or participate in the establishment of national standards in library activities;
g) Participate in drafting regulatory legal documents, policies, strategies for library and reading culture development;
h) Develop program content, compile materials, and organize professional training and guidance for lower-level library officers;
2. Qualifications regarding education and training:
a)[2] Hold a master's degree or higher in information/library science. In cases where a master's degree or higher is obtained in another field, must have a certificate of professional knowledge and skills training in information/library science issued by authorized agencies or organizations, or hold a diploma or higher in information/library science;
b) Hold a certificate of professional title standard training for library staff;
3. Qualifications regarding professional expertise and skills:
a) Proficient in Party guidelines and state policies, strategies for library and reading culture development;
b) Have in-depth knowledge of library professional practices;
c) Possess analytical, synthesis, systematization capabilities, and the ability to propose and advise on policy and legal document construction related to libraries;
d) Possess the ability to organize and direct the application of scientific and technological advancements to improve and enhance the quality and effectiveness of library work;
đ) Have basic computer skills and be able to use foreign languages or ethnic minority languages for staff working in ethnic minority areas as required by job positions;
4. Requirements for staff candidates[3] Consider promotion to the position of Library Officer Level I:
a) Have worked in the position of Library Officer Level II or equivalent for at least six years. If there is equivalent time, must have held the position of Library Officer Level II for at least one year (twelve months) up to the deadline for submitting registration applications;[4] b) Meet one of the following requirements:
b) During the period working in the position of Library Officer Level II or equivalent, lead the research and development of at least two topics, projects, programs of scientific research at the ministry level or higher in the field of libraries, which have been accepted and approved by authorized bodies, or lead the establishment and improvement of national database systems, national bibliographic information, national and international union catalogs;
Article 5. Library Officer Level II - Code: V.10.02.05
1. Duties:
a) Lead the development of long-term, medium-term, and annual plans for assigned specialized and professional library activities and organize their implementation after approval;
b) Lead or participate in the research and application of scientific and technological achievements in library activities;
c) Participate in organizing specialized and professional library activities according to the provisions of the law and other activities aimed at promoting reading culture development;
d) Participate in establishing national standards in library activities;
đ) Participate in summarizing, evaluating, proposing amendments, supplements, and improvements to library business processes;
e) Participate in developing program content, compiling materials, and participating in professional training and guidance for lower-level library officers;
2. Qualifications regarding education and training:
a)[5] Hold a bachelor's degree or higher in information/library science. In cases where a bachelor's degree or higher is obtained in another field, must have a certificate of professional knowledge and skills training in information/library science issued by authorized agencies or organizations, or hold a diploma or higher in information/library science;
b) Hold a certificate of professional title standard training for library staff;
3. Qualifications regarding professional expertise and skills:
a) Proficient in Party guidelines and state policies, strategies for library and reading culture development;
b) Understand knowledge about library professional practices;
c) Possess analytical, synthesis, systematization capabilities, and the ability to propose amendments, supplements, and improvements to assigned library business processes;
d) Have basic information technology skills, be able to use foreign languages or ethnic minority languages for staff working in ethnic minority regions as required by job positions;
4. Requirements for staff candidates[6] Consider promotion to the position of Library Officer Level II:
a) Have worked in the position of Library Officer Level III or equivalent for at least nine years (excluding probationary and trial periods). If there is equivalent time, must have held the position of Library Officer Level III for at least one year (twelve months) up to the deadline for submitting registration applications;[7] b) Meet one of the following requirements:
b) During the period working in the position of Library Officer Level III or equivalent, participate in researching and developing at least one topic, project, program of scientific research, regulatory legal documents, professional documents, technical improvement initiatives in the field of libraries at the grassroots level or higher, which have been issued, accepted, or approved by authorized bodies.
Article 6. Library Officer Level III - Code: V.10.02.06
1. Duties:
a) Develop annual plans for assigned library professional tasks and organize their implementation after approval;
b) Carry out library professional and vocational activities as assigned;
c) Participate in researching and applying scientific and technological achievements in library operations.
2. Qualifications regarding education and training:
a)[8] Hold a bachelor's degree or higher in information/library science. In cases where a bachelor's degree or higher is obtained in another field, must have a certificate of professional knowledge and skills training in information/library science issued by authorized agencies or organizations, or hold a diploma or higher in information/library science;
b) Hold a certificate of professional title standard training for library staff;
3. Qualifications regarding professional expertise and skills:
a) Understand the Party's guidelines and policies, state laws, strategies for library development and reading culture;
b) Master professional knowledge and skills in libraries;
c) Possess analytical and synthesis capabilities for issues entrusted to advise on and manage;
d) Have the ability to guide library users to utilize library facilities to access and exploit information;
đ) Have basic computer skills and be able to use foreign languages or ethnic minority languages for staff working in ethnic minority areas as required by job positions;
4. Requirements for staff candidates[9] Consideration for promotion to the rank of Library Officer Level III:
Must have worked in the position of Library Officer Level IV or equivalent for at least two years (excluding probation and trial periods) for college level or at least three years (excluding probation and trial periods) for secondary level. In cases with equivalent time, there must be at least one year (full twelve months) holding the rank of Library Officer Level IV up to the deadline for submitting registration applications.[10] for promotion.
Article 7. Library Officer Level IV - Code: V.10.02.07
1. Duties:
a) Process information resources, including: technical processing, formal processing, organizing simple and popular information resources;
b) Organize information resources, including: organizing various types of materials in the material repository and performing manual procedures in preserving various types of materials;
c) Participate in inventory and purging of information resources as assigned;
d) Directly serve library users.
2. Qualifications regarding education and training:
a) Hold a diploma in library and information science or higher. In case of graduation from other majors at secondary level or higher, must hold a certificate of professional knowledge and skill training in library and information science issued by authorized agencies or organizations.
b) Hold a certificate of professional title standard training for library staff;
3. Qualifications regarding professional expertise and skills:
a) Understand legal regulations concerning library work;
b) Have basic knowledge of library vocational practices;
c) Possess the ability to guide library users to access and exploit information and libraries;
d) Be capable of applying information technology to perform assigned tasks;
e) Proficiently use technical equipment and devices serving task requirements.
Chapter III. SALARY GRADING FOR PROFESSIONAL RANKS OF LIBRARY SPECIALISTS
Article 8. Principles for salary grading for professional ranks of library specialists
1. The appointment and salary grading for professional ranks of library specialists as stipulated in this Circular must be based on the job positions, responsibilities, duties, and professional and vocational expertise currently held by the specialist.
2. When appointing and grading salaries for professional ranks of library specialists corresponding to each other, it shall not combine salary increments or promotions in professional ranks of specialists.
Article 9. Salary Grading Method
1. The professional ranks of library specialists stipulated in this Circular apply Table 3 (Table of Professional and Vocational Salaries for State Employees in Public Institutions) promulgated together with Decree No. 204/2004/NĐ-CP dated December 14, 2004 of the Government on the salary system for cadres, civil servants, employees, and armed forces personnel, specifically as follows:
a) The professional rank of Library Officer Level I applies to grade A3, group 2 (A3.2) of employee types, from coefficient 5.75 to coefficient 7.55;
b) The professional rank of Library Officer Level II applies to grade A2, group 2 (A2.2) of employee types, from coefficient 4.00 to coefficient 6.38;
c) The professional rank of Library Officer Level III applies to grade A1 of employee types, from coefficient 2.34 to coefficient 4.98;
d) The professional rank of Library Officer Level IV applies to grade B of employee types, from coefficient 1.86 to coefficient 4.06.
2.[11] After completing the probationary period according to regulations, civil servants will be appointed and have their salary grade set as follows:
a) In the case of hiring an employee with a bachelor's degree suitable for the recruited position, appointed to the professional rank of Library Officer Level III: grade 1, coefficient 2.34, grade A1 of employee types;
b) In the case of hiring an employee with a secondary degree suitable for the recruited position, appointed to the professional rank of Library Officer Level IV: grade 1, coefficient 1.86, grade B of employee types.
c) In cases where civil servants are recruited with a higher level of education than required under points a and b of this clause, each higher level of education will be added one salary grade.
3. The transfer of salary grading for employees moving from their current professional ranks to the professional ranks of library specialists stipulated in this Circular shall be implemented according to the guidance provided in Section II of Circular No. 02/2007/TT-BNV dated May 25, 2007 of the Minister of Home Affairs guiding salary grading when upgrading grades, transferring grades, and changing types of civil servants and employees.
Chapter IV. IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS
Article 10. Implementation Organization
1. This Circular serves as the basis for the recruitment, utilization, and management of library professionals currently working in public service units.
2. The heads of public service units directly managing and utilizing staff shall be responsible for reviewing job positions within their units; deciding or submitting to competent authorities for approval the appointment of occupational titles of library professionals according to the delegated authority.
3. Non-public service organizations may apply the provisions of this Circular for the recruitment, utilization, and management of personnel in the library profession.
Article 11. Transitional Provisions
1. Library professionals who have been appointed to occupational titles in the library profession in accordance with the law prior to the effective date of this Circular shall be deemed to meet the requirements regarding the occupational title standards of library professionals as stipulated in this Circular corresponding to the occupational titles they have been appointed to.
2. Library professionals who had obtained certificates for training on occupational title standards before June 30, 2022, in accordance with Clause 3, Article 2 of Decree No. 89/2021/NĐ-CP dated October 18, 2021, amending and supplementing certain articles of Decree No. 101/2017/NĐ-CP dated September 1, 2017, on training and upgrading cadres, civil servants, and public officials shall be deemed to meet the requirements for certificates for training on occupational title standards of library professionals for consideration of transferring occupational titles, participating in the examination period for promotion of occupational titles, and are not required to undergo the training program on occupational title standards of library professionals as prescribed in this Circular.[12] consider promotion to occupational rank and exempt from participating in the standard occupational rank training program for specialized library staff as prescribed in this Circular.
Article 12. Effective Date and Responsibility for Implementation
1. This Circular takes effect from August 15, 2022.
2. The Circular Jointly Issued No. 02/2015/TTLT-BVHTTDL-BNV dated May 19, 2015, by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism and the Minister of Home Affairs, concerning the code numbers and occupational title standards of library professionals, is hereby abolished.
3. In cases where the referenced documents in this Circular are amended, supplemented, or replaced, implementation shall be carried out according to the amended, supplemented, or replaced documents.
4. The Minister, Heads of Ministries equivalent to Ministries, Heads of Government Agencies, Chairmen of Provincial People's Committees under the Central Government, and related agencies, units, and individuals are responsible for implementing this Circular.
5. During the implementation process, if any difficulties arise, it is requested that agencies, units, and individuals promptly report to the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism for research and appropriate amendments and supplements.
| MINISTRY OF CULTURE, SPORTS AND TOURISM Number: 6947/VBHN-BVHTTDL
| CERTIFIED CONSOLIDATED DOCUMENT
Hanoi, December 19, 2025
DEPUTY MINISTER |
____________________________________
[1] Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, is based on the following grounds:
Pursuant to the Civil Servant Law dated November 15, 2010;
Pursuant to the Law Amending and Supplementing Certain Articles of the Cadre and Civil Servant Law and the Civil Servant Law dated November 25, 2019; Pursuant to Decree No. 204/2004/NĐ-CP dated December 14, 2004, of the Government on salary system for cadres, civil servants, public officials, and armed forces, and Decree No. 17/2013/NĐ-CP dated February 19, 2013, of the Government amending and supplementing certain articles of Decree No. 204/2004/NĐ-CP dated December 14, 2004, on salary system for cadres, civil servants, public officials, and armed forces;
Pursuant to Decree No. 204/2004/NĐ-CP dated December 14, 2004, of the Government on salary system for civil servants, public officials, and armed forces personnel, and Decree No. 17/2013/NĐ-CP dated February 19, 2013, of the Government amending and supplementing certain articles of Decree No. 204/2004/NĐ-CP dated December 14, 2004, of the Government on salary system for civil servants, public officials, and armed forces personnel;
Pursuant to Decree No. 85/2023/NĐ-CP dated December 7, 2023, of the Government amending and supplementing certain articles of Decree No. 115/2020/NĐ-CP dated September 25, 2020, on recruitment, utilization, and management of civil servants;
Based on the proposal of the Director of the Cadre and Civil Servant Department;
Pursuant to Decree No. 85/2023/NĐ-CP dated December 7, 2023, of the Government, amending and supplementing certain articles of Decree No. 115/2020/NĐ-CP dated September 25, 2020, on the recruitment, utilization, and management of public officials;
The phrase "or examination" is abolished pursuant to Clause 6, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, of the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars prescribing job codes, qualification standards, and salary grades for civil servants in the heritage culture, library, grassroots cultural activities, sports, fine arts, art performance, film, and cultural propaganda sectors, which takes effect from January 15, 2026.
The Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism issues this Circular amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals.
[2] This point has been amended in accordance with Clause 1, Article 2 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[3] The phrase "exam or" has been abolished in accordance with Clause 2, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[4] The phrase "exam or" has been abolished in accordance with Clause 2, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[5] This point has been amended in accordance with Clause 2, Article 2 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[6] The phrase "exam or" has been abolished in accordance with Clause 2, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[7] The phrase "exam or" has been abolished in accordance with Clause 2, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[8] This point has been amended in accordance with Clause 2, Article 2 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[9] The phrase "exam or" has been abolished in accordance with Clause 2, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[10] The phrase "exam or" has been abolished in accordance with Clause 2, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[11] This clause has been amended and supplemented in accordance with Clause 3, Article 2 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[12] The phrase "exam or" has been abolished in accordance with Clause 2, Article 8 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BVHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism, amending and supplementing certain articles of Circulars regulating code numbers, occupational title standards, and salary grades of cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda professionals, which shall take effect from January 15, 2026.
[13] Article 9 of Circular No. 15/2025/TT-BHTTDL dated November 25, 2025, issued by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism amending and supplementing certain provisions of Circulars stipulating code numbers, job title standards, and salary grading for specialized cultural heritage, library, grassroots culture, physical education and sports, fine arts, performing arts, cinema, and cultural propaganda cadre positions shall take effect from January 15, 2026, and is specified as follows:
“Article 9. Implementation Provisions
1. This Circular takes effect from January 15, 2026.
2. In the course of implementation, if there are any difficulties, agencies, units, and individuals are requested to promptly report to the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism for study and appropriate amendment and supplementation./.
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