Law on Vocational Training No. 76/2006/QH11

LAW

Vocational Training

Based on the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1992, amended and supplemented by Resolution No. 51/2001/QH10 dated December 25, 2001 of the 10th National Assembly, session 10;

This Law stipulates on vocational training.

PART I

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1. Scope of Regulation

This Law stipulates on the organization and operation of vocational training institutions; rights and obligations of organizations and individuals participating in vocational training activities.

Article 2. Applicability

This Law applies to organizations and individuals participating in vocational training activities and those related to such activities in Vietnam.

Article 3. Application of the Vocational Training Law

1. Vocational training activities and management of vocational training must comply with the provisions of this Law and other relevant laws.

2. In cases where international treaties to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a party have different provisions from those of this Law, the provisions of such international treaties shall apply.

Article 4. Objectives of Vocational Training

The objective of vocational training is to train technical personnel directly involved in production and services with practical skills corresponding to their level of education, possessing professional ethics, conscience, discipline, industrial work habits, and health, thereby creating conditions for graduates to find employment, create their own jobs, or pursue higher levels of education, meeting the requirements of national industrialization and modernization.

Article 5. Definitions

In this Law, the following terms shall be understood as follows:

1. Vocational Training It is an educational activity aimed at equipping learners with necessary occupational knowledge, skills, and attitudes to enable them to find employment or create their own jobs upon completion of the course.

2. Module is a unit of study that integrates specialized knowledge, practical skills, and occupational attitudes comprehensively to help learners fully perform a job within a profession.

3. Framework Program specifies the structure of content, quantity, duration of modules, subjects, the ratio of theoretical to practical time, ensuring the objectives for each training profession.

4. Occupational Skill Standards define the level of implementation and the required knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to perform tasks within a profession.

Article 6. Levels of Training in Vocational Education

Vocational training includes three levels of training: primary vocational training, intermediate vocational training, and college-level vocational training. Vocational training comprises regular vocational training and continuous vocational training.

Article 7. State Policy on Vocational Training Development

1. Investment in expanding the network of vocational training institutions, improving the quality of vocational training to ensure the structure of human resources serving the cause of national industrialization and modernization; contributing to implementing分流后的第二部分翻译如下：

2. Targeted investment to innovate the content, programs, and methods of vocational training, develop the teaching staff, modernize equipment, and promote scientific research to enhance the quality of vocational training; focus on building some vocational training institutions to reach the advanced level of the region and the world; pay attention to developing vocational training in areas with particularly difficult economic and social conditions; invest in training professions in demand in the labor market but difficult to implement socialization.

3. Promote the socialization of vocational training activities, encourage Vietnamese organizations and individuals, foreign organizations and individuals, and overseas Vietnamese to establish vocational training institutions and participate in vocational training activities. Encourage artisans and highly skilled individuals to participate in vocational training; encourage and support traditional trades and rural industries. Vocational training institutions are equal in vocational training activities and enjoy land, tax, and credit incentives according to the law.

4. Support groups benefiting from policies for persons with meritorious service, demobilized military personnel, ethnic minorities, poor households, disabled persons, orphans without guardians, agricultural workers whose farmland has been reclaimed, and other social policy beneficiaries to provide them with opportunities to learn vocational skills to find employment, create their own jobs, and establish themselves and their careers.

Article 8. Credit Transfer in Vocational Training

1. Credit transfer in vocational training shall be implemented based on the training program; when a trainee transfers from a lower level of training to a higher level within the same trade or profession, or transfers to another trade or profession at a different level of training, they shall not have to repeat the contents already studied.

2. The principals of schools specified in Articles 22 and 29 of this Law shall decide on modules, courses, or content that trainees do not need to repeat based on the vocational training program.

3. The head of the central state management agency for vocational training shall direct the development of a vocational training program ensuring credit transfer between different levels of training.

4. The Minister of Education and Training shall take the lead and coordinate with the head of the central state management agency for vocational training to stipulate the implementation of credit transfer between intermediate vocational training, advanced vocational training, and university levels within the same field of training.

Article 9. Prohibited Acts in Vocational Training Activities

1. Exploiting vocational training activities for personal gain or overworking trainees.

2. Insulting the dignity, personality, or physically assaulting teachers, managers, staff members of vocational training institutions, and trainees.

3. Fraud in recruitment, examinations, assessments, certification issuance.

Chapter II

VARIOUS LEVELS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING

Section 1

BEGINNER LEVEL VOCATIONAL TRAINING

Article 10. Objectives of Beginner Level Vocational Training

Beginner level vocational training aims to equip trainees with practical skills for a simple trade or a number of tasks within a trade; instill professional ethics, conscience, discipline, industrial work habits, good health, and provide conditions for trainees to find employment, create their own jobs, or continue to higher levels of training upon graduation.

Article 11. Duration of Beginner Level Vocational Training

Beginner level vocational training shall be conducted for three months up to less than one year for individuals with appropriate educational qualifications and health suitable for the trade being learned.

Article 12. Requirements for Content and Methods of Beginner Level Vocational Training

1. The content of beginner level vocational training must align with the objectives of beginner level vocational training, focusing on practical occupational skills, adapting to practical needs and advancements in science and technology.

2. The methods of beginner level vocational training must emphasize the cultivation of practical occupational skills and encourage the initiative and self-awareness of trainees.

Article 13. Program of Beginner Level Vocational Training

1. The program of beginner level vocational training reflects the objectives of beginner level vocational training; it specifies knowledge and skill standards, scope and structure of content, teaching methods and forms, and evaluation criteria for each module and trade.

2. The program of beginner level vocational training shall be compiled and approved by the head of the vocational training institution specified in Article 15 of this Law.

Article 14. Textbooks for Beginner Level Vocational Training

Textbooks for beginner level vocational training detail the requirements for the content of knowledge and skills of each module in the vocational training program, creating conditions for the implementation of active teaching methods. The head of the vocational training institution specified in Article 15 of this Law shall organize the compilation and approval of textbooks as the main teaching and learning materials. to implement active teaching methods. The head of vocational training institutions as stipulated in Article 15 of this Law shall organize the compilation and approval of textbooks as formal teaching and learning materials.

Article 15. Basic Vocational Training Institutions for Primary Level

1. Vocational training centers.

2. Secondary vocational schools and college vocational schools that have registered to provide primary level vocational training.

3. Enterprises, cooperatives, production, business, and service establishments (hereinafter referred to collectively as enterprises), secondary specialized schools, colleges, universities, and other educational institutions that have registered to provide primary level vocational training.

Article 16. Primary Vocational Training Certificate

A trainee who completes the primary vocational training program and meets the required conditions shall be eligible to take the examination; if they pass the requirements, they will be issued a primary vocational training certificate by the head of the vocational training institution specified in Article 15 of this Law, in accordance with the regulations of the head of the central state management agency for vocational training.

Section 2

VOCATIONAL COLLEGE LEVEL

Article 17. Objectives of Intermediate Vocational Training

Intermediate vocational training aims to equip trainees with specialized knowledge and practical skills for a profession; the ability to work independently and apply technology and techniques to their tasks; possess professional ethics, conscience, discipline awareness, industrial manners, good health, and create opportunities for trainees to find employment, self-employment, or continue to higher levels after graduation.

Article 18. Duration of Intermediate Vocational Training

Intermediate vocational training is conducted for one to two years of study depending on the profession for those with a high school diploma; three to four years of study depending on the profession for those with a junior high school diploma.

Article 19. Requirements for Content and Methods of Intermediate Vocational Training

1. The content of intermediate vocational training must align with the objectives of intermediate vocational training, focusing on practical skills for a profession, enhancing academic qualifications according to training requirements, ensuring systematicity, fundamentality, relevance to practice, and scientific and technological development.

2. The methods of intermediate vocational training must combine the cultivation of practical skills with the provision of specialized knowledge and the promotion of positive, self-awareness, and independent working abilities of trainees.

Article 20. Curriculum for Intermediate Vocational Training

1. The curriculum for intermediate vocational training reflects the objectives of intermediate vocational training; it specifies standards of knowledge and skills, scope and structure of content, teaching methods and formats; evaluation methods for each module, subject, and profession.

2. The head of the central state management agency for vocational training shall coordinate with the Ministers, Heads of ministerial-level agencies, and Heads of government agencies involved to organize the construction of a framework curriculum for intermediate vocational training..

3. The head of the central state management agency for vocational training shall establish a review board for the framework curriculum of intermediate vocational training; define the duties, powers, operational methods, and number of members of the board; issue the framework curriculum for intermediate vocational training based on the review results of the review board.

4. Based on the framework curriculum, the principals of the schools specified in Article 22 of this Law shall organize the compilation and approval of their own vocational training curricula.

Article 21. Vocational Training Textbooks for Intermediate Level

Vocational training textbooks for intermediate level specifically detail the requirements for knowledge and skills of each module and subject in the vocational training program, creating conditions to implement active teaching methods. The principals of schools specified in Article 22 of this Law organize the compilation and approval of textbooks as formal teaching and learning materials. to implement active teaching methods. The principals of schools as stipulated in Article 22 of this Law shall organize the compilation and approval of textbooks as formal teaching and learning materials.

Article 22. Vocational Training Institutions for Intermediate Level

1. Intermediate vocational schools.

2. College vocational schools registered to provide intermediate level vocational training.

3. Intermediate specialized schools, colleges, and universities registered to provide intermediate level vocational training.

Article 23. Graduation Certificate for Intermediate Vocational Training

Students who complete the intermediate vocational training program and meet the required conditions shall be eligible to take the examination; if they pass, the principal of the schools specified in Article 22 of this Law shall issue them with an intermediate vocational training graduation certificate according to the regulations of the head of the central state management agency for vocational training.

Section 3

VOCATIONAL COLLEGE

Article 24. Objectives of Vocational Training at the College Level

Vocational training at the college level aims to equip learners with specialized knowledge and practical abilities for a profession, enabling independent work and teamwork organization; fostering creativity, application of technology and techniques in work; solving complex situations in practice; possessing professional ethics, conscience, discipline awareness, industrial demeanor, good health, and creating opportunities for graduates to find employment, create their own jobs, or continue to higher levels of education.

Article 25. Duration of Vocational Training at the College Level

Vocational training at the college level is conducted over two to three years of study for those with a high school diploma; and one to two years of study for those with an intermediate vocational training diploma in the same field.

Article 26. Requirements for Content and Methods of Vocational Training at the College Level

1. The content of vocational training at the college level must align with the objectives of college-level vocational training, focusing on practical job skills, enhancing specialized knowledge according to training requirements, ensuring systematic, fundamental, modern, practical relevance, and meeting scientific and technological advancements.

2. The methods of vocational training at the college level must integrate practical skill development with specialized knowledge acquisition and promote positive, self-aware, dynamic, and team-working capabilities.

Article 27. Higher Vocational Training Program

1. The vocational training program at the college level reflects the objectives of college-level vocational training; it specifies standards for knowledge and skills, scope and structure of content, teaching methods and formats; evaluation methods for each module and subject, and each profession.

2. The head of the central state management agency for vocational training collaborates with the Minister, heads of agencies equivalent to ministries, and heads of government agencies involved to establish the framework for vocational college programs.

3. The head of the central state management agency for vocational training decides to form a committee to review the framework for vocational college programs; defines the tasks, powers, operational methods, and number of members of the committee; promulgates the framework for vocational college programs based on the review results of the committee.

4. Based on the framework, the principal of the schools specified in Article 29 of this Law organizes the compilation and approval of the vocational training program of their institution.

Article 28. Vocational Training Textbooks for College Level

Vocational training textbooks for college level detail the requirements regarding the content of knowledge and skills of each module and subject in the vocational training program, creating conditions to implement active teaching methods. The principals of schools specified in Article 29 of this Law organize the compilation and approval of textbooks as formal teaching and learning materials. to implement active teaching methods. The principals of schools as stipulated in Article 29 of this Law shall organize the compilation and approval of textbooks as formal teaching and learning materials.

Article 29. Vocational Training Institutions at College Level

1. College-level vocational schools.

2. Colleges and universities that have registered to provide vocational training at the college level.

Article 30. College-Level Vocational Graduation Certificate

Students who complete the college-level vocational training program and meet the required conditions shall be eligible to take the examination; if they meet the requirements, the principal of the schools specified in Article 29 of this Law shall issue them with a college-level vocational graduation certificate according to the regulations of the head of the central state management agency for vocational training. in accordance with the regulations of the head of the central state management agency for vocational training.

Section 4

REGULAR VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND CONTINUOUS VOCATIONAL TRAINING

Article 31. Regular Vocational Training

Regular vocational training is implemented with primary, intermediate, and college-level vocational training programs at vocational training institutions specified in Articles 15, 22, and 29 of this Law through concentrated and continuous courses.

Article 32. Continuous Vocational Training

1. Continuous vocational training is implemented with vocational training programs specified in Clause 1, Article 33 of this Law.

2. Continuous vocational training is conducted flexibly in terms of time, location, and training methods to suit the needs of vocational learners, thereby creating opportunities for workers to learn throughout their lives, improve their occupational skill levels to meet market labor demands, and find employment or create their own jobs.

Article 33. Programs and Methods of Continuous Vocational Training

1. Continuous vocational training programs include:

a) Programs for upgrading, enhancing, and updating occupational knowledge and skills;

b) Apprenticeship and master-apprentice training programs;

c) Technology transfer programs;

d) Vocational training programs specified in Articles 13, 20, and 27 of this Law are implemented through work-study or self-study with guidance to obtain primary vocational certificates, intermediate vocational graduation certificates, and college-level vocational graduation certificates.

2. Continuous vocational training methods must promote the initiative and self-learning capacity and experience of vocational learners.

3. The heads of vocational training institutions specified in Article 15 of this Law develop continuous vocational training programs specified in Points a, b, and c of Clause 1 of this Article, organize their implementation, and issue certificates to vocational learners. Certificates must clearly indicate the course content and duration.

Teachers of continuous vocational training programs specified in Points a, b, and c of Clause 1 of this Article are educators, scientists, artisans, and highly skilled individuals.

4. Vocational training institutions specified in Articles 15, 22, and 29 of this Law may only organize the implementation of vocational training programs specified in Point d of Clause 1 of this Article after ensuring the completion of regular vocational training tasks.

Chapter III

ENROLLMENT IN VOCATIONAL TRAINING,

ENROLLMENT IN VOCATIONAL STUDIES, VOCATIONAL STUDY CONTRACTS; EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENTS

Article 34. Enrollment in Vocational Studies

1. Primary vocational enrollment is conducted through a selection process.

2. Intermediate vocational enrollment is conducted through a selection process.

3. College-level vocational enrollment is conducted through either a selection or an examination process.

4. Cases eligible for direct admission to college-level vocational studies include:

a) Individuals holding an intermediate vocational graduation certificate with a good or higher grade who wish to study the same trade or profession.

b) Individuals holding an intermediate vocational graduation certificate who wish to study the same trade or profession if they have at least two years of work experience in the field they were trained in.

5. Vocational enrollment can be conducted once or multiple times a year, depending on the training capacity of the vocational training institution, the duration of the course, and the needs of vocational learners and businesses.

6. Regulations on vocational enrollment are issued by the head of the central state management agency for vocational training.

Article 35. Vocational Training Contract

1. A vocational training contract is an agreement on rights and obligations between the head of the vocational training institution and the trainee.

2. The vocational training contract must be concluded in writing in the following cases:

a) When a business recruits individuals for vocational training to work for the business;

b) When vocational training takes place at a vocational training institution with foreign investment capital.

3. The vocational training contract may be concluded orally or in writing in the following cases:

a) Apprenticeship;

b) On-the-job training at a business.

4. The vocational training contract shall be directly concluded between the head of the vocational training institution and the trainee. In case it is concluded in writing, the vocational training contract shall be drawn up in two identical copies, each party holding one copy.

Article 36. Contents of the Vocational Training Contract

1. The vocational training contract must include the following contents:

a) Name of the trade being learned and skills to be acquired;

b) Place of study and internship location;

c) Time to complete the course;

d) Tuition fee amount and payment method;

đ) Liability for damages of each party when breaching the contract;

e) Other agreements not contrary to the law and social ethics.

2. In case a business recruits individuals for vocational training to work for the business, the vocational training contract, in addition to the contents prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article, shall also include the following contents:

a) Commitment of the trainee regarding the working period for the business;

b) Commitment of the business to conclude a labor contract after completing the training;

c) Payment of wages to the trainee directly or participation in producing products for the business during the training period.

3. For a vocational training contract in the form of on-the-job training at a business, in addition to the contents prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article, there must be an agreement on the time to start receiving wages and the wage rate paid to the trainee according to different periods.

Article 37. Termination of the Vocational Training Contract

1. If the trainee unilaterally terminates the vocational training contract, they will not be refunded tuition fees. However, if the trainee is called up for military service or due to illness, accident, maternity leave, or family difficulties that prevent them from continuing vocational training, they will be refunded the remaining tuition fees already paid.

2. If the vocational training institution unilaterally terminates the vocational training contract, it must notify the trainee at least three working days in advance and refund all tuition fees collected, except for force majeure events as stipulated by civil law.

3. In case a business recruits individuals for vocational training to work for the business, if the trainee does not work according to the commitment, they must compensate for the training costs. The compensation amount shall be agreed upon by both parties in the vocational training contract.

Training costs include reasonable expenses for trainers, teaching materials, practical materials, depreciation costs of workshops, machinery, equipment, and other expenses incurred for the trainee.

Article 38. Examinations and Assessments

1. Examinations and assessments during vocational training include periodic examinations; module and subject examinations according to the published program; graduation examinations or final course examinations.

2. The head of the central state management agency for vocational training shall issue examination and assessment regulations.

Chapter IV

VOCATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTIONS

Section 1

ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTERS,

VOCATIONAL COLLEGES, VOCATIONAL COLLEGES

Article 39. Types of vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools

1. Public vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools established by the State shall have the State invest in building physical facilities and ensure funding for regular expenses.

2. Private vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools established by organizations or individuals shall have such organizations or individuals invest in building physical facilities and ensure funding for regular expenses.

3. Vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools with foreign investment established through joint ventures or wholly foreign-owned enterprises shall be invested in and have their physical facilities built by foreign organizations, individuals, or overseas Vietnamese, and ensure funding for regular expenses.

Article 40. Conditions for establishing vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools

1. Vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools shall be established when they have project proposals ensuring the following main conditions:

a) Possessing premises, financial capability, and theoretical and practical teaching equipment suitable to the trade, level, and scale of training;

b) Having a teaching staff and management team sufficient in number, structurally coherent, meeting standards of quality, qualifications, and vocational skills to implement the objectives and training programs.

2. Specific conditions for establishing vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools shall be stipulated by the head of the central state agency managing vocational training. c) Publicly-owned science and technology organizations must comply with state regulations on expenditure levels, standards, and quotas for official vehicles; standards and quotas for office space; standards and quotas for official telephones at home and mobile phones; foreign travel expense regulations; foreign reception and international conference regulations in Vietnam.

Article 41. Authority, procedures for establishing, permitting establishment, suspending operations, merging, splitting, dividing, and dissolving vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools

1. The authority to establish public vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools and permit the establishment of private vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools is defined as follows:

a) The Chairman of the People's Committee of provinces and centrally-administered cities (hereinafter referred to collectively as the Chairman of the Provincial People's Committee) decides on the establishment of public vocational training centers and intermediate vocational schools under provincial jurisdiction and permits the establishment of private vocational training centers and intermediate vocational schools within their respective jurisdictions;

b) The Minister, Head of a ministerial-level agency, or Head of a central organization of political-social groups decides on the establishment of vocational training centers and intermediate vocational schools under their direct supervision;

c) The head of the central state agency managing vocational training decides on the establishment of public higher vocational schools and permits the establishment of private higher vocational schools.

2. The person with the authority to decide on establishment or permission to establish has the right to suspend operations, merge, split, divide, and dissolve vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools.

3. Procedures for establishing, permitting establishment, suspending operations, merging, splitting, dividing, and dissolving vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools, and registering vocational training activities shall be stipulated by the head of the central state agency managing vocational training.

Article 42. Suspension of Vocational Training Activities

1. The suspension of vocational training activities at vocational training institutions specified in Articles 15, 22, and 29 of this Law shall occur when there are violations of vocational training laws causing serious consequences.

2. The suspension of vocational training activities for specific trades at vocational training institutions specified in Articles 15, 22, and 29 of this Law shall occur if any of the following violations of vocational training laws take place:

a) Not ensuring the conditions regarding premises, finance, physical facilities, and vocational training equipment as stipulated in Point a Clause 1 Article 40 of this Law;

b) Not ensuring the conditions regarding the management and teaching staff as stipulated in Point b Clause 1 Article 40 of this Law;

c) Not ensuring the conditions regarding vocational training curricula and textbooks as stipulated in Articles 13, 14, 20, 21, 27, and 28 of this Law.

3. The duration of the suspension of vocational training activities shall be implemented according to the following provisions:

a) Suspend vocational training activities at vocational training institutions until the violations are fully rectified, but not exceeding 24 months. If the violations are not fully rectified beyond this period, vocational training institutions specified in Clause 3 Article 15, Clause 3 Article 22, and Clause 2 Article 29 of this Law shall cease vocational training activities; vocational training institutions specified in Clause 1 and Clause 2 Article 15, Clause 1 and Clause 2 Article 22, and Clause 1 Article 29 of this Law shall be dissolved pursuant to Article 43 of this Law;

b) Suspend vocational training activities for specific trades at vocational training institutions until the violations are fully rectified, but not exceeding 12 months. If the violations are not fully rectified beyond this period, vocational training institutions shall cease vocational training activities for the unrectified trades.

Article 43. Dissolution of Vocational Training Centers, Intermediate Vocational Schools, and Higher Vocational Colleges vocational training, vocational secondary schools, higher vocational colleges

1. Vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational colleges shall be dissolved in the following cases:

a) Engaging in acts that violate vocational training laws causing particularly serious consequences;

b) When vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational colleges have exceeded the period of suspension for vocational training activities but have not yet fully remedied the violations;

c) At the request of the organizations or individuals establishing the vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, or higher vocational colleges;

d) When vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational colleges have reached the operational term specified in their regulations or charters.

2. Vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational colleges being dissolved must develop plans to address the rights of staff, teachers, employees, workers, students, and fulfill financial obligations according to the law, and submit them for review and decision by the authority with the power to establish or permit the establishment of such centers, schools, or colleges.

Article 44. Regulations of Vocational Training Centers, Charters of Intermediate Vocational Schools, and Charters of Higher Vocational Colleges

1. The model regulation of vocational training centers includes the following main contents:

a) Tasks and powers of vocational training centers;

b) Tasks and rights of vocational instructors and students;

c) Organization, operation, and management of vocational training centers;

d) Relationships between vocational training centers and enterprises and society.

2. The model charter of intermediate vocational schools and the model charter of higher vocational colleges contain the main contents as prescribed in Clause 2 of Article 52 of the Education Law.

3. The model regulation of vocational training centers, the model charter of intermediate vocational schools, and the model charter of higher vocational colleges shall be issued by the head of the central state agency managing vocational training. promulgated.

4. Vocational training centers base on the model regulation to develop their own center's regulation. Intermediate vocational schools and higher vocational colleges base on the model charter to develop their own school's charter.

Article 45. Director of Vocational Training Centers

1. The director of a vocational training center must meet the following criteria:

a) Have good character and morality;

b) Hold a college degree or higher;

c) Have undergone training or further education in management;

d) Be in good health as stipulated.

2. The authority to appoint and recognize the director of a vocational training center is as follows:

a) The authority deciding to establish a public vocational training center appoints the director of the public vocational training center under its jurisdiction;

b) The Chairman of the People's Committee at the provincial level recognizes the director of a private vocational training center within their jurisdiction upon the proposal of the organization or individuals who contributed capital to establish the center or the individual who is the owner of the center.

3. The director of a vocational training center has the following tasks and powers:

a) Managing and directing the activities of the vocational training center;

b) Issuing certificates for basic vocational skills.

4. The procedures for appointing and recognizing the director of a vocational training center are carried out according to the provisions of the head of the central state agency managing vocational training.

Article 46. Principal of Intermediate Vocational Schools and Principal of Higher Vocational Colleges

1. The principal of an intermediate vocational school and the principal of a higher vocational college must meet the following criteria:

a) Possess good moral character and have taught or participated in vocational training management for at least five years; b) Hold a bachelor's degree or higher for the principal of an intermediate vocational school; hold a master's degree or higher for the principal of a higher vocational college;

b) Hold a bachelor's degree or higher for the principal of a vocational secondary school; hold a master's degree or higher for the principal of a higher vocational college;

c) Have undergone training or further education in management;

d) Be in good health as stipulated.

2. The authority to appoint and recognize the principal of an intermediate vocational school and the principal of a higher vocational college is as follows:

a) The Minister, the head of a ministry-level agency, the head of a government agency, the Chairman of the People's Committee at the provincial level, or the head of a central organization of political-social bodies appoint the principal of an intermediate vocational school and the principal of a higher vocational college under their jurisdiction;

b) The Chairman of the People's Committee at the provincial level recognizes the principal of a private intermediate vocational school within their jurisdiction upon the proposal of the board of directors or the individual who is the owner of the school;

c) The head of the central state agency managing vocational training recognizes the principal of a private higher vocational college upon the proposal of the board of directors or the individual who is the owner of the college.

3. The principal of an intermediate vocational school and the principal of a higher vocational college have the following tasks and powers:

a) Managing and directing the activities of the school;

b) The principal of an intermediate vocational school issues intermediate vocational diplomas and certificates for basic vocational skills; the principal of a higher vocational college issues higher vocational diplomas, intermediate vocational diplomas, and certificates for basic vocational skills.

4. The procedures for appointing and recognizing the principal of an intermediate vocational school and the principal of a higher vocational college are carried out according to the provisions of the head of the central state agency managing vocational training.

Article 47. School Council

1. The school council shall be established for public vocational college and vocational college; the board of management shall be established for private vocational college and vocational college with two or more contributing capital members (hereinafter referred to collectively as the school council).

2. The school council shall have the following tasks and powers:

a) Resolving on the direction, objectives, plans, and development projects of the school;

b) Resolving on the charter or amendments and supplements to the charter of the school to submit to the competent authority for approval;

c) Resolving on the mobilization and supervision of the use of resources of the school;

d) Supervising the implementation of resolutions of the school council and democratic regulations in the activities of the school.

3. Procedures for establishment, organizational structure, specific tasks, and powers of the school council shall be stipulated in the Model Charter of Vocational College and the Model Charter of Vocational College.

Article 48. Party Organization, Mass Organizations, Social Organizations in Vocational Training Centers, Vocational College, and Higher Vocational College

The Communist Party of Vietnam organization, mass organizations, and social organizations in vocational training centers, vocational colleges, and higher vocational colleges operate according to their own charters and in accordance with the law.

Article 49. Advisory Board, Program and Textbook Review Board in Vocational Training Centers, Vocational Colleges, and Higher Vocational Colleges

1. The advisory board in vocational training centers, vocational colleges, and higher vocational colleges shall be established by the director or principal to seek opinions from teachers, managers, representatives of organizations within the center or school for the implementation of certain tasks and powers of the director or principal.

2. The program and textbook review board assists the director or principal in approving programs and textbooks. The review board consists of teachers, vocational management staff, scientific staff, technical staff, and employers knowledgeable about the trade. The review board shall have from five to nine members depending on the program or textbook being reviewed.

3. The organization, operation, tasks, and powers of the advisory board and the program and textbook review board shall be stipulated by the director or principal.

Article 50. Tasks and Powers of Vocational Training Centers, Vocational Colleges, and Higher Vocational Colleges

1. Vocational training centers, vocational colleges, and higher vocational colleges shall have tasks, powers, autonomy, and responsibility as prescribed in Articles 58, 59, and 60 of the Education Law.

2. In addition to the tasks and powers stipulated in Clause 1 of this Article, vocational training centers, vocational colleges, and higher vocational colleges shall also have the following tasks and powers:

a) Providing free vocational counseling and job placement advice to vocational learners;

b) Organizing vocational learners to visit and intern at enterprises;

c) Joint ventures and collaborations in vocational training activities with domestic enterprises, organizations, and individuals, as well as foreign organizations and individuals;

d) Being allowed to establish businesses and production, business, and service organizations in accordance with the law;

đ) Incorporating teaching content on language, customs, traditions, and relevant laws of the country where workers will work and relevant Vietnamese laws into the vocational training program when organizing training for workers going abroad.

Section 2

VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTERS, VOCATIONAL COLLEGES, AND HIGHER VOCATIONAL COLLEGES WITH FOREIGN INVESTMENT CAPITAL

PRIVATE HIGHER VOCATIONAL COLLEGES WITH FOREIGN INVESTMENT

Article 51. Vocational training centers, vocational colleges, and higher vocational colleges with foreign investment capital

1. Vocational training centers, vocational colleges, and higher vocational colleges with foreign investment capital shall be protected by the State of Vietnam in terms of rights and legitimate interests according to Vietnamese law and international treaties to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a member.

2. Vocational training centers, vocational colleges, and higher vocational colleges with foreign investment capital shall operate vocational training activities in accordance with this Law and other relevant legal provisions.

Article 52. Establishment of vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, higher vocational schools with foreign investment capital with foreign investment

1. Vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, higher vocational schools with foreign investment capital shall be established when they meet the following conditions:

a) Having a sufficient management staff and teaching faculty;

b) Having premises and equipment suitable for theoretical and practical training corresponding to the profession, level, and scale of training;

c) Having a certification document from a bank regarding the registered capital.

2. The competent state agency for investment shall issue an investment certificate to vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools with foreign investment capital when they meet the conditions stipulated in Clause 1 of this Article and have a written agreement from the competent state agency for vocational training.

Section 3

POLICIES FOR VOCATIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTIONS

Article 53. Policies for vocational training institutions

1. The State shall implement policies of transferring or leasing land and physical facilities, preferential credit, tax exemptions, and reductions in accordance with the law for vocational training institutions; tax exemptions on products produced from vocational training activities serving the vocational training institution.

2. People's Committees at all levels shall create favorable conditions for vocational training institutions, other training institutions, and scientists to disseminate scientific and technological advancements and transfer technology, particularly in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries.

3. Private vocational training institutions shall enjoy the policies prescribed in Articles 65, 66, 67, and 68 of the Education Law.

Article 54. Policies for vocational training institutions receiving ethnic minority boarding students and vocational training institutions training workers for overseas employment

1. The State shall implement investment policies to ensure conditions for vocational training institutions receiving ethnic minority boarding students so that upon graduation, they can enter vocational training programs.

2. The State shall support vocational training institutions in developing trades that meet the demand for vocational training of workers going to work abroad.

Chapter V

RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS

OF ENTERPRISES IN VOCATIONAL TRAINING ACTIVITIES VOCATIONAL TRAINING

Article 55. Rights of enterprises in vocational training activities

1. To establish vocational training centers, intermediate vocational schools, and higher vocational schools to train human resources directly for the enterprise’s production and business operations and for society.

2. To organize vocational training for workers to work for the enterprise; to receive State support when accepting disabled individuals into vocational training and employment within the enterprise.

3. To engage in joint ventures and collaborations with vocational training institutions to organize vocational training for workers; to conduct research, production, application, and technology transfer in accordance with this Law and other relevant laws.

4. To be invited by state management agencies for vocational training and vocational training institutions to participate in program and textbook review boards; to teach, guide practical training, and evaluate the learning outcomes of trainees; to participate in establishing national skill standards and assessing skills related to the enterprise’s production and business activities.

5. To deduct the following expenses from taxable income in accordance with the law:

a) Reasonable investments and costs incurred by the enterprise to maintain the operation of vocational training facilities directly serving the enterprise’s production and business operations;

b) Costs of vocational training provided by the enterprise for workers recruited to work for the enterprise.

Article 56. Obligations of enterprises in vocational training activities

1. Provide information on industries, training needs, and labor requirements of the enterprise to state management agencies for vocational training.

2. Accept trainees to visit and practice vocational skills at the enterprise through contracts with vocational training institutions.

3. Pay compensation to trainees when they directly produce goods or participate in production for the enterprise. The amount of compensation shall be agreed upon by both parties.

Article 57. Obligations of enterprises in training, upgrading vocational skills, and retraining employees

1. Develop and implement plans for training and upgrading vocational skills for employees to meet human resource usage needs and technological innovation in production and business.

2. Create conditions for employees to work while studying to enhance their vocational skill levels.

3. Retrain employees when they switch to other jobs within the enterprise. Training costs and wages during the training period shall be borne by the enterprise.

Chapter VI

VOCATIONAL TEACHERS AND VOCATIONAL STUDENTS

Section 1

VOCATIONAL TEACHERS

Article 58. Vocational Teachers

1. Vocational teachers are individuals who teach theory, practical skills, or both theory and practical skills in vocational training institutions.

2. Vocational teachers must meet the standards prescribed in Clause 2 of Article 70 of the Education Law.

3. The standard qualifications for vocational teachers are as follows:

a) Vocational teachers teaching theoretical courses at the basic vocational level must have a diploma from a technical college or higher; vocational teachers teaching practical courses must hold a diploma from a technical college or higher or be recognized artisans or highly skilled workers;

b) Vocational teachers teaching theoretical courses at the intermediate vocational level must have a bachelor's degree in technical education or a specialized field; vocational teachers teaching practical courses must hold a diploma from a vocational college or be recognized artisans or highly skilled workers;

c) Vocational teachers teaching theoretical courses at the advanced vocational level must have a bachelor's degree in technical education or a specialized field or higher; vocational teachers teaching practical courses must hold a diploma from a vocational college or be recognized artisans or highly skilled workers;

d) In cases where vocational teachers specified in points a, b, and c of this clause do not have a diploma in technical pedagogy or a bachelor's degree in technical education, they must have a teaching qualification certificate.

Article 59. Duties and rights of vocational teachers

1. Vocational teachers have duties as prescribed in Article 72 of the Education Law.

2. Vocational teachers have rights as prescribed in Article 73 of the Education Law and the following rights:

a) To participate in practical production experiences and access to new technologies;

b) To use educational materials, teaching aids, equipment, and facilities of the vocational training institution to fulfill assigned tasks;

c) To contribute opinions on policies, plans, curricula, textbooks, teaching methods, and issues related to the interests of teachers.

Article 60. Recruitment and professional development for vocational teachers

1. Recruitment of vocational teachers in public vocational training institutions must ensure the standards prescribed in Clauses 2 and 3 of Article 58 of this Law and be carried out in accordance with laws on civil servants and labor.

2. Recruitment of vocational teachers in private vocational training institutions must ensure the standards prescribed in Clauses 2 and 3 of Article 58 of this Law and be carried out in accordance with labor laws.

3. Standardization training, professional development, vocational skill enhancement, computer skills, and foreign language training for vocational teachers shall be implemented according to regulations set by the head of the central state management agency for vocational training.

Article 61. Invited Lectures

1. Vocational training institutions may invite individuals who meet the criteria specified in Clause 2 and Clause 3 of Article 58 of this Law to teach under the visiting lecturer system.

2. Individuals invited for visiting lectures must fulfill tasks as prescribed in Article 72 of the Education Law.

3. Visiting lecturers who are civil servants or public officials must ensure the completion of their duties at their place of work.

Article 62. Policies for Vocational Teachers

1. They shall enjoy policies for professional development, salary policies, and policies for teachers working at specialized schools or in areas with particularly difficult socio-economic conditions as stipulated in Articles 80, 81, and 82 of the Education Law.

2. They shall be entitled to allowances when teaching practical skills in heavy, hazardous, or dangerous trades as prescribed by the Government and other policies for teachers.

Section 2

STUDENT TRAINEES

Article 63. Responsibilities of the Ministry of Science and Technology Duties and Rights of Student Trainees

Student trainees shall have duties and rights as prescribed in Articles 85 and 86 of the Education Law.

Article 64. Obligation to Work for a Fixed Term for Student Trainees

1. Graduates from vocational courses under the selective recruitment system, state-ordered programs, scholarship recipients, those whose training costs were covered by the State, or those trained through foreign funding agreements with the Vietnamese State must comply with the State's assignment to work for a fixed term; failure to comply will result in repayment of scholarships and training costs.

2. Graduates from vocational courses where the employer provided scholarships or covered training costs must work for the employer for the agreed period as stipulated in the training contract; failure to fulfill the agreement will result in repayment of scholarships and training costs.

Article 65. Policies for Student Trainees

1. Student trainees shall enjoy scholarship and social assistance policies, selective recruitment policies, educational credit policies, and fee reduction policies for public services for students and trainees as stipulated in Articles 89, 90, 91, and 92 of the Education Law.

2. Students graduating from boarding secondary schools for ethnic minorities, boarding general secondary schools for ethnic minorities, including fostered boarding schools, shall be directly admitted to vocational colleges.

3. Students from boarding general secondary schools who switch to vocational training shall enjoy the same policies as students from boarding general secondary schools.

4. During the vocational training period, if student trainees perform military service, due to illness, accidents, maternity leave, or family difficulties that prevent them from continuing their studies or employment, they shall retain their training results and can return to continue their studies to complete the course. The retention period for training results shall not exceed four years.

Article 66. Policies for Student Trainees Intending to Work Abroad

1. The State has policies to organize vocational training for workers intending to work abroad.

2. In cases where student trainees go to work abroad during their training period, their training results shall be retained. The retention period for training results shall not exceed four years.

Article 67. Policies for Individuals Achieving Awards in National and International Vocational Competitions

1. The State encourages student trainees to participate in vocational competitions to enhance their practical skills. Individuals achieving awards in national and international vocational competitions shall be rewarded according to the law on commendation and rewards.

2. Individuals achieving first, second, or third place in national vocational competitions, if they hold a high school diploma or a vocational college diploma, shall be directly admitted to a college or vocational college to study a relevant field.

3. Individuals achieving first, second, or third place in international vocational competitions, if they hold a high school diploma or a vocational college diploma, shall be directly admitted to a university to study a relevant field.

Chapter VII

VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

Article 68. Objectives of vocational training for persons with disabilities

Vocational training for persons with disabilities aims to help them acquire practical skills suitable for their labor capacity so that they can create employment for themselves or find jobs, stabilize their lives, and integrate into society.

Article 69. Vocational Training Facilities for Persons with Disabilities

1. Vocational training facilities for persons with disabilities must ensure the conditions stipulated in Article 40 of this Law and the following conditions:

a) Material and equipment for vocational training; textbooks, methods, and timeframes for vocational training appropriate for persons with disabilities;

b) Teachers with expertise, vocational skills, and teaching techniques for persons with disabilities.

2. Construction projects serving vocational training for persons with disabilities must meet the standards prescribed by the Minister of Construction.

Article 70. Policies for Vocational Training Facilities for Persons with Disabilities

1. The State encourages vocational training facilities to enroll persons with disabilities in integrated learning; encourages organizations and individuals to establish vocational training facilities specifically for persons with disabilities.

2. Vocational training facilities for persons with disabilities shall enjoy the policies stipulated in Article 53 of this Law and receive financial support from the State for investment in material and equipment for vocational training; be allocated land without payment or lease land in locations convenient for the vocational training of persons with disabilities.

Article 71. Policies for Persons with Disabilities Enrolled in Vocational Training

1. They shall enjoy scholarships and social allowances, special recruitment policies, educational credit policies, and public service fee exemption or reduction policies for students as stipulated in Articles 89, 90, 91, and 92 of the Education Law.

2. They shall receive free career guidance and job placement counseling.

3. They shall have reduced or exempted tuition fees.

4. Persons with disabilities enrolled in vocational training from poor households shall be exempted from tuition fees, granted scholarships, and provided with food, accommodation, and travel assistance according to the provisions of the law.

Article 72. Policies for Teachers Providing Vocational Training to Persons with Disabilities

1. The State invests in training and upgrading the professional knowledge, skills, and teaching methods for teachers providing vocational training to persons with disabilities.

2. Teachers providing vocational training to persons with disabilities shall enjoy the benefits for vocational teachers stipulated in Article 62 of this Law and receive special allowances as prescribed by the Government.

Chapter VIII

QUALITY CONTROL OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING

Article 73. Quality Control of Vocational Training

1. Quality control of vocational training aims to assess and determine the level of achievement of vocational training objectives, programs, and content at vocational training facilities.

2. Quality control of vocational training shall be conducted periodically for vocational training facilities nationwide. The results of quality control shall be publicly announced for learners and society to know and supervise.

Article 74. Content and Forms of Quality Control of Vocational Training

1. The content of quality control for vocational training facilities includes the following criteria: a) Objectives and tasks;

b) Organization and management;

c) Teaching and learning activities;

d) Teachers and managers;

đ) Programs and textbooks;

g) Material and equipment, teaching aids;

e) Library Science;

h) Financial management;

i) Services for learners.

2. The forms of quality control of vocational training include:

a) Self-quality control of vocational training by vocational training facilities;

b) Quality control of vocational training by state management agencies for vocational training.

b) Quality assessment of vocational training by the state management agency for vocational training.

Article 75. Management and organization for the implementation of vocational training quality certification

The head of the central state management agency for vocational training shall establish standards and procedures for vocational training quality certification, direct and organize the implementation of vocational training quality certification.

Article 76. Duties and powers of vocational training institutions in implementing vocational training quality certification

1. Develop and implement long-term and annual plans to improve vocational training quality.

2. Organize self-certification of vocational training quality according to the standards and procedures for vocational training quality certification.

3. Provide information and materials for the activities of vocational training quality certification when the state management agency for vocational training conducts certification at their institution.

4. In case of disagreement with the certification conclusion, they have the right to appeal in accordance with the provisions of the law.

Article 77. Recognition of meeting the standards of vocational training quality certification

1. A vocational training institution that has been certified and meets the requirements shall be issued a certificate of meeting the standards of vocational training quality certification. The certificate is valid for five years. 2. A vocational training institution that cannot maintain the quality according to the standards of vocational training quality certification shall have its certificate of meeting the standards of vocational training quality certification revoked.

3. The head of the central state management agency for vocational training has the authority to issue and revoke certificates of meeting the standards of vocational training quality certification.

Article 78. Duties and powers of vocational training institutions recognized as meeting the standards of vocational training quality certification

Vocational training institutions recognized as meeting the standards of vocational training quality certification shall have the following duties and powers:

1. Maintain and continue to improve vocational training quality;

2. Annually report the results of self-certification to the state management agency for vocational training;

3. Be entitled to benefit from investment support policies to improve vocational training quality and participate in bidding to fulfill vocational training targets set by the State.

Article 79. National occupational skill standards

Chapter IX

ASSESSMENT AND ISSUANCE OF NATIONAL SKILL CERTIFICATES

1. National occupational skill standards are established according to levels of occupational skill proficiency for each occupation. The number of levels of occupational skill proficiency for each occupation depends on the complexity of the occupation.

2. National occupational skill standards serve as a basis for workers to strive to improve their proficiency to meet increasingly high demands of production and business, and for employers to arrange work and pay reasonable wages to workers; contribute to enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises and international integration in the field of occupations; and form the basis for developing vocational training programs in line with production and business requirements.

Article 80. Establishment and issuance of national occupational skill standards

1. The head of the central state management agency for labor shall promulgate principles, procedures, and organize the direction for the establishment of national occupational skill standards.

2. The Minister, the head of a ministry-level agency, and the head of an agency under the Government shall take the lead and coordinate with relevant agencies and occupational associations to organize the establishment and issuance of national occupational skill standards for each occupation after obtaining an agreement document from the head of the central state management agency for labor.

2. The Minister, the head of a ministerial-level agency, and the head of an agency under the Government shall take the lead and coordinate with relevant agencies and professional associations to develop and promulgate national occupational skill standards for each occupation after obtaining an agreement document from the head of the central state management agency for labor.

Article 81. Organization to implement the assessment and issuance of national vocational skill certificates

1. The central state management agency for labor shall take the lead and coordinate with ministries, ministerial-level agencies, and government agencies to organize and direct the implementation of the national vocational skills assessment for workers.

2. The central state management agency for labor shall manage the assessment and issuance of national vocational skill certificates.

Article 82. Rights of workers in participating in the national vocational skills assessment

1. Workers who have accumulated vocational skills through their education and work have the right to participate in the national vocational skills assessment.

2. Workers have the right to request a re-examination of the results of the national vocational skills assessment; report acts of violation of laws on the assessment and issuance of national vocational skill certificates, and bear legal responsibility for false reports.

3. Workers who meet the requirements at a certain level of vocational skills shall be issued a national vocational skill certificate at that level. National vocational skill certificates are valid throughout the country.

Chapter X

STATE MANAGEMENT OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING

Article 83. Contents of State Management of Vocational Training

1. Develop and implement strategies, plans, policies, and planning for vocational training development.

2. Issue and implement legal documents on vocational training.

3. Specify objectives, contents, methods, curricula of vocational training; standards for vocational instructors; lists of trades trained at various levels; infrastructure and equipment standards; admission regulations and issuance of diplomas and certificates.

4. Implement quality assurance for vocational training.

5. Conduct statistics and information work on vocational training organizations and activities.

6. Organize the administrative apparatus for vocational training.

7. Organize and direct the training and upgrading of vocational instructors and managers.

8. Mobilize, manage, and utilize resources for vocational training development.

9. Organize and direct research and application of science and technology in vocational training.

10. Organize and manage international cooperation in vocational training.

11. Inspect and supervise compliance with laws on vocational training; handle complaints, reports, and violations of laws on vocational training.

Article 84. State Management Agencies for Vocational Training

1. The Government shall uniformly manage state affairs related to vocational training.

2. The central state management agency for vocational training shall be responsible before the Government for managing state affairs related to vocational training.

3. Ministries and ministerial-level agencies shall cooperate with the central state management agency for vocational training to manage state affairs related to vocational training within their respective authorities.

4. People's Committees at all levels shall manage state affairs related to vocational training according to the分级任务的原因是确保每个部分都能准确无误地翻译，同时保持文本的完整性和一致性。以下是按照要求直接输出的翻译结果：

Article 85. Investment in Vocational Training

Financial investments for vocational training, state budget allocations for vocational training, prioritized financial and land investments for building vocational training facilities, encouragement of investment in vocational training, tuition fees and admission fees for vocational training programs, tax incentives for publishing vocational training textbooks, and production of vocational training equipment shall be implemented in accordance with Articles 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, and 106 of the Education Law.

Article 86. Vocational Training Support Fund

1. The Vocational Training Support Fund is established to support individuals learning trades.

2. The financial resources of the Vocational Training Support Fund include voluntary contributions from enterprises, agencies, organizations, and individuals; support from the state budget and other lawful sources. The State encourages enterprises, organizations, and individuals to contribute to the Vocational Training Support Fund.

3. The Vocational Training Support Fund operates without profit-making objectives and is exempt from taxes. The management and utilization of the Vocational Training Support Fund must comply with its purpose and relevant legal provisions.

4. The Government shall specify the establishment, management, and utilization of the Vocational Training Support Fund.

Article 87. International Cooperation in Vocational Training

International cooperation in vocational training is carried out in accordance with Articles 108 and 109 of the Education Law.

Article 88. Inspection of Vocational Training

1. Vocational training inspection is specialized inspection.

2. The inspection of activities within the vocational training sector is conducted in accordance with the laws on inspection.

3. The Government shall specify the organization and operation of vocational training inspection.

Article 89. Handling of violations

1. Individuals who violate the provisions of this Law shall be subject to disciplinary action, administrative penalties, or criminal prosecution depending on the nature and severity of the violation; if damage is caused, compensation must be provided according to the law.

2. Organizations that violate the provisions of this Law shall be subject to administrative penalties depending on the nature and severity of the violation; if damage is caused, compensation must be provided according to the law.

3. Administrative penalties for violations of the law in the vocational training sector are implemented in accordance with the law.

Article 90. Complaints, Accusations, and Resolution of Complaints and Accusations

Complaints, accusations, and resolution of complaints and accusations in vocational training activities are carried out in accordance with the law.

Chapter XI

IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS

Article 91. Effectiveness

This Law takes effect from June 1, 2007.

In cases where there are discrepancies between the provisions of this Law and those of other laws concerning the same content related to vocational training activities, the provisions of this Law shall apply.

Article 92. Implementation Guidance

The Government shall provide detailed regulations and guidance for implementing Articles 62, 72, 84, 86, 88, and 89 of this Law./.

This Law was adopted by the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the 11th term, the 10th session, on November 29, 2006.